1:14 Rabbah. A short form of the fuller reference, “Rabbah of the Ammonites” (Deut. 3:11; 2 Sam. 12:26). This location is the modern Amman, in Jordan.

tempest . . . whirlwind. In Scripture, the figure of a violent and destructive storm is often used for the tumult of battle, as well as for the anger of God, or indeed for both at once (Ps. 83:15; Is. 5:28; 17:13; 29:6; 66:15; Jer. 4:13; 23:19; 25:32).