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The Meaning of Suffering

I am a man who has seen the suffering
    that comes from the rod of the Lord’s anger.
He led me
    into darkness, not light.
He turned his hand against me
    again and again, all day long.

He caused my flesh and skin to wear out.
    He broke my bones.
He surrounded me and attacked me
    with sadness and grief.
He made me sit in the dark,
    like someone who has been dead a long time.

He shut me in so I could not get out.
    He put heavy chains on me.
I cry out and beg for help.
    But he ignores my prayer.
He has blocked my way with stones.
    He has made my life difficult.

10 The Lord is like a bear ready to attack me.
    He is like a lion in hiding.
11 He led me the wrong way and tore me to pieces.
    He left me without help.
12 He prepared to shoot his bow.
    He made me the target for his arrows.

13 He shot me in the kidneys
    with the arrows from his arrow bag.
14 I have become a joke to all my people.
    All day long they make fun of me with songs.
15 The Lord filled me with misery.
    He filled me with suffering.

16 The Lord broke my teeth with gravel.
    He crushed me into the dirt.
17 I have no more peace.
    I have forgotten what happiness is.
18 I said, “My strength is gone.
    I have no more hope that the Lord will help me.”

19 Lord, remember my suffering and how I have no home.
    Remember the misery and suffering.
20 I remember them well.
    And I am very sad.
21 But I have hope
    when I think of this:

22 The Lord’s love never ends.
    His mercies never stop.
23 They are new every morning.
    Lord, your loyalty is great.
24 I say to myself, “The Lord is what I have left.
    So I have hope.”

25 The Lord is good to those who put their hope in him.
    He is good to those who look to him for help.
26 It is good to wait quietly
    for the Lord to save.
27 It is good for a man to work hard
    while he is young.

28 He should sit alone and be quiet
    because the Lord has given him hard work to do.
29 He should bow to the Lord with his face to the ground.
    Maybe there is still hope.
30 He should offer his cheek if someone wants to hit him.
    He should be filled with shame.

31 The Lord will not reject
    his people forever.
32 Although the Lord brings sorrow, he also has mercy.
    His love is great.
33 The Lord does not like to punish people
    or make them sad.

34 The Lord sees if any prisoner of the earth
    is crushed under his feet.
35 He sees if someone is treated unfairly
    before the Most High God.
36 The Lord sees
    if someone is cheated in his case in court.

37 Nobody can speak and have it happen
    unless the Lord commands it.
38 Both bad and good things
    come by the command of the Most High God.
39 No man should complain
    when he is punished for his sins.

40 Let us examine and look at what we have done.
    Then let us return to the Lord.
41 Let us lift up our hands and pray from our hearts.
    Let us say to God in heaven,
42 “We have sinned and turned against you.
    And you have not forgiven us.

43 “You wrapped yourself in anger and chased us.
    You killed us without mercy.
44 You wrapped yourself in a cloud.
    No prayer could get through.
45 You made us like scum and trash
    among the other nations.

46 “All of our enemies
    open their mouths and say things against us.
47 We have been frightened and fearful.
    We have been ruined and destroyed.”
48 Streams of tears flow from my eyes
    because my people are destroyed.

49 My tears flow continually,
    without stopping,
50 until the Lord looks down
    and sees from heaven.
51 I am sad when I see
    what has happened to all the women of my city.

52 Those who are my enemies for no reason
    hunted me like a bird.
53 They threw me alive into a pit.
    They threw stones at me.
54 Water came up over my head.
    I said to myself, “I am going to die.”
55 I called out to you, Lord,
    from the bottom of the pit.
56 You heard me calling, “Do not close your ears.
    Do not ignore my cry for help.”
57 You came close when I called out to you.
    You said, “Don’t be afraid.”

58 Lord, you have taken my case.
    You have given me back my life.
59 Lord, you have seen how I have been wronged.
    Now judge my case for me.
60 You have seen how my enemies took revenge on me.
    You have seen all their evil plans against me.

61 Lord, you have heard their insults
    and all their evil plans against me.
62 The words and thoughts of my enemies
    are against me all the time.
63 Look! In everything they do
    they make fun of me with songs.

64 Punish them as they should be punished, Lord.
    Pay them back for what they have done.
65 Make them stubborn.
    Put your curse on them.
66 Chase them in anger.
    Destroy them from the Lord’s earth.

The Prophet—A Man of Despair

[a]“I am the man who has experienced suffering under the rod of Yahweh’s fury.
Yahweh has driven me away
    and made me walk in darkness instead of light.
He beat me again and again all day long.
He has made my flesh and my skin waste away.
    He has broken my bones.
He has attacked me and surrounded me with bitterness and hardship.
He has made me live in darkness,
    like those who died a long time ago.
He has blocked me so that I can’t get out.
    He has put heavy chains on me.
Even when I cry and call for help, he shuts out my prayer.
He has blocked my way with cut stones and made my paths crooked.
10 He is like a bear waiting to ambush me, like a lion in hiding.
11 He has forced me off the road I was taking, torn me to pieces,
    and left me with nothing.
12 He has drawn his bow and made me the target for his arrows.
13 He has shot the arrows from his quiver into my heart.
14 I have become a laughingstock to all my people.
    All day long they make fun of me with their songs.
15 He has filled me with bitterness.
    He has made me drink wormwood.
16 He has ground my teeth with gravel.
    He has trampled me into the dust.

17 “My soul has been kept from enjoying peace.
    I have forgotten what happiness is.
18 I said, ‘I’ve lost my strength to live and my hope in the Lord.’
19 Remember my suffering and my aimless wandering,
    the wormwood and poison.
20 My soul continues to remember these things and is so discouraged.

The Prophet—A Man of Hope

21 “The reason I can still find hope is that I keep this one thing in mind:
22 the Lord’s mercy.
    We were not completely wiped out.
        His compassion is never limited.
23 It is new every morning.
    His faithfulness is great.
24 My soul can say, ‘The Lord is my lot in life.
    That is why I find hope in him.’
25 The Lord is good to those who wait for him,
    to anyone who seeks help from him.

26 “It is good to continue to hope and wait silently
    for the Lord to save us.
27 It is good for people to endure burdens when they’re young.
28 They should sit alone and remain silent
    because Yahweh has laid these burdens on them.
29 They should put their mouths in the dust.
    Maybe a reason to hope exists.
30 They should turn their cheeks to the one who strikes them
    and take their fill of insults.

31 Adonay will not reject such people forever.
32 Even if he makes us suffer,
    he will have compassion
        in keeping with the richness of his mercy.
33 He does not willingly bring suffering or grief to anyone,
34 crush any prisoner on earth underfoot,
35 deny people their rights in the presence of Elyon,
36 or deprive people of justice in court.
    Adonay isn’t happy to see these things.
37 Who was it who spoke and it came into being?
    It was Adonay who gave the order.
38 Both good and bad come from the mouth of the Most High God.

39 “Why should any living mortal (any person)
    complain about being punished for sin?
40 Let us look closely at our ways and examine them
    and then return to Yahweh.
41 Let us raise our hearts and hands to El in heaven.

42 “We have been disobedient and rebellious.
    You haven’t forgiven us.
43 You covered yourself with anger and pursued us.
    You killed without pity.
44 You covered yourself with a cloud
    so that no prayer could get through it.
45 You made us the scum and trash of the nations.
46 All our enemies gawk at us.
47 Panic and pitfalls have found us, so have devastation and destruction.

48 “Streams of tears run down from my eyes
    over the ruin of my dear people.
49 My eyes will keep flowing without stopping for a moment
50 until Yahweh looks down from heaven and sees.
51 What I see with my eyes disturbs me deeply
    because of all the young women in my city.[b]

52 “Those who were my enemies for no reason hunted me like a bird.
53 They threw me alive into a pit and threw rocks at me.
54 Water flowed over my head. I thought I was finished.

55 “I call your name from the deepest pit, O Yahweh.
56 Listen to my cry for help.
    Don’t close your ears when I cry out for relief.
57 Be close at hand when I call to you. You told me not to be afraid.
58 Plead my case for me, O Adonay. Reclaim my life.
59 Look at the wrong that has been done to me, O Yahweh.
    Give me a fair verdict.
60 Look at all their malice, all their plots against me.
61 Listen to their insults, all their plots against me.
62 The words and thoughts of those who attack me
    are directed against me all day long.
63 Look at them! Whether they are sitting or standing,
    they make fun of me in their songs.
64 Pay them back, O Yahweh, for what they deserve,
    for what their own hands have done.
65 Make them stubborn. Let your curse be on them.
66 Pursue them in anger, and wipe them out from under Yahweh’s heaven.”

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 3:1 Chapter 3 is a poem in Hebrew alphabetical order.
  2. Lamentations 3:51 Hebrew meaning of this verse uncertain.

[a]I am the man who has seen affliction(A)
    by the rod of the Lord’s wrath.(B)
He has driven me away and made me walk
    in darkness(C) rather than light;
indeed, he has turned his hand against me(D)
    again and again, all day long.

He has made my skin and my flesh grow old(E)
    and has broken my bones.(F)
He has besieged me and surrounded me
    with bitterness(G) and hardship.(H)
He has made me dwell in darkness
    like those long dead.(I)

He has walled me in so I cannot escape;(J)
    he has weighed me down with chains.(K)
Even when I call out or cry for help,(L)
    he shuts out my prayer.(M)
He has barred(N) my way with blocks of stone;
    he has made my paths crooked.(O)

10 Like a bear lying in wait,
    like a lion(P) in hiding,(Q)
11 he dragged me from the path and mangled(R) me
    and left me without help.
12 He drew his bow(S)
    and made me the target(T) for his arrows.(U)

13 He pierced(V) my heart
    with arrows from his quiver.(W)
14 I became the laughingstock(X) of all my people;(Y)
    they mock me in song(Z) all day long.
15 He has filled me with bitter herbs
    and given me gall to drink.(AA)

16 He has broken my teeth with gravel;(AB)
    he has trampled me in the dust.(AC)
17 I have been deprived of peace;
    I have forgotten what prosperity is.
18 So I say, “My splendor is gone
    and all that I had hoped from the Lord.”(AD)

19 I remember my affliction and my wandering,
    the bitterness(AE) and the gall.(AF)
20 I well remember them,
    and my soul is downcast(AG) within me.(AH)
21 Yet this I call to mind
    and therefore I have hope:

22 Because of the Lord’s great love(AI) we are not consumed,(AJ)
    for his compassions never fail.(AK)
23 They are new every morning;
    great is your faithfulness.(AL)
24 I say to myself, “The Lord is my portion;(AM)
    therefore I will wait for him.”

25 The Lord is good to those whose hope is in him,
    to the one who seeks him;(AN)
26 it is good to wait quietly(AO)
    for the salvation of the Lord.(AP)
27 It is good for a man to bear the yoke
    while he is young.

28 Let him sit alone in silence,(AQ)
    for the Lord has laid it on him.
29 Let him bury his face in the dust(AR)
    there may yet be hope.(AS)
30 Let him offer his cheek to one who would strike him,(AT)
    and let him be filled with disgrace.(AU)

31 For no one is cast off
    by the Lord forever.(AV)
32 Though he brings grief, he will show compassion,
    so great is his unfailing love.(AW)
33 For he does not willingly bring affliction
    or grief to anyone.(AX)

34 To crush underfoot
    all prisoners in the land,
35 to deny people their rights
    before the Most High,(AY)
36 to deprive them of justice—
    would not the Lord see such things?(AZ)

37 Who can speak and have it happen
    if the Lord has not decreed it?(BA)
38 Is it not from the mouth of the Most High
    that both calamities and good things come?(BB)
39 Why should the living complain
    when punished for their sins?(BC)

40 Let us examine our ways and test them,(BD)
    and let us return to the Lord.(BE)
41 Let us lift up our hearts and our hands
    to God in heaven,(BF) and say:
42 “We have sinned and rebelled(BG)
    and you have not forgiven.(BH)

43 “You have covered yourself with anger and pursued(BI) us;
    you have slain without pity.(BJ)
44 You have covered yourself with a cloud(BK)
    so that no prayer(BL) can get through.(BM)
45 You have made us scum(BN) and refuse
    among the nations.

46 “All our enemies have opened their mouths
    wide(BO) against us.(BP)
47 We have suffered terror and pitfalls,(BQ)
    ruin and destruction.(BR)
48 Streams of tears(BS) flow from my eyes(BT)
    because my people are destroyed.(BU)

49 My eyes will flow unceasingly,
    without relief,(BV)
50 until the Lord looks down
    from heaven and sees.(BW)
51 What I see brings grief to my soul
    because of all the women of my city.

52 Those who were my enemies without cause
    hunted me like a bird.(BX)
53 They tried to end my life in a pit(BY)
    and threw stones at me;
54 the waters closed over my head,(BZ)
    and I thought I was about to perish.(CA)

55 I called on your name, Lord,
    from the depths(CB) of the pit.(CC)
56 You heard my plea:(CD) “Do not close your ears
    to my cry for relief.”
57 You came near(CE) when I called you,
    and you said, “Do not fear.”(CF)

58 You, Lord, took up my case;(CG)
    you redeemed my life.(CH)
59 Lord, you have seen the wrong done to me.(CI)
    Uphold my cause!(CJ)
60 You have seen the depth of their vengeance,
    all their plots against me.(CK)

61 Lord, you have heard their insults,(CL)
    all their plots against me—
62 what my enemies whisper and mutter
    against me all day long.(CM)
63 Look at them! Sitting or standing,
    they mock me in their songs.(CN)

64 Pay them back what they deserve, Lord,
    for what their hands have done.(CO)
65 Put a veil over their hearts,(CP)
    and may your curse be on them!
66 Pursue(CQ) them in anger and destroy them
    from under the heavens of the Lord.

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 3:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem; the verses of each stanza begin with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet, and the verses within each stanza begin with the same letter.

The Prophet’s Anguish and Hope

I am the man who has seen affliction by the rod of His wrath.
He has led me and made me walk
In darkness and not in light.
Surely He has turned His hand against me
Time and time again throughout the day.

He has aged (A)my flesh and my skin,
And (B)broken my bones.
He has besieged me
And surrounded me with bitterness and [a]woe.
(C)He has set me in dark places
Like the dead of long ago.

(D)He has hedged me in so that I cannot get out;
He has made my chain heavy.
Even (E)when I cry and shout,
He shuts out my prayer.
He has blocked my ways with hewn stone;
He has made my paths crooked.

10 (F)He has been to me a bear lying in wait,
Like a lion in [b]ambush.
11 He has turned aside my ways and (G)torn me in pieces;
He has made me desolate.
12 He has bent His bow
And (H)set me up as a target for the arrow.

13 He has caused (I)the [c]arrows of His quiver
To pierce my [d]loins.
14 I have become the (J)ridicule of all my people—
(K)Their taunting song all the day.
15 (L)He has filled me with bitterness,
He has made me drink wormwood.

16 He has also broken my teeth (M)with gravel,
And [e]covered me with ashes.
17 You have moved my soul far from peace;
I have forgotten [f]prosperity.
18 (N)And I said, “My strength and my hope
Have perished from the Lord.”

19 Remember my affliction and roaming,
(O)The wormwood and the [g]gall.
20 My soul still remembers
And [h]sinks within me.
21 This I recall to my mind,
Therefore I have (P)hope.

22 (Q)Through the Lord’s mercies we are not consumed,
Because His compassions (R)fail not.
23 They are new (S)every morning;
Great is Your faithfulness.
24 “The Lord is my (T)portion,” says my soul,
“Therefore I (U)hope in Him!”

25 The Lord is good to those who (V)wait for Him,
To the soul who seeks Him.
26 It is good that one should (W)hope (X)and wait quietly
For the salvation of the Lord.
27 (Y)It is good for a man to bear
The yoke in his youth.

28 (Z)Let him sit alone and keep silent,
Because God has laid it on him;
29 (AA)Let him put his mouth in the dust—
There may yet be hope.
30 (AB)Let him give his cheek to the one who strikes him,
And be full of reproach.

31 (AC)For the Lord will not cast off forever.
32 Though He causes grief,
Yet He will show compassion
According to the multitude of His mercies.
33 For (AD)He does not afflict [i]willingly,
Nor grieve the children of men.

34 To crush under one’s feet
All the prisoners of the earth,
35 To turn aside the justice due a man
Before the face of the Most High,
36 Or subvert a man in his cause—
(AE)The Lord does not approve.

37 Who is he (AF)who speaks and it comes to pass,
When the Lord has not commanded it?
38 Is it not from the mouth of the Most High
That (AG)woe and well-being proceed?
39 (AH)Why should a living man [j]complain,
(AI)A man for the punishment of his sins?

40 Let us search out and examine our ways,
And turn back to the Lord;
41 (AJ)Let us lift our hearts and hands
To God in heaven.
42 (AK)We have transgressed and rebelled;
You have not pardoned.

43 You have covered Yourself with anger
And pursued us;
You have slain and not pitied.
44 You have covered Yourself with a cloud,
That prayer should not pass through.
45 You have made us an (AL)offscouring and refuse
In the midst of the peoples.

46 (AM)All our enemies
Have opened their mouths against us.
47 (AN)Fear and a snare have come upon us,
(AO)Desolation and destruction.
48 (AP)My eyes overflow with rivers of water
For the destruction of the daughter of my people.

49 (AQ)My eyes flow and do not cease,
Without interruption,
50 Till the Lord from heaven
(AR)Looks down and sees.
51 My eyes bring suffering to my soul
Because of all the daughters of my city.

52 My enemies (AS)without cause
Hunted me down like a bird.
53 They [k]silenced my life (AT)in the pit
And (AU)threw [l]stones at me.
54 (AV)The waters flowed over my head;
(AW)I said, “I am cut off!”

55 (AX)I called on Your name, O Lord,
From the lowest (AY)pit.
56 (AZ)You have heard my voice:
“Do not hide Your ear
From my sighing, from my cry for help.”
57 You (BA)drew near on the day I called on You,
And said, (BB)“Do not fear!”

58 O Lord, You have (BC)pleaded the case for my soul;
(BD)You have redeemed my life.
59 O Lord, You have seen [m]how I am wronged;
(BE)Judge my case.
60 You have seen all their vengeance,
All their (BF)schemes against me.

61 You have heard their reproach, O Lord,
All their schemes against me,
62 The lips of my enemies
And their whispering against me all the day.
63 Look at their (BG)sitting down and their rising up;
I am their taunting song.

64 (BH)Repay them, O Lord,
According to the work of their hands.
65 Give them [n]a veiled heart;
Your curse be upon them!
66 In Your anger,
Pursue and destroy them
(BI)From under the heavens of the (BJ)Lord.

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 3:5 hardship or weariness
  2. Lamentations 3:10 Lit. secret places
  3. Lamentations 3:13 Lit. sons of
  4. Lamentations 3:13 Lit. kidneys
  5. Lamentations 3:16 Lit. bent me down in
  6. Lamentations 3:17 Lit. good
  7. Lamentations 3:19 bitterness
  8. Lamentations 3:20 Lit. bowed down
  9. Lamentations 3:33 Lit. from His heart
  10. Lamentations 3:39 Or murmur
  11. Lamentations 3:53 LXX put to death
  12. Lamentations 3:53 Lit. a stone on
  13. Lamentations 3:59 Lit. my wrong
  14. Lamentations 3:65 A Jewish tradition sorrow of