¹⁴ Nevertheless, death reigned from the time of Adam to the time of Moses, even over those who did not sin by breaking a command, as did Adam,^(A) who is a pattern of the one to come.^(B)

¹⁵ But the gift is not like the trespass. For if the many died by the trespass of the one man,^(C) how much more did God’s grace and the gift that came by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ,^(D) overflow to the many! ¹⁶ Nor can the gift of God be compared with the result of one man’s sin: The judgment followed one sin and brought condemnation, but the gift followed many trespasses and brought justification. ¹⁷ For if, by the trespass of the one man, death^(E) reigned through that one man, how much more will those who receive God’s abundant provision of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life^(F) through the one man, Jesus Christ!

¹⁸ Consequently, just as one trespass resulted in condemnation for all people,^(G) so also one righteous act resulted in justification^(H) and life^(I) for all people. ¹⁹ For just as through the disobedience of the one man^(J) the many were made sinners,^(K) so also through the obedience^(L) of the one man the many will be made righteous.

²⁰ The law was brought in so that the trespass might increase.^(M) But where sin increased, grace increased all the more,^{(N) 21} so that, just as sin reigned in death,^(O) so also grace^(P) might reign through righteousness to bring eternal life^(Q) through Jesus Christ our Lord.

¹⁷ If some of the branches have been broken off,^(A) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others^(B) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, ¹⁸ do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.^{(C) 19} You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” ²⁰ Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.^(D) Do not be arrogant,^(E) but tremble.^{(F) 21} For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.

²² Consider therefore the kindness^(G) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue^(H) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.^{(I) 23} And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.^{(J) 24} After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,^(K) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!

All Israel Will Be Saved

²⁵ I do not want you to be ignorant^(L) of this mystery,^(M) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:^(N) Israel has experienced a hardening^(O) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,^{(P) 26} and in this way^[a] all Israel will be saved.^(Q) As it is written:

²⁸ As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies^(S) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,^{(T) 29} for God’s gifts and his call^(U) are irrevocable.^{(V) 30} Just as you who were at one time disobedient^(W) to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience, ³¹ so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now^[d] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you. ³² For God has bound everyone over to disobedience^(X) so that he may have mercy on them all.