Footnotes

1. Revelation 14:10 tn Grk “he himself.”
2. Revelation 14:10 tn The Greek word for “anger” here is θυμός (thumos), a wordplay on the “passion” (θυμός) of the personified city of Babylon in 14:8.
3. Revelation 14:10 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”
4. Revelation 14:11 tn The Greek pronoun is plural here even though the verbs in the previous verse are singular.
5. Revelation 14:11 tn The present tense ἀναβαίνει (anabainei) has been translated as a futuristic present (ExSyn 535-36). This is also consistent with the future passive βασανισθήσεται (basanisthēsetai) in v. 10.
6. Revelation 14:11 tn The present tense ἔχουσιν (echousin) has been translated as a futuristic present to keep the English tense consistent with the previous verb (see note on “will go up” earlier in this verse).
7. Revelation 14:11 tn Grk “and.”
8. Revelation 14:12 tn Grk “Here is.”
9. Revelation 14:12 tn Or “the perseverance.”
10. Revelation 14:12 tn Grk “who keep.”
11. Revelation 14:12 tn The words “hold to” are implied as a repetition of the participle translated “keep” (οἱ τηροῦντες, hoi tērountes).
12. Revelation 14:12 tn Grk “faith of Jesus.” The construction may mean either “faith in Jesus” or “faithful to Jesus.” Either translation implies that ᾿Ιησοῦ (Iēsou) is to be taken as an objective genitive; the difference is more lexical than grammatical because πίστις (pistis) can mean either “faith” or “faithfulness.”