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Parabole du festin des noces

22 Jésus, prenant la parole, leur parla de nouveau en paraboles, et il dit:

Le royaume des cieux est semblable à un roi qui fit des noces pour son fils. Il envoya ses serviteurs appeler ceux qui étaient invités aux noces; mais ils ne voulurent pas venir. Il envoya encore d’autres serviteurs, en disant: Dites aux conviés: Voici, j’ai préparé mon festin; mes bœufs et mes bêtes grasses sont tués, tout est prêt, venez aux noces. Mais, sans s’inquiéter de l’invitation, ils s’en allèrent, celui-ci à son champ, celui-là à son trafic; et les autres se saisirent des serviteurs, les outragèrent et les tuèrent. Le roi fut irrité; il envoya ses troupes, fit périr ces meurtriers, et brûla leur ville. Alors il dit à ses serviteurs: Les noces sont prêtes; mais les conviés n’en étaient pas dignes. Allez donc dans les carrefours, et appelez aux noces tous ceux que vous trouverez. 10 Ces serviteurs allèrent dans les chemins, rassemblèrent tous ceux qu’ils trouvèrent, méchants et bons, et la salle des noces fut pleine de convives. 11 Le roi entra pour voir ceux qui étaient à table, et il aperçut là un homme qui n’avait pas revêtu un habit de noces. 12 Il lui dit: Mon ami, comment es-tu entré ici sans avoir un habit de noces? Cet homme eut la bouche fermée. 13 Alors le roi dit aux serviteurs: Liez-lui les pieds et les mains, et jetez-le dans les ténèbres du dehors, où il y aura des pleurs et des grincements de dents. 14 Car il y a beaucoup d’appelés, mais peu d’élus.

Le tribut à César

15 Alors les pharisiens allèrent se consulter sur les moyens de surprendre Jésus par ses propres paroles.

16 Ils envoyèrent auprès de lui leurs disciples avec les hérodiens, qui dirent: Maître, nous savons que tu es vrai, et que tu enseignes la voie de Dieu selon la vérité, sans t’inquiéter de personne, car tu ne regardes pas à l’apparence des hommes. 17 Dis-nous donc ce qu’il t’en semble: est-il permis, ou non, de payer le tribut[a] à César? 18 Jésus, connaissant leur méchanceté, répondit: Pourquoi me tentez-vous, hypocrites? 19 Montrez-moi la monnaie avec laquelle on paie le tribut. Et ils lui présentèrent un denier. 20 Il leur demanda: De qui porte-t-il l’effigie et l’inscription? 21 De César, lui répondirent-ils. Alors il leur dit: Rendez donc à César ce qui est à César, et à Dieu ce qui est à Dieu. 22 Etonnés de ce qu’ils entendaient, ils le quittèrent, et s’en allèrent.

Preuves de la résurrection

23 Le même jour, les sadducéens, qui disent qu’il n’y a point de résurrection, vinrent auprès de Jésus, et lui posèrent cette question: 24 Maître, Moïse a dit: Si quelqu’un meurt sans enfants, son frère épousera sa veuve, et suscitera une postérité à son frère[b]. 25 Or, il y avait parmi nous sept frères. Le premier se maria, et mourut; et, comme il n’avait pas d’enfants, il laissa sa femme à son frère. 26 Il en fut de même du second, puis du troisième, jusqu’au septième. 27 Après eux tous, la femme mourut aussi. 28 A la résurrection, duquel des sept sera-t-elle donc la femme? Car tous l’ont eue. 29 Jésus leur répondit: Vous êtes dans l’erreur, parce que vous ne comprenez ni les Ecritures, ni la puissance de Dieu. 30 Car, à la résurrection, les hommes ne prendront point de femmes, ni les femmes de maris, mais ils seront comme les anges de Dieu dans le ciel. 31 Pour ce qui est de la résurrection des morts, n’avez-vous pas lu ce que Dieu vous a dit: 32 Je suis le Dieu d’Abraham, le Dieu d’Isaac, et le Dieu de Jacob[c]? Dieu n’est pas le Dieu des morts, mais des vivants. 33 La foule, qui écoutait, fut frappée de l’enseignement de Jésus.

Le plus grand commandement

34 Les pharisiens, ayant appris qu’il avait réduit au silence les sadducéens, se rassemblèrent, 35 et l’un d’eux, docteur de la loi, lui posa cette question, pour l’éprouver: 36 Maître, quel est le plus grand commandement de la loi? 37 Jésus lui répondit: Tu aimeras le Seigneur, ton Dieu, de tout ton cœur, de toute ton âme, et de toute ta pensée[d]. 38 C’est le premier et le plus grand commandement. 39 Et voici le second, qui lui est semblable: Tu aimeras ton prochain comme toi-même[e]. 40 De ces deux commandements dépendent toute la loi et les prophètes.

Jésus interroge les pharisiens

41 Comme les pharisiens étaient assemblés, Jésus les interrogea, 42 en disant: Que pensez-vous du Christ? De qui est-il le fils? Ils lui répondirent: De David. 43 Et Jésus leur dit: Comment donc David, animé par l’Esprit, l’appelle-t-il Seigneur, lorsqu’il dit:

44 Le Seigneur a dit à mon Seigneur:
Assieds-toi à ma droite,
Jusqu’à ce que je fasse de tes ennemis ton marchepied[f]?

45 Si donc David l’appelle Seigneur, comment est-il son fils? 46 Nul ne put lui répondre un mot. Et, depuis ce jour, personne n’osa plus lui proposer des questions.

Footnotes

  1. Matthieu 22:17 Le tribut, imposé par les Romains sous la dépendance desquels se trouvaient les Juifs
  2. Matthieu 22:24 + De 25:5-6
  3. Matthieu 22:32 + Ex 3:6
  4. Matthieu 22:37 + De 6:5
  5. Matthieu 22:39 + Lé 19:18
  6. Matthieu 22:44 + Ps 110:1

22 And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said,

The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son,

And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.

Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.

But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:

And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.

But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city.

Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.

Go ye therefore into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage.

10 So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests.

11 And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:

12 And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

13 Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness, there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

14 For many are called, but few are chosen.

15 Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.

16 And they sent out unto him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, Master, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, neither carest thou for any man: for thou regardest not the person of men.

17 Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not?

18 But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?

19 Shew me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a penny.

20 And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?

21 They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's.

22 When they had heard these words, they marvelled, and left him, and went their way.

23 The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,

24 Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

25 Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

26 Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.

27 And last of all the woman died also.

28 Therefore in the resurrection whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.

29 Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.

30 For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.

31 But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,

32 I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.

33 And when the multitude heard this, they were astonished at his doctrine.

34 But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.

35 Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,

36 Master, which is the great commandment in the law?

37 Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.

38 This is the first and great commandment.

39 And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

40 On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.

41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,

42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The son of David.

43 He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,

44 The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?

45 If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?

46 And no man was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.

The Parable of the Wedding Banquet(A)

22 Jesus spoke to them again in parables, saying: “The kingdom of heaven is like(B) a king who prepared a wedding banquet for his son. He sent his servants(C) to those who had been invited to the banquet to tell them to come, but they refused to come.

“Then he sent some more servants(D) and said, ‘Tell those who have been invited that I have prepared my dinner: My oxen and fattened cattle have been butchered, and everything is ready. Come to the wedding banquet.’

“But they paid no attention and went off—one to his field, another to his business. The rest seized his servants, mistreated them and killed them. The king was enraged. He sent his army and destroyed those murderers(E) and burned their city.

“Then he said to his servants, ‘The wedding banquet is ready, but those I invited did not deserve to come. So go to the street corners(F) and invite to the banquet anyone you find.’ 10 So the servants went out into the streets and gathered all the people they could find, the bad as well as the good,(G) and the wedding hall was filled with guests.

11 “But when the king came in to see the guests, he noticed a man there who was not wearing wedding clothes. 12 He asked, ‘How did you get in here without wedding clothes, friend(H)?’ The man was speechless.

13 “Then the king told the attendants, ‘Tie him hand and foot, and throw him outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’(I)

14 “For many are invited, but few are chosen.”(J)

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar(K)

15 Then the Pharisees went out and laid plans to trap him in his words. 16 They sent their disciples to him along with the Herodians.(L) “Teacher,” they said, “we know that you are a man of integrity and that you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are. 17 Tell us then, what is your opinion? Is it right to pay the imperial tax[a](M) to Caesar or not?”

18 But Jesus, knowing their evil intent, said, “You hypocrites, why are you trying to trap me? 19 Show me the coin used for paying the tax.” They brought him a denarius, 20 and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

21 “Caesar’s,” they replied.

Then he said to them, “So give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s,(N) and to God what is God’s.”

22 When they heard this, they were amazed. So they left him and went away.(O)

Marriage at the Resurrection(P)

23 That same day the Sadducees,(Q) who say there is no resurrection,(R) came to him with a question. 24 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses told us that if a man dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and raise up offspring for him.(S) 25 Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died, and since he had no children, he left his wife to his brother. 26 The same thing happened to the second and third brother, right on down to the seventh. 27 Finally, the woman died. 28 Now then, at the resurrection, whose wife will she be of the seven, since all of them were married to her?”

29 Jesus replied, “You are in error because you do not know the Scriptures(T) or the power of God. 30 At the resurrection people will neither marry nor be given in marriage;(U) they will be like the angels in heaven. 31 But about the resurrection of the dead—have you not read what God said to you, 32 ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’[b]?(V) He is not the God of the dead but of the living.”

33 When the crowds heard this, they were astonished at his teaching.(W)

The Greatest Commandment(X)

34 Hearing that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees,(Y) the Pharisees got together. 35 One of them, an expert in the law,(Z) tested him with this question: 36 “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?”

37 Jesus replied: “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’[c](AA) 38 This is the first and greatest commandment. 39 And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[d](AB) 40 All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.”(AC)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AD)

41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, 42 “What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?”

“The son of David,”(AE) they replied.

43 He said to them, “How is it then that David, speaking by the Spirit, calls him ‘Lord’? For he says,

44 “‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[e](AF)

45 If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he be his son?” 46 No one could say a word in reply, and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.(AG)

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 22:17 A special tax levied on subject peoples, not on Roman citizens
  2. Matthew 22:32 Exodus 3:6
  3. Matthew 22:37 Deut. 6:5
  4. Matthew 22:39 Lev. 19:18
  5. Matthew 22:44 Psalm 110:1