Bible in 90 Days
30 “Therefore the Lord, the God of Israel, says, ‘I really did say[a] that your house and your ancestor’s house would serve[b] me forever.’ But now the Lord says, ‘May it never be![c] For I will honor those who honor me, but those who despise me will be cursed! 31 In fact, days are coming when I will remove your strength[d] and the strength[e] of your father’s house. There will not be an old man in your house! 32 You will see trouble in my dwelling place![f] Israel will experience blessings,[g] but there will not be an old man in your[h] house for all time.[i] 33 Any man of yours that I do not cut off from my altar, I will cause his[j] eyes to fail[k] and will cause him grief.[l] All those born to your family[m] will die by the sword of man.[n] 34 This will be a confirming sign for you that will be fulfilled through your two sons,[o] Hophni and Phinehas: in a single day they both will die! 35 Then I will raise up for myself a faithful priest. He will do what is in my heart and soul. I will build for him a lasting dynasty,[p] and he will serve my chosen one for all time.[q] 36 Everyone who remains in your house will come to bow before him for a little money[r] and for a scrap of bread. Each will say, “Assign me to a priestly task so I can eat a scrap of bread.”’”
The Call of Samuel
3 Now the boy Samuel continued serving the Lord under Eli’s supervision.[s] Receiving a message from the Lord was rare in those days; revelatory visions were infrequent.
2 Eli’s eyes had begun to fail, so that he was unable to see well. At that time he was lying down in his place, 3 and the lamp of God had not yet been extinguished. Samuel was lying down in the temple of the Lord as well; the ark of God was also there. 4 The Lord called to Samuel, and he replied, “Here I am!” 5 Then he ran to Eli and said, “Here I am, for you called me.” But Eli[t] said, “I didn’t call you. Go back and lie down.” So he went back and lay down. 6 The Lord again called, “Samuel!” So Samuel got up and went to Eli and said, “Here I am, for you called me.” But Eli[u] said, “I didn’t call you, my son. Go back and lie down.”
7 Now Samuel did not yet know the Lord; the Lord’s messages had not yet been revealed to him. 8 Then the Lord called Samuel a third time. So he got up and went to Eli and said, “Here I am, for you called me!” Eli then realized that it was the Lord who was calling the boy. 9 So Eli said to Samuel, “Go back and lie down. When he calls you, say, ‘Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening.’ So Samuel went back and lay down in his place.
10 Then the Lord came and stood nearby, calling as he had previously done, “Samuel! Samuel!” Samuel replied, “Speak, for your servant is listening!” 11 The Lord said to Samuel, “Look! I am about to do something in Israel;[v] when anyone hears about it, both of his ears will tingle. 12 On that day I will carry out[w] against Eli everything that I spoke about his house—from start to finish! 13 You[x] should tell him that I am about to judge his house forever because of[y] the sin that he knew about. For his sons were cursing God,[z] and he did not rebuke them. 14 Therefore I swore an oath to the house of Eli, ‘The sin of the house of Eli can never be forgiven by sacrifice or by grain offering.’”
15 So Samuel lay down until morning. Then he opened the doors of the Lord’s house. But Samuel was afraid to tell Eli about the vision. 16 However, Eli called Samuel and said, “Samuel, my son!” He replied, “Here I am.” 17 Eli[aa] said, “What message did he speak to you? Don’t conceal it from me. God will judge you severely[ab] if you conceal from me anything that he said to you!”
18 So Samuel told him everything. He did not hold back anything from him. Eli[ac] said, “The Lord will do what he pleases.”[ad] 19 Samuel continued to grow, and the Lord was with him. None of his prophecies fell to the ground unfulfilled.[ae] 20 All Israel from Dan to Beer Sheba realized that Samuel was confirmed as a prophet of the Lord. 21 Then the Lord again appeared in Shiloh, for it was in Shiloh that the Lord had revealed himself to Samuel[af] through a message from the Lord.[ag] 4 1 Samuel revealed the word of the Lord[ah] to all Israel.
The Ark of the Covenant is Lost to the Philistines
Then the Israelites went out to fight the Philistines.[ai] They camped at Ebenezer,[aj] and the Philistines camped at Aphek. 2 The Philistines arranged their forces to fight[ak] Israel. As the battle spread out,[al] Israel was defeated by[am] the Philistines, who[an] killed about 4,000 men in the battle line in the field.
3 When the army[ao] came back to the camp, the elders of Israel said, “Why did the Lord let us be defeated today by[ap] the Philistines? Let’s take with us the ark of the covenant of the Lord from Shiloh. When it is with us, it will save us[aq] from the hand of our enemies.”
4 So the army[ar] sent to Shiloh, and they took from there the ark of the covenant of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, who sits between the cherubim. Now the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God. 5 When the ark of the covenant of the Lord arrived at the camp, all Israel shouted so loudly[as] that the ground shook.
6 When the Philistines heard the sound of the shout, they said, “What is this loud shout in the camp of the Hebrews?” Then they realized that the ark of the Lord had arrived at the camp. 7 The Philistines were scared because they thought that gods had come to the camp.[at] They said, “Woe to us! We’ve never seen anything like this! 8 Woe to us! Who can deliver us from the hand of these mighty gods? These are the gods who struck the Egyptians with all sorts of plagues in the desert! 9 Be strong and act like men, you Philistines, or else you will wind up serving the Hebrews the way they have served you! Act like men and fight!”
10 So the Philistines fought. Israel was defeated; they all ran home.[au] The slaughter was very great; 30,000 foot soldiers from Israel fell in battle. 11 The ark of God was taken, and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were killed.
Eli Dies
12 On that day[av] a Benjaminite ran from the battle lines and came to Shiloh. His clothes were torn, and dirt was on his head. 13 When he arrived in Shiloh, Eli was sitting in his chair on the lookout[aw] by the side of[ax] the road, for he was very worried[ay] about the ark of God. As the man entered the city to give his report,[az] the whole city cried out.
14 When Eli heard the outcry,[ba] he said, “What’s this commotion?”[bb] The man quickly came and told Eli. 15 Now Eli was ninety-eight years old and his eyes looked straight ahead;[bc] he was unable to see.
16 The man said to Eli, “I am the one who came from the battle lines! Just today I fled from the battle lines!” Eli[bd] asked, “How did things go, my son?” 17 The messenger replied, “Israel has fled from[be] the Philistines! The army has suffered a great defeat! Your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, are dead! The ark of God has been captured!”
18 When he mentioned the ark of God, Eli[bf] fell backward from his chair beside the gate. He broke his neck and died, for he[bg] was old and heavy. He had judged Israel for forty years.
19 His daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant and close to giving birth. When she heard that the ark of God was captured and that her father-in-law and her husband were dead, she doubled over and gave birth. But her labor pains were too much for her. 20 As she was dying, the women who were there with her said, “Don’t be afraid! You have given birth to a son!” But she did not reply or pay any attention.[bh]
21 She named the boy Ichabod,[bi] saying, “The glory has departed from Israel,” referring to the capture of the ark of God and the deaths of her father-in-law and her husband. 22 She said, “The glory has departed from Israel, because the ark of God has been captured.”
God Sends Trouble for the Philistines Who Have the Ark
5 Now the Philistines had captured the ark of God and brought it from Ebenezer to Ashdod. 2 The Philistines took the ark of God and brought it into the temple of Dagon, where they positioned it beside Dagon. 3 When the residents of Ashdod got up early the next day,[bj] Dagon was lying on the ground before the ark of the Lord. So they took Dagon and set him back in his place. 4 But when they got up early the following day, Dagon was again lying on the ground before the ark of the Lord. The head of Dagon and his two hands were sheared off and were lying at the threshold. Only Dagon’s body was left intact.[bk] 5 (For this reason, to this very day, neither Dagon’s priests nor anyone else who enters Dagon’s temple steps on Dagon’s threshold in Ashdod.)
6 The Lord attacked[bl] the residents of Ashdod severely, bringing devastation on them. He struck the people of[bm] both Ashdod and the surrounding area with sores.[bn] 7 When the people[bo] of Ashdod saw what was happening, they said, “The ark of the God of Israel should not remain with us, for he has attacked[bp] both us and our god Dagon!”
8 So they assembled[bq] all the leaders of the Philistines and asked, “What should we do with the ark of the God of Israel?” They replied, “The ark of the God of Israel should be moved to Gath.” So they moved the ark of the God of Israel.
9 But after it had been moved the Lord attacked[br] that city as well, causing a great deal of panic. He struck all the people of that city[bs] with sores.[bt] 10 So they sent the ark of God to Ekron.
But when the ark of God arrived at Ekron, the residents of Ekron cried out saying, “They have brought the ark of the God of Israel here[bu] to kill our[bv] people!” 11 So they assembled[bw] all the leaders of the Philistines and said, “Get the ark of the God of Israel out of here! Let it go back to its own place so that it won’t kill us[bx] and our[by] people!” The terror[bz] of death was throughout the entire city; God was attacking them very severely there.[ca] 12 The people[cb] who did not die were struck with sores; the city’s cry for help went all the way up to heaven.
The Philistines Return the Ark
6 When the ark of the Lord had been in the land[cc] of the Philistines for seven months,[cd] 2 the Philistines called the priests and the omen readers, saying, “What should we do with the ark of the Lord? Advise us as to how we should send it back to its place.”
3 They replied, “If you are going to send the ark of[ce] the God of Israel back, don’t send it away empty. Be sure to return it with a guilt offering. Then you will be healed, and you will understand why his hand has not been removed from you.” 4 They inquired, “What is the guilt offering that we should send to him?”
They replied, “The Philistine leaders number five. So send five gold sores and five gold mice, for it is the same plague that has afflicted both you and your leaders. 5 You should make images of the sores and images of the mice[cf] that are destroying the land. You should honor the God of Israel. Perhaps he will release his grip on you, your gods, and your land.[cg] 6 Why harden your hearts like the Egyptians and Pharaoh did?[ch] When God[ci] treated them harshly, didn’t the Egyptians send the Israelites on their way?[cj] 7 So now go and make a new cart. Get two cows that have calves and that have never had a yoke placed on them. Harness the cows to the cart, and take their calves from them back to their stalls. 8 Then take the ark of the Lord and place it on the cart, and put in a chest beside it the gold objects you are sending to him as a guilt offering. You should then send it on its way. 9 But keep an eye on it. If it should go up by the way of its own border to Beth Shemesh, then he has brought this great calamity on us. But if that is not the case, then we will know that it was not his hand that struck us; rather, it just happened to us by accident.”
10 So the men did as instructed.[ck] They took two cows that had calves and harnessed the cows to a cart; they also removed their calves to their stalls. 11 They put the ark of the Lord on the cart, along with the chest, the gold mice, and the images of the sores. 12 Then the cows went directly on the road to Beth Shemesh. They went along that route, bellowing[cl] more and more;[cm] they turned neither to the right nor to the left. The leaders of the Philistines were walking along behind them all the way to the border of Beth Shemesh.
13 Now the residents of Beth Shemesh were harvesting wheat in the valley. When they looked up and saw the ark, they were pleased at the sight. 14 The cart was coming to the field of Joshua, who was from Beth Shemesh. It paused there near a big stone. Then they cut up the wood of the cart and offered the cows as a burnt offering to the Lord. 15 The Levites took down the ark of the Lord and the chest that was with it, which contained the gold objects. They placed them near the big stone. At that time the people of Beth Shemesh offered burnt offerings and made sacrifices to the Lord. 16 The five leaders of the Philistines watched what was happening and then returned to Ekron on the same day.
17 These are the gold sores that the Philistines brought as a guilt offering to the Lord—one for each of the following cities: Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron. 18 The gold mice corresponded in number to all the Philistine cities of the five leaders, from the fortified cities to hamlet villages, to greater Abel.[cn] They positioned the ark of the Lord on a rock until this very day in the field of Joshua who was from Beth Shemesh.
19 But the Lord[co] struck down some of the people of Beth Shemesh because they had looked into the ark of the Lord; he struck down 50,070 of[cp] the men. The people grieved because the Lord had struck the people with a hard blow. 20 The residents of Beth Shemesh asked, “Who is able to stand before the Lord, this holy God? To whom will the ark[cq] go up from here?”
21 So they sent messengers to the residents of Kiriath Jearim, saying, “The Philistines have returned the ark of the Lord. Come down here and take it back home with you.”
7 Then the people[cr] of Kiriath Jearim came and took the ark of the Lord; they brought it to the house of Abinadab located on the hill. They consecrated Eleazar his son to guard the ark of the Lord.
Further Conflict with the Philistines
2 It was quite a long time—some twenty years in all—that the ark stayed at Kiriath Jearim. All the people[cs] of Israel longed for[ct] the Lord. 3 Samuel said to all the people of Israel, “If you are really turning to the Lord with all your hearts, remove from among you the foreign gods and the images of Ashtoreth.[cu] Give your hearts to the Lord and serve only him. Then he will deliver you[cv] from the hand of the Philistines.” 4 So the Israelites[cw] removed the Baals and images of Ashtoreth. They served only the Lord.
5 Then Samuel said, “Gather all Israel to Mizpah, and I will pray to the Lord on your behalf.” 6 After they had assembled at Mizpah, they drew water and poured it out before the Lord. They fasted on that day, and they confessed[cx] there, “We have sinned against the Lord.” So Samuel led[cy] the people of Israel at Mizpah.
7 When the Philistines heard that the Israelites had gathered at Mizpah, the leaders of the Philistines went up against Israel. When the Israelites heard about this, they were afraid of the Philistines. 8 The Israelites said to Samuel, “Keep[cz] crying out to the Lord our[da] God so that he may save us[db] from the hand of the Philistines!” 9 So Samuel took a nursing lamb[dc] and offered it as a whole burnt offering to the Lord. Samuel cried out to the Lord on Israel’s behalf, and the Lord answered him.
10 As Samuel was offering burnt offerings, the Philistines approached to do battle with Israel.[dd] But on that day the Lord thundered loudly against the Philistines. He caused them to panic, and they were defeated by[de] Israel. 11 Then the men of Israel left Mizpah and chased the Philistines, striking them down all the way to an area below Beth Car.
12 Samuel took a stone and placed it between Mizpah and Shen.[df] He named it Ebenezer,[dg] saying, “Up to here the Lord has helped us.” 13 So the Philistines were defeated; they did not invade Israel again. The hand of the Lord was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.
14 The cities that the Philistines had captured from Israel were returned to Israel, from Ekron to Gath. Israel also delivered their territory from the control[dh] of the Philistines. There was also peace between Israel and the Amorites. 15 So Samuel led[di] Israel all the days of his life. 16 Year after year he used to travel the circuit of Bethel, Gilgal, and Mizpah; he used to judge Israel in all these places. 17 Then he would return to Ramah, because his home was there. He also judged[dj] Israel there and built an altar to the Lord there.
Israel Seeks a King
8 In his old age Samuel appointed his sons as judges over Israel. 2 The name of his firstborn son was Joel, and the name of his second son was Abijah. They were judges in Beer Sheba. 3 But his sons did not follow[dk] his ways. Instead, they made money dishonestly, accepted bribes, and perverted justice.[dl]
4 So all the elders of Israel gathered together and approached Samuel at Ramah. 5 They said to him, “Look, you are old, and your sons don’t follow your ways. So now appoint over us a king to lead[dm] us, just like all the other nations have.”
6 But this request displeased Samuel, for[dn] they said, “Give us a king to lead us.” So Samuel prayed to the Lord. 7 The Lord said to Samuel, “Do everything the people request of you.[do] For it is not you that they have rejected, but it is me that they have rejected as their king. 8 Just as they have done[dp] from the day that I brought them up from Egypt until this very day, they have rejected me and have served other gods. This is what they are also doing to you. 9 So now do as they say.[dq] But you must warn[dr] them and make them aware of the policies of the king who will rule over them.”[ds]
10 So Samuel spoke all the Lord’s words to the people who were asking him for a king. 11 He said, “Here are the policies of the king who will rule over you: He will conscript your sons and put them in his chariot forces and in his cavalry; they will run in front of his chariot. 12 He will appoint for himself leaders of thousands and leaders of fifties,[dt] as well as those who plow his ground, reap his harvest, and make his weapons of war and his chariot equipment. 13 He will take your daughters to be ointment makers, cooks, and bakers. 14 He will take your best fields, vineyards, and olive groves, and give them to his own servants. 15 He will demand a tenth of your seed and of the produce of your vineyards and give it to his administrators[du] and his servants. 16 He will take your male and female servants, as well as your best cattle and your donkeys, and assign them for his own use. 17 He will demand a tenth of your flocks, and you yourselves will be his servants. 18 In that day you will cry out because of your king whom you have chosen for yourselves, but the Lord won’t answer you in that day.”[dv]
19 But the people refused to heed Samuel’s warning.[dw] Instead they said, “No! There will be a king over us! 20 We will be like all the other nations. Our king will judge us and lead us[dx] and fight our battles.”
21 So Samuel listened to everything the people said and then reported it to the Lord.[dy] 22 The Lord said to Samuel, “Do as they say[dz] and install a king over them.” Then Samuel said to the men of Israel, “Each of you go back to his own city.”
Samuel Meets with Saul
9 There was a Benjaminite man named Kish son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Becorath, the son of Aphiah of Benjamin. Kish was a prominent person. 2 He had a son named Saul, a handsome young man. There was no one among the Israelites more handsome than he was; he stood head and shoulders above all the people.
3 The donkeys of Saul’s father Kish wandered off,[ea] so Kish said to his son Saul, “Take one of the servants with you and go[eb] look for the donkeys.”[ec] 4 So Saul[ed] crossed through the hill country of Ephraim, passing through the land of Shalisha, but they did not find them. So they crossed through the land of Shaalim, but they were not there. Then he crossed through the land of Benjamin, and still they did not find them.
5 When they came to the land of Zuph, Saul said to his servant who was with him, “Come on, let’s head back before my father quits worrying about the donkeys and becomes anxious about us!” 6 But the servant said to him, “Look, there is a man of God in this town. He is highly respected. Everything that he says really happens.[ee] Now let’s go there. Perhaps he will tell us where we should go from here.”[ef] 7 So Saul said to his servant, “All right,[eg] we can go. But what can we bring the man, since the food in our bags is used up? We have no gift to take to the man of God. What do we have?” 8 The servant went on to answer Saul, “Look, I happen to have in my hand a quarter shekel[eh] of silver. I will give it to the man of God and he will tell us where we should go.”[ei] 9 (Now it used to be in Israel that whenever someone went to inquire of God he would say, “Come on, let’s go to the seer.” For today’s prophet used to be called a seer.) 10 So Saul said to his servant, “That’s a good idea![ej] Come on. Let’s go.” So they went to the town where the man of God was.
11 As they were going up the ascent to the town, they met some girls coming out to draw water. They said to them, “Is this where the seer is?” 12 They replied, “Yes, straight ahead! But hurry now, for he came to the town today, and the people are making a sacrifice at the high place. 13 When you enter the town, you can find him before he goes up to the high place to eat. The people won’t eat until he arrives, for he must bless the sacrifice. Once that happens, those who have been invited will eat. Now go on up, for[ek] this is the time when you can find him.”
14 So they went up to the town. As they were heading for the middle of the town, Samuel was coming in their direction[el] to go up to the high place. 15 Now the day before Saul arrived, the Lord had told[em] Samuel: 16 “At this time tomorrow I will send to you a man from the land of Benjamin. You must consecrate[en] him as a leader over my people Israel. He will save my people from the hand of the Philistines. For I have looked with favor on my people. Their cry has reached me.”
17 When Samuel saw Saul, the Lord said,[eo] “Here is the man that I told you about. He will rule over my people.” 18 As Saul approached Samuel in the middle of the gate, he said, “Please tell me where the seer’s house is.”
19 Samuel replied to Saul, “I am the seer! Go up in front of me to the high place! Today you will eat with me and in the morning I will send you away. I will tell you everything that you are thinking.[ep] 20 Don’t be concerned[eq] about the donkeys that you lost three days ago, for they have been found. Whom does all Israel desire? Is it not you, and all your father’s family?”[er]
21 Saul replied, “Am I not a Benjaminite, from the smallest of Israel’s tribes, and is not my family clan the smallest of all the clans in the tribe of Benjamin? Why do you speak to me in this way?”
22 Then Samuel brought[es] Saul and his servant into the room and gave them a place at the head of those who had been invited. There were about thirty people present. 23 Samuel said to the cook, “Give me the portion of meat that I gave to you—the one I asked you to keep with you.”
24 So the cook picked up the leg and brought it and set it in front of Saul. Samuel[et] said, “What was kept is now set before you! Eat, for it has been kept for you for this meeting time, from the time I said, ‘I have invited the people.’” So Saul ate with Samuel that day.
25 When they came down from the high place to the town, Samuel spoke with Saul on the roof. 26 They got up at dawn and Samuel called to Saul on the roof, “Get up, so I can send you on your way.” So Saul got up and the two of them—he and Samuel—went outside. 27 While they were going down to the edge of town, Samuel said to Saul, “Tell the servant to go on ahead of us.” So he did.[eu] Samuel then said,[ev] “You remain here awhile, so I can inform you of God’s message.”
Samuel Anoints Saul
10 Then Samuel took a small container of olive oil and poured it on Saul’s[ew] head. Samuel[ex] kissed him and said, “The Lord has chosen you[ey] to lead his people Israel! You will rule over the Lord’s people and you will deliver them from the power of the enemies who surround them. This will be your sign that the Lord has chosen[ez] you as leader over his inheritance.[fa] 2 When you leave me today, you will find two men near Rachel’s tomb at Zelzah on Benjamin’s border. They will say to you, ‘The donkeys you have gone looking for have been found. Your father is no longer concerned about the donkeys but has become anxious about you two![fb] He is asking, “What should I do about my son?”’
3 “As you continue on from there, you will come to the tall tree of Tabor. At that point three men who are going up to God at Bethel will meet you. One of them will be carrying three young goats, one of them will be carrying three round loaves of bread, and one of them will be carrying a container of wine. 4 They will ask you how you’re doing and will give you two loaves of bread. You will accept them. 5 Afterward you will go to Gibeah of God, where there are Philistine officials.[fc] When you enter the town, you will meet a company of prophets coming down from the high place. They will have harps, tambourines, flutes, and lyres, and they will be prophesying. 6 Then the Spirit of the Lord will rush upon you and you will prophesy with them. You will be changed into a different person.
7 “When these signs have taken place, do whatever your hand finds to do, for God will be with you.[fd] 8 You will go down to Gilgal before me. I am going to join you there to offer burnt offerings and to make peace offerings. You should wait for seven days until I arrive and tell you what to do.”
Saul Becomes King
9 As Saul[fe] turned[ff] to leave Samuel, God changed his inmost person.[fg] All these signs happened on that very day. 10 When Saul and his servant[fh] arrived at Gibeah, a company of prophets was coming out to meet him. Then the Spirit of God rushed upon Saul[fi] and he prophesied among them. 11 When everyone who had known him previously saw him prophesying with the prophets, the people asked one another, “What on earth has happened to the son of Kish? Does even Saul belong with the prophets?”
12 A man who was from there replied, “And who is their father?” Therefore this became a proverb: “Is even Saul among the prophets?” 13 When Saul[fj] had finished prophesying, he went to the high place.
14 Saul’s uncle asked him and his servant, “Where did you go?” Saul[fk] replied, “To look for the donkeys. But when we realized they were lost,[fl] we went to Samuel.” 15 Saul’s uncle said, “Tell me what Samuel said to you.”[fm] 16 Saul said to his uncle, “He assured us that the donkeys had been found.” But Saul[fn] did not tell him what Samuel had said about the matter of kingship.
17 Then Samuel called the people together before the Lord at Mizpah. 18 He said to the Israelites, “This is what the Lord God of Israel has said, ‘I brought Israel up from Egypt and I delivered you from the power[fo] of the Egyptians and from the power of all the kingdoms that oppressed you. 19 But today you have rejected your God who saves you from all your trouble and distress. You have said, “No![fp] Appoint a king over us.” Now take your positions before the Lord by your tribes and by your clans.’”
20 Then Samuel brought all the tribes of Israel near, and the tribe of Benjamin was chosen by lot. 21 Then he brought the tribe of Benjamin near by its families, and the family of Matri was chosen by lot. At last Saul son of Kish was chosen by lot. But when they looked for him, he was nowhere to be found. 22 So they inquired again of the Lord, “Has the man arrived here yet?” The Lord said, “He has hidden himself among the equipment.”[fq]
23 So they ran and brought him from there. When he took his position among the people, he stood head and shoulders above them all. 24 Then Samuel said to all the people, “Do you see the one whom the Lord has chosen? Indeed, there is no one like him among all the people.” All the people shouted out, “Long live the king!”
25 Then Samuel talked to the people about how the kingship would work.[fr] He wrote it all down on a scroll and set it before the Lord. Then Samuel sent all the people away to their homes. 26 Even Saul went to his home in Gibeah. With him went some brave men whose hearts God had touched. 27 But some wicked men[fs] said, “How can this man save us?” They despised him and did not even bring him a gift. But Saul said nothing about it.[ft]
Saul Comes to the Aid of Jabesh
11 [fu] Nahash[fv] the Ammonite marched[fw] against Jabesh Gilead. All the men of Jabesh Gilead said to Nahash, “Make a treaty with us and we will serve you.”
2 But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “The only way I will make a treaty with you is if you let me gouge out the right eye of every one of you and in so doing humiliate all Israel!”
3 The elders of Jabesh said to him, “Leave us alone for seven days so that we can send messengers throughout the territory of Israel. If there is no one who can deliver us, we will come out voluntarily to you.”
4 When the messengers went to Gibeah (where Saul lived)[fx] and informed the people of these matters, all the people wept loudly.[fy] 5 Now Saul was walking behind the[fz] oxen as he came from the field. Saul asked, “What has happened to the people? Why are they weeping?” So they told him about[ga] the men of Jabesh.
6 The Spirit of God rushed upon Saul when he heard these words, and he became very angry. 7 He took a pair[gb] of oxen and cut them up. Then he sent the pieces throughout the territory of Israel by the hand of messengers, who said, “Whoever does not go out after Saul and after Samuel should expect this to be done to his oxen!” Then the terror of the Lord fell on the people, and they went out as one army.[gc] 8 When Saul counted them at Bezek, the Israelites were 300,000 strong[gd] and the men of Judah numbered 30,000.
9 They said to the messengers who had come, “Here’s what you should say to the men of Jabesh Gilead: ‘Tomorrow deliverance will come to you when the sun is fully up.’” When the messengers went and told the men of Jabesh Gilead, they were happy. 10 The men of Jabesh said, “Tomorrow we will come out to you[ge] and you can do with us whatever you wish.”[gf]
11 The next day Saul placed the people in three groups. They went to the Ammonite camp during the morning watch and struck them[gg] down until the hottest part of the day. The survivors scattered; no two of them remained together.
Saul Is Established as King
12 Then the people said to Samuel, “Who were the ones asking, ‘Will Saul reign over us?’ Hand over those men so we may execute them!” 13 But Saul said, “No one will be killed on this day. For today the Lord has given Israel a victory!” 14 Samuel said to the people, “Come on! Let’s go to Gilgal and renew the kingship there.” 15 So all the people went to Gilgal, where[gh] they established Saul as king in the Lord’s presence. They offered up peace offerings there in the Lord’s presence. Saul and all the Israelites were very happy.
12 Samuel said to all Israel, “I have done[gi] everything you requested.[gj] I have given you a king.[gk] 2 Now look! This king walks before you. As for me, I am old and gray, and my sons are here with you. I have walked before you from the time of my youth till the present day. 3 Here I am. Bring a charge against me before the Lord and before his chosen king.[gl] Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I wronged? Whom have I oppressed? From whose hand have I taken a bribe so that I would overlook something? Tell me,[gm] and I will return it to you!”
4 They replied, “You have not wronged us or oppressed us. You have not taken anything from the hand of anyone.” 5 He said to them, “The Lord is witness against you, and his chosen king[gn] is witness this day, that you have not found any reason to accuse me.”[go] They said, “He is witness!”
6 Samuel said to the people, “The Lord is the one who chose Moses and Aaron and who brought your ancestors[gp] up from the land of Egypt. 7 Now take your positions, so I may confront you[gq] before the Lord regarding all the Lord’s just actions toward you and your ancestors.[gr] 8 When Jacob entered Egypt, your ancestors cried out to the Lord. The Lord sent Moses and Aaron, and they led your ancestors out of Egypt and settled them in this place.
9 “But they forgot the Lord their God, so he gave[gs] them into the hand of Sisera, the general in command of Hazor’s army,[gt] and into the hands of the Philistines and the king of Moab, and they fought against them. 10 Then they cried out to the Lord and admitted,[gu] ‘We have sinned, for we have forsaken the Lord and have served the Baals and the images of Ashtoreth.[gv] Now deliver us from the hands of our enemies so that we may serve you.’[gw] 11 So the Lord sent Jerub Baal,[gx] Barak,[gy] Jephthah, and Samuel,[gz] and he delivered you from the hands of the enemies all around you, and you were able to live securely.
12 “When you saw that King Nahash of the Ammonites was advancing against you, you said to me, ‘No! A king will rule over us’—even though the Lord your God is your king. 13 Now look! Here is the king you have chosen—the one that you asked for! Look, the Lord has given you a king. 14 If you fear the Lord, serving him and obeying him[ha] and not rebelling against what he says,[hb] and if both you and the king who rules over you follow the Lord your God, all will be well.[hc] 15 But if you don’t obey[hd] the Lord and rebel against what the Lord says, the hand of the Lord will be against both you and your king.[he]
16 “So now, take your positions and watch this great thing that the Lord is about to do in your sight. 17 Is this not the time of the wheat harvest? I will call on the Lord so that he makes it thunder and rain. Realize and see what a great sin you have committed before the Lord by asking for a king for yourselves.”
18 So Samuel called to the Lord, and the Lord made it thunder and rain that day. All the people were very afraid of both the Lord and Samuel. 19 All the people said to Samuel, “Pray to the Lord your God on behalf of us—your servants—so we won’t die, for we have added to all our sins by asking for a king.”[hf]
20 Then Samuel said to the people, “Don’t be afraid. You have indeed sinned.[hg] However, don’t turn aside from the Lord. Serve the Lord with all your heart. 21 You should not turn aside after empty things that can’t profit and can’t deliver, since they are empty.[hh] 22 The Lord will not abandon his people because he wants to uphold his great reputation.[hi] The Lord was pleased to make you his own people. 23 As far as I am concerned, far be it from me to sin against the Lord by ceasing to pray for you! I will instruct you in the way that is good and upright. 24 However, fear the Lord and serve him faithfully with all your heart. Just look at the great things he has done for you! 25 But if you continue to do evil, both you and your king will be swept away.”
Saul Fails the Lord
13 Saul was [thirty][hj] years old when he began to reign; he ruled over Israel for [forty][hk] years. 2 Saul selected for himself 3,000 men from Israel. Of these 2,000 were with Saul at Micmash and in the hill country of Bethel; the remaining 1,000 were with Jonathan at Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin.[hl] He sent all the rest of the people back home.[hm]
3 Jonathan attacked the Philistine outpost[hn] that was at Geba and the Philistines heard about it. Then Saul alerted[ho] all the land saying, “Let the Hebrews pay attention!” 4 All Israel heard this message,[hp] “Saul has attacked the Philistine outpost, and now Israel is repulsive[hq] to the Philistines!” So the people were summoned to join[hr] Saul at Gilgal.
5 Meanwhile the Philistines gathered to battle with Israel. Then they went up against Israel[hs] with 3,000 chariots,[ht] 6,000 horsemen, and an army as numerous as the sand on the seashore. They went up and camped at Micmash, east of Beth Aven. 6 The men of Israel realized they had a problem because their army was hard pressed. So the army hid in caves, thickets, cliffs, strongholds,[hu] and cisterns. 7 Some of the Hebrews crossed over the Jordan River[hv] to the land of Gad and Gilead. But Saul stayed at Gilgal; the entire army that was with him was terrified. 8 He waited for seven days, the time period indicated by Samuel.[hw] But Samuel did not come to Gilgal, and the army began to abandon Saul.[hx]
9 So Saul said, “Bring me the burnt offering and the peace offerings.” Then he offered a burnt offering. 10 Just when he had finished offering the burnt offering, Samuel appeared on the scene. Saul went out to meet him and to greet him.[hy]
11 But Samuel said, “What have you done?” Saul replied, “When I saw that the army had started to abandon me,[hz] and that you didn’t come at the appointed time, and that the Philistines had assembled at Micmash, 12 I thought,[ia] ‘Now the Philistines will come down on me at Gilgal and I have not sought the Lord’s favor.’ So I felt obligated[ib] to offer the burnt offering.”
13 Then Samuel said to Saul, “You have made a foolish choice! You have not obeyed[ic] the commandment that the Lord your God gave[id] you. Had you done that, the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. 14 But now your kingdom will not continue. The Lord has sought out[ie] for himself a man who is loyal to him,[if] and the Lord has appointed[ig] him to be leader over his people, for you have not obeyed what the Lord commanded you.”
15 Then Samuel set out and went up from Gilgal[ih] to Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin.[ii] Saul mustered the army that remained with him; there were about 600 men. 16 Saul, his son Jonathan, and the army that remained with them stayed in Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin, while the Philistines camped in Micmash.[ij] 17 Raiding bands went out from the camp of the Philistines in three groups. One band turned toward the road leading to Ophrah by the land of Shual; 18 another band turned toward the road leading to Beth Horon; and yet another band turned toward the road leading to the border that overlooks the valley of Zeboyim in the direction of the desert.
19 A blacksmith could not be found in all the land of Israel, for the Philistines had said, “This will prevent the Hebrews from making swords and spears.” 20 So all Israel had to go down to the Philistines in order to get their plowshares, cutting instruments, axes, and sickles[ik] sharpened. 21 They charged[il] two-thirds of a shekel[im] to sharpen plowshares and cutting instruments, and one-third of a shekel[in] to sharpen picks and axes, and to set ox goads. 22 So on the day of the battle no sword or spear was to be found in the hand of anyone in the army that was with Saul and Jonathan. No one but Saul and his son Jonathan had them.
Jonathan Ignites a Battle
23 A garrison of the Philistines had gone out to the pass at Micmash.
14 Then one day Jonathan son of Saul said to his armor-bearer,[io] “Come on, let’s go over to the Philistine garrison that is opposite us.” But he did not let his father know.
2 Now Saul was sitting under a pomegranate tree in Migron, on the outskirts of Gibeah. The army that was with him numbered about 600 men. 3 Now Ahijah was carrying[ip] an ephod. He was the son of Ahitub, who was the brother of Ichabod and a son of Phinehas, son of Eli, the priest of the Lord in Shiloh. The army was unaware that Jonathan had left.
4 Now there was a steep cliff on each side of the pass through which Jonathan intended to go to reach the Philistine garrison. One cliff was named Bozez, the other Seneh. 5 The cliff to the north was closer to Micmash, the one to the south closer to Geba.
6 Jonathan said to his armor-bearer, “Come on, let’s go over to the garrison of these uncircumcised men. Perhaps the Lord will intervene[iq] for us. Nothing can prevent the Lord from delivering, whether by many or by a few.” 7 His armor-bearer said to him, “Do everything that is on your mind.[ir] Do as you’re inclined. I’m with you all the way!”[is]
8 Jonathan replied, “All right.[it] We’ll go over to these men and fight them. 9 If they say to us, ‘Stay put until we approach you,’ we will stay[iu] right there and not go up to them. 10 But if they say, ‘Come up against us,’ we will go up. For in that case the Lord has given them into our hand—it will be a sign to us.”
11 When they[iv] made themselves known to the Philistine garrison, the Philistines said, “Look! The Hebrews are coming out of the holes in which they hid themselves.” 12 Then the men of the garrison said to Jonathan and his armor-bearer, “Come on up to us so we can teach you a thing or two!”[iw] Then Jonathan said to his armor-bearer, “Come up behind me, for the Lord has given[ix] them into the hand of Israel!”
13 Jonathan crawled up on his hands and feet, with his armor-bearer following behind him. Jonathan struck down the Philistines,[iy] while his armor-bearer came along behind him and killed them.[iz] 14 In this initial skirmish Jonathan and his armor-bearer struck down about twenty men in an area that measured half an acre.
15 Then fear overwhelmed[ja] those who were in the camp, those who were in the field, all the army in the garrison, and the raiding bands. They trembled and the ground shook. This fear was caused by God.[jb]
16 Saul’s watchmen at Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin[jc] looked on[jd] as the crowd of soldiers seemed to melt away first in one direction and then in another.[je] 17 So Saul said to the army that was with him, “Muster the troops and see who is no longer with us.” When they mustered the troops,[jf] Jonathan and his armor-bearer were not there. 18 So Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring near the ephod,”[jg] for he was at that time wearing the ephod in front of the Israelites.[jh] 19 While[ji] Saul spoke to the priest, the panic in the Philistines’ camp was becoming greater and greater. So Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.”
20 Saul and all the army assembled and marched into battle, where they found[jj] the Philistines in total panic killing one another with their swords.[jk] 21 The Hebrews who had earlier gone over to the Philistine side[jl] joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22 When all the Israelites who had hidden themselves in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines had fled, they too pursued them in battle. 23 So the Lord delivered Israel that day, and the battle shifted over to Beth Aven.[jm]
Jonathan Violates Saul’s Oath
24 Now the men of Israel were hard pressed that day, for Saul had made the army agree to this oath: “Cursed be the man who eats food before evening. I will get my vengeance on my enemies!” So no one in the army ate anything.
25 Now the whole army[jn] entered the forest, and there was honey on the ground.[jo] 26 When the army entered the forest, they saw[jp] the honey flowing, but no one ate any of it,[jq] for the army was afraid of the oath. 27 But Jonathan had not heard about the oath his father had made the army take. He extended the end of his staff that was in his hand and dipped it in the honeycomb. When he ate it,[jr] his eyes gleamed.[js] 28 Then someone from the army informed him, “Your father put the army under a strict oath[jt] saying, ‘Cursed be the man who eats food today.’ That is why the army is tired.” 29 Then Jonathan said, “My father has caused trouble for the land. See how my eyes gleamed[ju] when I tasted just a little of this honey. 30 Certainly if the army had eaten some of the enemies’ provisions that they came across today, would not the slaughter of the Philistines have been even greater?”
31 On that day the army struck down the Philistines from Micmash to Aijalon, and they became very tired. 32 So the army rushed greedily on[jv] the[jw] plunder, confiscating sheep, cattle, and calves. They slaughtered them right on the ground, and the army ate them, blood and all.
33 Now it was reported to Saul, “Look, the army is sinning against the Lord by eating even the blood.” He said, “All of you have broken the covenant![jx] Roll a large stone over here[jy] to me.” 34 Then Saul said, “Scatter out among the army and say to them, ‘Each of you bring to me your ox and sheep and slaughter them in this spot and eat. But don’t sin against the Lord by eating the blood.” So that night each one brought his ox and slaughtered it there.[jz] 35 Then Saul built an altar for the Lord; it was the first time he had built an altar for the Lord.
36 Saul said, “Let’s go down after the Philistines at night; we will rout[ka] them until the break of day.[kb] We won’t leave any of them alive!”[kc] They replied, “Do whatever seems best to you.”[kd] But the priest said, “Let’s approach God here.” 37 So Saul asked God, “Should I go down after the Philistines? Will you deliver them into the hand of Israel?” But he did not answer him that day.
38 Then Saul said, “All you leaders of the army come here. Find out[ke] how this sin occurred today. 39 For as surely as the Lord, the deliverer of Israel, lives, even if it turns out to be my own son Jonathan, he will certainly die!” But no one from the army said anything.[kf]
40 Then he said to all Israel, “You will be on one side, and I and my son Jonathan will be on the other side.” The army replied to Saul, “Do whatever you think is best.”
41 Then Saul said, “O Lord God of Israel! If this sin has been committed by me or by my son Jonathan, then, O Lord God of Israel, respond with Urim. But if this sin has been committed by your people Israel, respond with Thummim.”[kg] Then Jonathan and Saul were indicated by lot, while the army was exonerated.[kh] 42 Then Saul said, “Cast the lot between me and my son Jonathan!”[ki] Jonathan was indicated by lot.
43 So Saul said to Jonathan, “Tell me what you have done.” Jonathan told him, “I used the end of the staff that was in my hand to taste a little honey. I must die!”[kj] 44 Saul said, “God will punish me severely if Jonathan doesn’t die!”[kk]
45 But the army said to Saul, “Should Jonathan, who won this great victory in Israel, die? May it never be! As surely as the Lord lives, not a single hair of his head will fall to the ground, for it is with the help of God that he has acted today.” So the army rescued Jonathan from death.[kl]
46 Then Saul stopped chasing the Philistines, and the Philistines went back home.[km] 47 After Saul had secured his royal position over Israel, he fought against all their[kn] enemies on all sides—the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. In every direction that he turned, he was victorious.[ko] 48 He fought bravely, striking down the Amalekites and delivering Israel from the hand of its enemies.[kp]
Members of Saul’s Family
49 The sons of Saul were Jonathan, Ishvi, and Malki-Shua.[kq] He had two daughters; the older one was named Merab and the younger Michal. 50 The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam, the daughter of Ahimaaz. The name of the general in command of his army was Abner son of Ner, Saul’s uncle.[kr] 51 Kish was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner was the son[ks] of Abiel.
52 There was fierce war with the Philistines all the days of Saul. So whenever Saul saw anyone who was a warrior or a brave individual, he would conscript him.
Saul Is Rejected as King
15 Then Samuel said to Saul, “I was the one the Lord sent to anoint you as king over his people Israel. Now listen to what the Lord says.[kt] 2 Here is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has said: ‘I carefully observed how the Amalekites opposed[ku] Israel along the way when Israel[kv] came up from Egypt. 3 So go now and strike down the Amalekites. Destroy everything they have. Don’t spare[kw] them. Put them to death—man, woman, child, infant, ox, sheep, camel, and donkey alike.’”
4 So Saul assembled[kx] the army[ky] and mustered them at Telaim. There were 200,000 foot soldiers and 10,000 men of Judah. 5 Saul proceeded to the city[kz] of Amalek, where he set an ambush[la] in the wadi.[lb] 6 Saul said to the Kenites, “Go on and leave! Go down from among the Amalekites. Otherwise I will sweep you away[lc] with them. After all, you were kind to all the Israelites when they came up from Egypt.” So the Kenites withdrew from among the Amalekites.
7 Then Saul struck down the Amalekites all the way from Havilah to[ld] Shur, which is next to Egypt. 8 He captured King Agag of the Amalekites alive, but he executed all Agag’s people[le] with the sword. 9 However, Saul and the army spared Agag, along with the best of the flock, the cattle, the fatlings,[lf] and the lambs, as well as everything else that was of value.[lg] They were not willing to slaughter them. But they did slaughter everything that was despised[lh] and worthless.
10 Then the Lord’s message came to Samuel: 11 “I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from me and has not done what I told him to do.” Samuel became angry and he cried out to the Lord all that night.
12 Then Samuel got up early to meet Saul the next morning. But Samuel was informed, “Saul has gone to Carmel where[li] he is setting up a monument for himself.” Then Samuel left[lj] and went down to Gilgal.[lk] 13 When Samuel came to Saul, Saul said to him, “May the Lord bless you! I have fulfilled the Lord’s orders.”[ll]
14 Samuel replied, “If that is the case,[lm] then what is this sound of sheep in my ears and the sound of cattle that I hear?” 15 Saul said, “They were brought[ln] from the Amalekites; the army spared the best of the flocks and cattle to sacrifice to the Lord our God. But everything else we slaughtered.”
16 Then Samuel said to Saul, “Wait a minute![lo] Let me tell you what the Lord said to me last night.” Saul[lp] said to him, “Tell me.” 17 Samuel said, “Is it not true that when you were insignificant in your own eyes, you became head of the tribes of Israel? The Lord chose[lq] you as king over Israel. 18 The Lord sent you on a campaign[lr] saying, ‘Go and exterminate those sinful Amalekites! Fight against them until you[ls] have destroyed them.’ 19 Why haven’t you obeyed[lt] the Lord? Instead you have greedily rushed upon the plunder! You have done what is wrong in the Lord’s estimation.”[lu]
20 Then Saul said to Samuel, “But I have obeyed[lv] the Lord! I went on the campaign[lw] the Lord sent me on. I brought back King Agag of the Amalekites after exterminating the Amalekites. 21 But the army took from the plunder some of the sheep and cattle—the best of what was to be slaughtered—to sacrifice to the Lord your God in Gilgal.”
22 Then Samuel said,
“Does the Lord take pleasure in burnt offerings and sacrifices
as much as he does in obedience?[lx]
Certainly,[ly] obedience[lz] is better than sacrifice;
paying attention is better than[ma] the fat of rams.
23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination,
and presumption is like the evil of idolatry.
Because you have rejected the Lord’s orders,[mb]
he has rejected you from being king.”
24 Then Saul said to Samuel, “I have sinned, for I have disobeyed what the Lord commanded[mc] and your words as well. For I was afraid of the army,[md] and I obeyed their voice. 25 Now please forgive my sin. Go back with me so I can worship the Lord.”
26 Samuel said to Saul, “I will not go back with you, for you have rejected the Lord’s orders,[me] and the Lord has rejected you from being king over Israel!”
27 When Samuel turned to leave, Saul[mf] grabbed the edge of his robe and it tore. 28 Samuel said to him, “The Lord has torn the kingdom of Israel from you this day and has given it to one of your colleagues who is better than you! 29 The Preeminent One[mg] of Israel does not go back on his word[mh] or change his mind, for he is not a human being who changes his mind.”[mi] 30 Saul[mj] again replied, “I have sinned. But please honor me before the elders of my people and before Israel. Go back with me so I may worship the Lord your God.” 31 So Samuel followed Saul back, and Saul worshiped the Lord.
Samuel Puts Agag to Death
32 Then Samuel said, “Bring me King Agag of the Amalekites.” So Agag came to him trembling,[mk] thinking to himself,[ml] “Surely death is bitter!”[mm] 33 Samuel said, “Just as your sword left women childless, so your mother will be the most bereaved[mn] among women.” Then Samuel hacked Agag to pieces there in Gilgal before the Lord.
34 Then Samuel went to Ramah, while Saul went up to his home in Gibeah of Saul. 35 Until the day he[mo] died, Samuel did not see Saul again. Samuel did, however, mourn for Saul, but the Lord regretted that he had made Saul king over Israel.
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