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Warnings against scribes and Pharisees

23 Then Jesus spoke to the crowds and to his disciples: “The scribes and Pharisees,” he said, “sit on the seat of Moses. So you must do whatever they tell you, and keep it, but don’t do the things they do. You see, they talk but they don’t do. They tie up heavy bundles which are difficult to carry, and they dump them on people’s shoulders—but they themselves aren’t prepared to lift a little finger to move them!

“Everything they do is for show, to be seen by people. Yes, they make their prayer-boxes large and their prayer-tassels long, and they love the chief places at dinners, the main seats in the synagogues, the greetings in the market-places, and having people call them ‘Rabbi.’

“You mustn’t be called ‘Rabbi.’ You have one teacher, and you are all one family. And you shouldn’t call anyone ‘father’ on earth, because you have one father, in heaven. 10 Nor should you be called ‘teacher,’ because you have one teacher, the Messiah.

11 “The greatest among you should be your servant. 12 People who make themselves great will be humbled; and people who humble themselves will become great.”

Condemnation of scribes and Pharisees (1)

13 “Woe betide you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites!” Jesus continued. “You slam the door of heaven’s kingdom in people’s faces. You don’t go in yourselves, and when other people try to enter, you stop them.

15 “Woe betide you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You cross sea and land to make one single Gentile take up Jewish practices, and when that happens you make the convert twice as much a child of Gehenna as you are yourselves.

16 “Woe betide you, you blind guides! This is what you say: ‘If anyone swears by the Temple, it’s nothing; but if anyone swears by the gold in the Temple, the oath is valid.’ 17 How crazy and blind can you get! Which is greater, the gold, or the Temple that makes the gold sacred? 18 And you say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it’s nothing; but if anyone swears by the gift on it, the oath is valid.’ 19 How blind you are! Which is greater, the gift, or the altar that makes the gift sacred? 20 So whoever swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. 21 And whoever swears by the Temple swears by it and by the one who lives in it. 22 And whoever swears by heaven swears by the throne of God and by the one who sits on it.”

Condemnation of scribes and Pharisees (2)

23 “Woe betide you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites!” Jesus went on. “You tithe mint and dill and cumin, and you omit the serious matters of the law like justice, mercy and loyalty. You should have done these, without neglecting the others. 24 You’re blind guides! You filter out a gnat, but you gulp down a camel!

25 “Woe betide you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You scrub the outside of the cup and the dish, but the inside is full of extortion and moral flabbiness. 26 You blind Pharisee, first make the inside of the cup clean, and then the outside will be clean as well.

27 “Woe betide you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You’re like whitewashed graves, which look fine on the outside, but inside they are full of dead people’s bones and uncleanness of every kind. 28 That’s like you: on the outside you appear to be virtuous and law-abiding, but inside you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.

29 “Woe betide you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You build the tombs of the prophets, and you decorate the memorials of the righteous, 30 and you say, ‘If we’d lived in the days of our ancestors, we wouldn’t have gone along with them in killing the prophets.’ 31 So you testify against yourselves that you are the children of the people who murdered the prophets! 32 Well then, go ahead: complete the work your ancestors began! 33 You snakes, you nest of vipers, how can you escape the judgment of Gehenna?”

Judgment on Jerusalem and its leaders

34 “Because of all this,” Jesus concluded, “I’m sending you prophets, wise men and scribes. Some of them you will kill and crucify. Some of them you will whip in your synagogues. You’ll chase them from town to town. 35 That’s how all the righteous blood that’s been shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Barachiah—you murdered him between sanctuary and altar—all that blood will come upon you. 36 I’m telling you the solemn truth: it will all come on this generation.

37 “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, killing the prophets and stoning those who are sent to you! How often have I longed to gather up your children, the way a hen gathers up her brood under her wings, and you didn’t want me to! 38 Now, see here: your house has been abandoned by God; it’s a ruin. 39 Yes, I tell you: you won’t see me again from now on until you say, ‘God’s blessing on the coming one, the one who comes in the Lord’s own name!’ ”

Advertencias de Jesús

23 Tiempo después, Jesús les dijo a la gente y a sus discípulos:

«Los fariseos y los maestros de la Ley son los que más conocen la ley de Moisés. Ustedes deben hacer todo lo que ellos digan; pero no hagan lo que ellos hacen, porque enseñan una cosa y hacen otra. Imponen mandamientos muy difíciles de cumplir, pero no hacen ni el más mínimo esfuerzo por cumplirlos. Todo eso lo hacen para que la gente los vea y los admire. Por eso escriben frases de la Biblia en papelitos que guardan en cajitas de cuero, y se las ponen en la frente y en los brazos. Cada vez hacen más grandes esas cajitas y los flecos que le ponen a la ropa, para que la gente piense que son muy obedientes a Dios. Cuando van a la sinagoga o asisten a fiestas, les encanta que los traten como si fueran los más importantes. Les gusta que la gente los salude en el mercado con gran respeto, y que los llame maestros.

»Pero ustedes no esperen que la gente los llame maestros, porque ustedes son como hermanos, y tienen solamente un maestro. No le digan padre a nadie, porque el único padre que ustedes tienen es Dios, que está en el cielo. 10 Tampoco esperen que la gente los trate como líderes, porque yo, el Mesías, soy su único líder. 11 El más importante de ustedes deberá ser el sirviente de todos. 12 Porque los que se creen más importantes que los demás serán tratados como los menos importantes. Y los que se comportan como los menos importantes serán tratados como los más importantes.»

¡Qué mal les va a ir!

13-14 Jesús les dijo a los fariseos y a los maestros de la Ley:

«¡Qué mal les va a ir, hipócritas! Ustedes les cierran la puerta del reino de Dios a los demás. Y ni entran ustedes ni dejan que otros entren.

15 »¡Qué mal les va a ir, hipócritas! Ustedes van por todas partes tratando de ganar un seguidor y, cuando lo consiguen, lo hacen dos veces más merecedor del infierno que ustedes mismos.

16 »¡Qué mal les va a ir! Se supone que ustedes deben enseñar al pueblo a obedecer a Dios, pero ni ustedes mismos lo hacen. Enseñan que se puede no cumplir una promesa, si se jura sólo por el templo; pero que se debe cumplir esa promesa, si se jura por el oro del templo. 17 ¡Ustedes no saben nada, son unos tontos! No se dan cuenta de que el templo es más importante que el oro, y que el templo hace que el oro sea valioso ante Dios.

18 »También enseñan que se puede no cumplir una promesa, si se jura sólo por el altar del templo; pero que se debe cumplir esa promesa si se jura por la ofrenda que está sobre el altar. 19 ¡Ignorantes! El altar de Dios es más importante que la ofrenda, y hace que la ofrenda sea valiosa ante Dios. 20 Cuando una persona hace una promesa, y jura por el altar del templo que la cumplirá, está jurando no sólo por el altar, sino también por todo lo que hay sobre el altar. 21 Y si alguien jura por el templo, no sólo está jurando por el templo, sino también por Dios, que vive allí. 22 Si jura por el cielo, también jura por Dios, porque el trono de Dios está en el cielo.

23 »¡Qué mal les va a ir a ustedes, maestros de la Ley y fariseos! ¡Hipócritas! Se preocupan por dar como ofrenda la décima parte de la menta, del anís y del comino que cosechan en sus terrenos. Pero no obedecen las enseñanzas más importantes de la ley: ser justos con los demás, tratarlos con amor, y obedecer a Dios en todo. Hay que hacer esas tres cosas, sin dejar de obedecer los demás mandamientos. 24 ¡Ustedes, como líderes, no saben nada! Cumplen los detalles más insignificantes de la ley, pero no cumplen lo más importante de ella. Ustedes son como los que, al beber vino, sacan el mosquito pero se tragan el camello que hay en el vino.

25-26 »¡Qué mal les va a ir, hipócritas! Parecen buena gente, pero en realidad son malos, no ayudan a nadie, y roban a los demás. ¡Tontos! Sean buenos de verdad, porque si no lo hacen, serán como un vaso o un plato limpio por fuera, pero lleno de suciedad por dentro. Pero si el vaso o el plato se limpian por dentro, todo estará limpio de verdad.

27-28 »¡Qué mal les va a ir! Aparentan ser gente buena y honrada, pero en realidad son hipócritas y malvados. Son como una tumba pintada de blanco, que por fuera se ve limpia, pero que por dentro está llena de huesos y de suciedad.

29 »¡Pobrecitos de ustedes, qué mal les va a ir, hipócritas! Construyen monumentos para recordar a los profetas muertos, y ponen adornos en las tumbas de las personas buenas. 30 Dicen que, si hubieran vivido en aquel tiempo, no habrían estado de acuerdo con los que mataron a los profetas. 31 Pero, en realidad, demuestran ser iguales a ellos. 32 ¡Terminen, pues, de hacer lo que ellos comenzaron!

33 »¡Ustedes son unos mentirosos y unos malvados! Son tan malos como el veneno de una serpiente. ¡Por eso no se escaparán de ir al infierno! 34 Yo les enviaré profetas, sabios y maestros, pero a algunos de ellos ustedes los matarán o los clavarán en una cruz, a otros los golpearán en las sinagogas, y a otros los perseguirán por todas las ciudades. 35 Por eso, serán culpables de la muerte de toda persona buena en el mundo; comenzando por la muerte de Abel hasta terminar con la muerte del profeta Zacarías, que era hijo de Berequías. A este profeta lo mataron entre el templo y el altar de los sacrificios. 36 Les aseguro que todos ustedes serán castigados por esto.

Jesús sufre por la gente de Jerusalén

37 »¡Gente de Jerusalén, gente de Jerusalén! Ustedes matan a los profetas y a los mensajeros que Dios les envía. Muchas veces quise protegerlos, como protege la gallina a sus pollitos debajo de sus alas, pero ustedes no me dejaron. 38 Su templo quedará abandonado. 39 Les aseguro que a partir de este momento no volverán a verme, hasta que digan: “Bendito el Mesías que viene en el nombre de Dios”.»

A Warning Against Hypocrisy(A)(B)

23 Then Jesus said to the crowds and to his disciples: “The teachers of the law(C) and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat. So you must be careful to do everything they tell you. But do not do what they do, for they do not practice what they preach. They tie up heavy, cumbersome loads and put them on other people’s shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to lift a finger to move them.(D)

“Everything they do is done for people to see:(E) They make their phylacteries[a](F) wide and the tassels on their garments(G) long; they love the place of honor at banquets and the most important seats in the synagogues;(H) they love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and to be called ‘Rabbi’ by others.(I)

“But you are not to be called ‘Rabbi,’ for you have one Teacher, and you are all brothers. And do not call anyone on earth ‘father,’ for you have one Father,(J) and he is in heaven. 10 Nor are you to be called instructors, for you have one Instructor, the Messiah. 11 The greatest among you will be your servant.(K) 12 For those who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted.(L)

Seven Woes on the Teachers of the Law and the Pharisees

13 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites!(M) You shut the door of the kingdom of heaven in people’s faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor will you let those enter who are trying to.(N) [14] [b]

15 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You travel over land and sea to win a single convert,(O) and when you have succeeded, you make them twice as much a child of hell(P) as you are.

16 “Woe to you, blind guides!(Q) You say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it means nothing; but anyone who swears by the gold of the temple is bound by that oath.’(R) 17 You blind fools! Which is greater: the gold, or the temple that makes the gold sacred?(S) 18 You also say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it means nothing; but anyone who swears by the gift on the altar is bound by that oath.’ 19 You blind men! Which is greater: the gift, or the altar that makes the gift sacred?(T) 20 Therefore, anyone who swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. 21 And anyone who swears by the temple swears by it and by the one who dwells(U) in it. 22 And anyone who swears by heaven swears by God’s throne and by the one who sits on it.(V)

23 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You give a tenth(W) of your spices—mint, dill and cumin. But you have neglected the more important matters of the law—justice, mercy and faithfulness.(X) You should have practiced the latter, without neglecting the former. 24 You blind guides!(Y) You strain out a gnat but swallow a camel.

25 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish,(Z) but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence.(AA) 26 Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and dish, and then the outside also will be clean.

27 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs,(AB) which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of the bones of the dead and everything unclean. 28 In the same way, on the outside you appear to people as righteous but on the inside you are full of hypocrisy and wickedness.

29 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You build tombs for the prophets(AC) and decorate the graves of the righteous. 30 And you say, ‘If we had lived in the days of our ancestors, we would not have taken part with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ 31 So you testify against yourselves that you are the descendants of those who murdered the prophets.(AD) 32 Go ahead, then, and complete(AE) what your ancestors started!(AF)

33 “You snakes! You brood of vipers!(AG) How will you escape being condemned to hell?(AH) 34 Therefore I am sending you prophets and sages and teachers. Some of them you will kill and crucify;(AI) others you will flog in your synagogues(AJ) and pursue from town to town.(AK) 35 And so upon you will come all the righteous blood that has been shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel(AL) to the blood of Zechariah son of Berekiah,(AM) whom you murdered between the temple and the altar.(AN) 36 Truly I tell you, all this will come on this generation.(AO)

37 “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you,(AP) how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings,(AQ) and you were not willing. 38 Look, your house is left to you desolate.(AR) 39 For I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’[c](AS)

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 23:5 That is, boxes containing Scripture verses, worn on forehead and arm
  2. Matthew 23:14 Some manuscripts include here words similar to Mark 12:40 and Luke 20:47.
  3. Matthew 23:39 Psalm 118:26