Historical
The Priests’ Garments
28 “Now as for you, (A)bring near to yourself Aaron your brother, and his sons with him, from among the sons of Israel, to minister as priests to Me—Aaron, (B)Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s sons. 2 You shall make (C)holy garments for Aaron your brother, for glory and for beauty. 3 You shall speak to all those [a](D)wise at heart (E)whom I have filled with [b]the spirit of wisdom, that they make Aaron’s garments to set him apart as holy, in order for him to minister as priest to Me. 4 These are the garments which they shall make: a [c](F)breastpiece and an ephod and a robe and a tunic of checkered work, a turban and a sash, and they shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother and his sons, in order for him to minister as priest to Me. 5 They shall take (G)the gold and the [d]blue and the purple and the scarlet material and the fine linen.
6 “They shall also make (H)the ephod of gold, of [e]blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen, the work of the skillful designer. 7 It shall have two shoulder pieces joined to its two ends, that it may be joined. 8 The skillfully woven band, which is on it, shall be like its workmanship, [f]of the same material: of gold, of [g]blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen. 9 You shall take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel, 10 six of their names on the one stone and the names of the remaining six on the second stone, according to their birth. 11 [h]As a jeweler engraves a signet, you shall engrave the two stones according to the names of the sons of Israel; you shall set them all around in filigree settings of gold. 12 You shall put the two stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod, as stones of remembrance for the sons of Israel, and Aaron shall (I)bear their names before Yahweh on his two shoulders (J)for remembrance. 13 (K)You shall make filigree settings of gold, 14 and two chains of pure gold; you shall make them a twisted work of cords, and you shall put the chains of cords on the filigree settings.
15 “(L)You shall make a [i]breastpiece of judgment, the work of a skillful designer; like the work of the ephod you shall make it: of gold, of [j]blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen you shall make it. 16 It shall be square, having been folded double, a [k]span [l]in length and a [m]span in width. 17 You shall [n]mount on it four rows of stones; the first row shall be a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald; 18 and the second row a turquoise, a sapphire, and a diamond; 19 and the third row a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; 20 and the fourth row a beryl and an onyx and a jasper; they shall be [o]set in gold settings. 21 The stones shall be according to the names of the sons of Israel: twelve, according to their names; they shall be like the engravings of a signet, each (M)according to his name for the twelve tribes. 22 You shall make on the [p]breastpiece chains of a twisted work of cords in pure gold. 23 You shall make on the breastpiece two rings of gold, and you shall put the two rings on the two ends of the breastpiece. 24 You shall put the two cords of gold on the two rings at the ends of the breastpiece. 25 You shall put the two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings, and you shall put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it. 26 You shall make two rings of gold and shall place them on the two ends of the breastpiece, on the edge of it, which is toward the inner side of the ephod. 27 You shall make two rings of gold and put them on the bottom of the two shoulder pieces of the ephod, on the front of it close to the place where it is joined, above the skillfully woven band of the ephod. 28 They shall bind the breastpiece by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a [q]blue cord, so that it will be on the skillfully woven band of the ephod, and that the breastpiece will not come loose from the ephod. 29 Aaron shall carry the names of the sons of Israel in the breastpiece of judgment over his heart when he comes into the holy place, for a remembrance before Yahweh continually. 30 (N)You shall put in the breastpiece of judgment the [r](O)Urim and the Thummim, and they shall be over Aaron’s heart when he comes in before Yahweh; and Aaron shall carry the judgment of the sons of Israel over his heart before Yahweh continually.
31 “(P)You shall make the robe of the ephod entirely of [s]blue. 32 There shall be an opening [t]at its top in the middle of it; around the edge of its opening there shall be a binding of woven work, like the opening of a coat of mail, so that it will not be torn. 33 You shall make on its hem pomegranates of blue and purple and scarlet material, all around on its hem, and bells of gold between them all around: 34 a golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, all around on the hem of the robe. 35 It shall be on Aaron [u]when he ministers; and its sound shall be heard when he comes into the holy place before Yahweh and when he goes out, so that he will not die.
36 “You shall also make (Q)a plate of pure gold and shall engrave on it, like the engravings of a signet, ‘(R)Holy to Yahweh.’ 37 You shall [v]fasten it on a [w]blue cord, and it shall be on the turban; it shall be at the front of the turban. 38 It shall be on Aaron’s forehead, and Aaron shall [x](S)take away the iniquity of the holy things which the sons of Israel set apart as holy, with regard to all their holy gifts; and it shall continually be on his forehead, that (T)they may be accepted before Yahweh.
39 “You shall weave (U)the tunic of checkered work of fine linen, and you shall make a turban of fine linen, and you shall make a sash, the work of a [y]weaver.
40 “For Aaron’s sons you shall make (V)tunics; you shall also make sashes for them, and you shall make [z](W)caps for them, for glory and for beauty. 41 You shall put them on Aaron your brother and on his sons with him; and you shall (X)anoint them and [aa]ordain them and set them apart as holy, that they may minister to Me as priests. 42 You shall make for them (Y)linen undergarments to cover their bare flesh; they shall [ab]reach from the loins even to the thighs. 43 They shall be on Aaron and on his sons when they come into the tent of meeting or (Z)when they approach the altar to minister in the holy place, so that they do not incur [ac]guilt and die. (AA)It shall be a perpetual statute to him and to his seed after him.
Setting Apart the Priests
29 “(AB)Now this is [ad]what you shall do to them to set them apart as holy to minister as priests to Me: take one bull from the herd and two rams without blemish, 2 and (AC)unleavened bread and unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers [ae]spread with oil; you shall make them of fine wheat flour. 3 And you shall put them in one basket and bring them near in the basket along with the bull and the two rams. 4 Then (AD)you shall bring Aaron and his sons near to the doorway of the tent of meeting and wash them with water. 5 And you shall take the garments, and put on Aaron the (AE)tunic and (AF)the robe of the ephod and (AG)the ephod and (AH)the [af]breastpiece, and gird him with the skillfully (AI)woven band of the ephod; 6 and you shall set the (AJ)turban on his head and put (AK)the holy crown on the turban. 7 Then you shall take (AL)the anointing oil and pour it on his head and anoint him. 8 And you shall bring his sons near and put (AM)tunics on them. 9 You shall gird them with (AN)sashes, Aaron and his sons, and bind [ag]caps on them, and they shall have (AO)the priesthood by a perpetual statute. So you shall [ah](AP)ordain Aaron and his sons.
Slaughtering the Offerings
10 “Then you shall bring the bull near before the tent of meeting, and Aaron and his sons shall (AQ)lay their hands on the head of the bull. 11 You shall slaughter the bull before Yahweh at the doorway of the tent of meeting. 12 You shall (AR)take some of the blood of the bull and put it on (AS)the horns of the altar with your finger; and you shall pour out all the blood at the base of the altar. 13 You shall (AT)take all the fat that covers the entrails and the [ai]lobe of the liver and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, and you shall offer them up in smoke on the altar. 14 But (AU)the flesh of the bull and its hide and its refuse, you shall burn with fire outside the camp; it is a sin offering.
15 “(AV)You shall also take the one ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram; 16 and you shall slaughter the ram, and you shall take its blood and splash it around on the altar. 17 Then you shall cut the ram into its pieces, and wash its entrails and its legs, and put them [aj]with its pieces and [ak]its head. 18 You shall offer up in smoke the whole ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering to Yahweh: (AW)it is a soothing aroma, an offering by fire to Yahweh.
19 “Then (AX)you shall take the second ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram. 20 You shall slaughter the ram, and take some of its blood and put it on the lobe of Aaron’s right ear and on the lobes of his sons’ right ears and on the thumbs of their right hands and on the big toes of their right feet, and splash the rest of the blood around on the altar. 21 Then you shall take some of the blood that is on the altar and some of the (AY)anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aaron and on his garments and on his sons and on his sons’ garments with him; so he and his garments shall be set apart as holy, as well as his sons and his sons’ garments with him.
22 “You shall also take the fat from the ram and the fat tail and the fat that covers the entrails and the [al]lobe of the liver and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them and the right thigh (for it is a ram of [am]ordination), 23 and one cake of bread and (AZ)one cake of bread mixed with oil and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread which is set before Yahweh; 24 and you shall put [an]all these [ao]in the [ap]hands of Aaron and [aq]in the [ar]hands of his sons, and you shall wave them as a wave offering before Yahweh. 25 (BA)You shall take them from their hands and offer them up in smoke on the altar on the burnt offering for a soothing aroma before Yahweh; it is an offering by fire to Yahweh.
26 “Then you shall take (BB)the breast of Aaron’s ram of [as]ordination and wave it as a wave offering before Yahweh; and it shall be your portion. 27 You shall set apart as holy the breast of the wave offering and the thigh of the [at]contribution offering which was waved and which was [au]raised up as a contribution from the ram of [av]ordination, from the one which was for Aaron and from the one which was for his sons. 28 It shall be for Aaron and his sons as a perpetual statute from the sons of Israel, for it is a [aw]contribution offering; and it shall be a [ax]contribution offering from the sons of Israel from the sacrifices of their peace offerings, even their [ay]contribution offering to Yahweh.
29 “(BC)The holy garments of Aaron shall be for his sons after him, [az]that in them they may be anointed and ordained. 30 For seven days the one of his sons who is priest in his stead shall put them on when he comes into the tent of meeting to minister in the holy place.
Yahweh Will Meet and Speak to Israel
31 “You shall take the ram of [ba]ordination and (BD)boil its flesh in a holy place. 32 Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram and the bread that is in the basket, at the doorway of the tent of meeting. 33 Thus (BE)they shall eat [bb]those things by which atonement was made [bc]to ordain them, [bd]to set them apart as holy; but a [be](BF)layman shall not eat them, because they are holy. 34 (BG)If any of the flesh of [bf]ordination or any of the bread remains until morning, then you shall burn the remainder with fire; it shall not be eaten, because it is holy.
35 “Thus you shall do to Aaron and to his sons, according to all that I have commanded you; you shall [bg]ordain them through (BH)seven days. 36 (BI)Each day you shall offer a bull as a sin offering for atonement, and you shall [bh]purify the altar when you make atonement [bi]for it, and (BJ)you shall anoint it to set it apart as holy. 37 For seven days you shall make atonement [bj]for the altar and set it apart as holy; then (BK)the altar shall be most holy, and whatever touches the altar shall be holy.
38 “Now (BL)this is what you shall offer on the altar: two one year old lambs each day, continuously. 39 The (BM)one lamb you shall offer in the morning, and the second lamb you shall offer [bk]at twilight; 40 and there shall be [bl]one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with one-fourth of a [bm]hin of beaten oil, and one-fourth of a hin of wine for a drink offering with the one lamb. 41 The second lamb you shall offer [bn]at twilight, and you shall offer with it [bo]the same grain offering and [bp]the same drink offering as in the morning, for a soothing aroma, an offering by fire to Yahweh. 42 It shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the doorway of the tent of meeting before Yahweh, (BN)where I will meet with you, to speak to you there. 43 I will meet there with the sons of Israel, and it shall be set apart as holy by My glory. 44 I will set the tent of meeting and the altar apart as holy; I will also set Aaron and his sons apart as holy to minister as priests to Me. 45 (BO)I will dwell among the sons of Israel and will be their God. 46 They shall know that (BP)I am Yahweh their God who brought them out of the land of Egypt, that I might dwell among them; I am Yahweh their God.
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