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Ioan 6
Nouă Traducere În Limba Română

Isus hrăneşte peste cinci mii de oameni

6 După aceea, Isus a plecat pe celălalt mal al Mării Galileii, adică Marea Tiberiadei[a]. 2 O mare mulţime de oameni Îl urma, pentru că vedea semnele pe care le făcea cu cei bolnavi. 3 Isus S-a suit pe munte şi S-a aşezat acolo cu ucenicii Lui. 4 Paştele, sărbătoarea iudeilor, era aproape. 5 Când Isus Şi-a ridicat ochii şi a văzut că vine la El o mare mulţime, l-a întrebat pe Filip:

– De unde să cumpărăm pâini ca să mănânce oamenii aceştia?

6 Spunea lucrul acesta ca să-l încerce, însă El ştia ce urmează să facă. 7 Filip I-a răspuns:

– Pâinile pe care le-am putea cumpăra cu două sute de denari[b] n-ar fi de ajuns ca fiecare să primească măcar câte puţin!

8 Unul dintre ucenicii Lui, Andrei, fratele lui Simon Petru, I-a zis:

9 – Este aici un băieţel care are cinci pâini de orz şi doi peşti. Dar ce sunt acestea la atâţia?!

10 Isus a zis:

– Puneţi oamenii să se aşeze!

În locul acela era multă iarbă. Aşa că bărbaţii[c] s-au aşezat; ei erau în număr de aproape cinci mii. 11 Isus a luat pâinile, a adus mulţumiri şi le-a împărţit celor ce se aşezaseră. De asemenea, le-a dat şi din peşti, cât au vrut. 12 Când s-au săturat, le-a zis ucenicilor Săi:

– Adunaţi firimiturile rămase, ca să nu se piardă nimic!

13 Le-au adunat deci şi au umplut douăsprezece coşuri cu firimiturile de la cele cinci pâini de orz, firimituri pe care le lăsaseră cei ce mâncaseră.

14 Când au văzut oamenii acest semn pe care l-a făcut El, au zis: „Într-adevăr, Acesta este Profetul[d] Care urma să vină în lume!“ 15 Atunci Isus, ştiind că au de gând să vină să-L ia cu forţa ca să-L facă rege, S-a retras din nou la munte, doar El singur.

Isus umblă pe apă

16 Când s-a lăsat seara, ucenicii Lui au coborât la mare, 17 s-au urcat într-o barcă şi s-au dus înspre partea cealaltă a mării, la Capernaum. Se făcuse deja întuneric şi Isus încă nu venise la ei, 18 iar marea devenea agitată, pentru că sufla un vânt puternic. 19 După ce au vâslit cam douăzeci şi cinci sau treizeci de stadii[e], L-au văzut pe Isus umblând pe mare şi apropiindu-Se de barcă şi li s-a făcut frică. 20 El însă le-a zis: „Eu sunt! Nu vă temeţi!“ 21 Atunci ei au fost gata să-L ia în barcă. Şi barca a ajuns imediat la ţărmul spre care se îndreptau.

Isus, Pâinea vieţii

22 În ziua următoare, mulţimea care stătuse pe celălalt mal al mării a văzut că acolo nu era decât o singură barcă şi că Isus nu Se suise în barcă cu ucenicii Săi, ci că ucenicii plecaseră singuri. 23 De asemenea, şi alte bărci din Tiberiada sosiseră aproape de locul unde mâncaseră pâinea, după ce Domnul adusese mulţumiri. 24 Când mulţimea a văzut că nici Isus, nici ucenicii Lui nu sunt acolo, s-au urcat ei înşişi în bărci şi s-au dus la Capernaum, în căutarea lui Isus.

25 Când L-au găsit, de cealaltă parte a mării, I-au zis:

– Rabbi[f], când ai venit aici?

26 Isus le-a răspuns:

– Adevărat, adevărat vă spun că voi Mă căutaţi nu pentru că aţi văzut semne, ci pentru că aţi mâncat din pâini şi v-aţi săturat! 27 Lucraţi nu pentru mâncarea care se strică, ci pentru mâncarea care rămâne pentru viaţa veşnică şi pe care v-o va da Fiul Omului! Căci pe El Şi-a pus Dumnezeu Tatăl pecetea!

28 Atunci ei L-au întrebat:

– Ce să facem ca să înfăptuim lucrările lui Dumnezeu?

29 Isus le-a răspuns:

– Lucrarea lui Dumnezeu este aceasta: să credeţi în Acela pe Care L-a trimis El!

30 Prin urmare, ei L-au întrebat:

– Şi ce semn faci Tu, ca să vedem şi să credem în Tine? Ce lucrare faci Tu? 31 Strămoşii noştri au mâncat mană în pustie, aşa cum este scris: „Le-a dat să mănânce pâine din cer.“[g]

32 Atunci Isus le-a zis:

– Adevărat, adevărat vă spun că nu Moise v-a dat pâinea din cer, ci Tatăl Meu vă dă adevărata pâine din cer! 33 Căci pâinea lui Dumnezeu este Cel Care coboară din cer şi dă lumii viaţă.

34 Ei I-au zis:

– Domnule, dă-ne întotdeauna această pâine!

35 Isus le-a răspuns:

– Eu sunt pâinea vieţii. Cel ce vine la Mine nu va flămânzi niciodată şi cel ce crede în Mine nu va înseta niciodată! 36 Dar v-am spus că M-aţi văzut, şi tot nu credeţi! 37 Tot ce-Mi dă Tatăl va ajunge la Mine, iar pe cel ce vine la Mine nu-l voi izgoni niciodată afară. 38 Căci am coborât din cer nu ca să fac voia Mea, ci voia Celui Ce M-a trimis. 39 Şi voia Celui Ce M-a trimis este să nu pierd nimic din tot ce Mi-a dat El, ci să-l învii în ziua de pe urmă. 40 Căci voia Tatălui Meu este ca oricine Îl vede pe Fiul şi crede în El să aibă viaţă veşnică, iar Eu Îl voi învia în ziua de pe urmă.

41 Atunci iudeii au început să murmure cu privire la El, pentru că spusese: „Eu sunt pâinea care a coborât din cer.“ 42 Ei ziceau: „Nu este Acesta Isus, fiul lui Iosif, pe ai Cărui tată şi mamă îi cunoaştem?! Aşadar, cum de spune acum: «Am coborât din cer»?!“ 43 Isus le-a răspuns: „Nu murmuraţi între voi! 44 Nimeni nu poate veni la Mine dacă nu-l atrage Tatăl Care M-a trimis. Iar Eu îl voi învia în ziua de pe urmă. 45 Este scris în Profeţi: «Toţi vor fi învăţaţi de Dumnezeu.»[h] Oricine a auzit şi a învăţat de la Tatăl vine la Mine. 46 Nu că cineva L-a văzut pe Tatăl, în afară de Cel Care este de la Dumnezeu; El L-a văzut pe Tatăl. 47 Adevărat, adevărat vă spun că cel ce crede (în Mine)[i] are viaţă veşnică. 48 Eu sunt pâinea vieţii. 49 Strămoşii voştri au mâncat mană în pustie şi totuşi au murit. 50 Pâinea care coboară din cer este de aşa fel, ca cineva să mănânce din ea şi să nu moară. 51 Eu sunt pâinea vie care a coborât din cer. Dacă mănâncă cineva din pâinea aceasta va trăi în veac. Şi pâinea pe care o voi da Eu pentru viaţa lumii este trupul Meu.“

52 Atunci iudeii au început să se certe unii cu alţii şi să zică: „Cum poate Acesta să ne dea să mâncăm trupul Lui?!“ 53 Dar Isus le-a zis: „Adevărat, adevărat vă spun că, dacă nu mâncaţi trupul Fiului Omului şi nu beţi sângele Lui, nu aveţi viaţă în voi înşivă! 54 Cel ce mănâncă trupul Meu şi bea sângele Meu are viaţă veşnică, iar Eu îl voi învia în ziua de pe urmă. 55 Căci trupul Meu este o adevărată hrană, iar sângele Meu este o adevărată băutură. 56 Cel ce mănâncă trupul Meu şi bea sângele Meu rămâne în Mine, iar Eu rămân în el. 57 Aşa cum Tatăl cel viu M-a trimis, iar Eu trăiesc datorită Tatălui, tot astfel şi cel ce Mă mănâncă pe Mine va trăi datorită Mie. 58 Aceasta este pâinea care a coborât din cer, nu ca aceea pe care au mâncat-o strămoşii voştri, care totuşi au murit: cel ce mănâncă această pâine va trăi în veac!“ 59 Aceste lucruri le-a spus în timp ce dădea învăţătură în sinagogă[j], în Capernaum.

Mulţi ucenici Îl părăsesc pe Isus

60 Auzind acestea, mulţi din ucenicii Lui au zis: „Vorbirea aceasta este prea de tot! Cine poate s-o asculte?!“ 61 Dar Isus, ştiind în Sine Însuşi că ucenicii Lui murmurau cu privire la aceasta, le-a zis: „Vorbirea aceasta vă face să vă poticniţi?! 62 Dar dacă L-aţi vedea pe Fiul Omului înălţându-Se acolo unde era mai înainte?! 63 Duhul este Cel Ce dă viaţă; carnea nu foloseşte la nimic. Cuvintele pe care vi le-am spus sunt duh[k] şi viaţă. 64 Dar sunt unii dintre voi care nu cred.“ Căci Isus ştia de la început cine sunt cei ce nu cred şi cine este cel ce urma să-L trădeze. 65 Apoi a zis: „Tocmai de aceea v-am spus că nimeni nu poate să vină la Mine decât dacă i-a fost dat de către Tatăl.“

66 Din această cauză[l] mulţi dintre ucenicii Lui s-au întors şi nu mai umblau cu El. 67 Atunci Isus le-a zis celor doisprezece:

– Nu vreţi să plecaţi şi voi?

68 Simon Petru I-a răspuns:

– Doamne, la cine să ne ducem?! Tu ai cuvintele vieţii veşnice, 69 iar noi am ajuns să credem şi să ştim că Tu eşti Sfântul lui Dumnezeu!

70 Isus le-a zis:

– Nu v-am ales Eu pe voi, cei doisprezece? Şi totuşi unul dintre voi este un diavol[m].

71 Vorbea despre Iuda, fiul lui Simon Iscarioteanul, pentru că acesta, deşi era unul dintre cei doisprezece, urma să-L trădeze.

Footnotes

  1. Ioan 6:1 Marea (sau Lacul) Galileii era cunoscută sub mai multe denumiri: Chineret, Ghenezaret, Tiberiadei
  2. Ioan 6:7 Un denar era plata obişnuită pentru o zi de muncă (soldaţii romani primeau, de asemenea, un denar pe zi); deci, câştigul pentru 8 luni de zile, luând în calcul Sabatele şi sărbătorile
  3. Ioan 6:10 Vezi Mt. 14:21
  4. Ioan 6:14 Vezi Deut. 18:15
  5. Ioan 6:19 O stadie (gr.: stadion) măsura aproximativ 185 m; 25-30 stadii erau aproximativ 4,6 km-5,5 km
  6. Ioan 6:25 Vezi nota de la 1:38
  7. Ioan 6:31 Un citat din Ps. 78:24; vezi şi Ex. 16:4; Neem. 9:15
  8. Ioan 6:45 Vezi Is. 54:13
  9. Ioan 6:47 Cele mai importante şi mai timpurii mss nu conţin aceste cuvinte
  10. Ioan 6:59 Lit.: întrunire sau loc de adunare; centru al comunităţii, loc public de rugăciune, de închinare şi de citire a Scripturilor, acolo unde existau cel puţin zece bărbaţi. Ca instituţie, Sinagoga a apărut în timpul exilului babilonian (după 586 î.Cr.); peste tot în carte
  11. Ioan 6:63 Sau: Duh
  12. Ioan 6:66 Sau: Din acel moment
  13. Ioan 6:70 Gr.: diabolos, care înseamnă bârfitor, defăimător, calomniator; peste tot în carte
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John 6
New English Translation

The Feeding of the Five Thousand

6 After this[a] Jesus went away to the other side of the Sea of Galilee (also called the Sea of Tiberias).[b] 2 A large crowd was following him because they were observing the miraculous signs he was performing on the sick. 3 So Jesus went on up the mountainside[c] and sat down there with his disciples. 4 (Now the Jewish Feast of the Passover[d] was near.)[e] 5 Then Jesus, when he looked up[f] and saw that a large crowd was coming to him, said to Philip, “Where can we buy bread so that these people may eat?” 6 (Now Jesus[g] said this to test him, for he knew what he was going to do.)[h] 7 Philip replied,[i] “200 silver coins worth[j] of bread would not be enough for them, for each one to get a little.” 8 One of Jesus’ disciples,[k] Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, said to him, 9 “Here is a boy who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good[l] are these for so many people?”

10 Jesus said, “Have[m] the people sit down.” (Now there was a lot of grass in that place.)[n] So the men[o] sat down, about 5,000 in number. 11 Then Jesus took the loaves, and when he had given thanks, he distributed the bread to those who were seated. He then did the same with the fish,[p] as much as they wanted. 12 When they were all satisfied, Jesus[q] said to his disciples, “Gather up the broken pieces that are left over, so that nothing is wasted.” 13 So they gathered them up and filled twelve baskets with broken pieces from the five barley loaves[r] left over by the people who had eaten.

14 Now when the people saw the miraculous sign that Jesus[s] performed, they began to say to one another, “This is certainly the Prophet[t] who is to come into the world.”[u] 15 Then Jesus, because he knew they were going to come and seize him by force to make him king, withdrew again up the mountainside alone.[v]

Walking on Water

16 Now when evening came, his disciples went down to the lake,[w] 17 got into a boat,[x] and started to cross the lake[y] to Capernaum.[z] (It had already become dark, and Jesus had not yet come to them.)[aa] 18 By now a strong wind was blowing and the sea was getting rough. 19 Then, when they had rowed about three or four miles,[ab] they caught sight of Jesus walking on the lake,[ac] approaching the boat, and they were frightened. 20 But he said to them, “It is I. Do not be afraid.” 21 Then they wanted to take him into the boat, and immediately the boat came to the land where they had been heading.

22 The next day the crowd that remained on the other side of the lake[ad] realized that only one small boat[ae] had been there, and that Jesus had not boarded[af] it with his disciples, but that his disciples had gone away alone. 23 Other boats from Tiberias came to shore[ag] near the place where they had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.[ah] 24 So when the crowd realized that neither Jesus nor his disciples were there, they got into the boats[ai] and came to Capernaum[aj] looking for Jesus.

Jesus’ Discourse About the Bread of Life

25 When they found him on the other side of the lake,[ak] they said to him, “Rabbi, when did you get here?”[al] 26 Jesus replied,[am] “I tell you the solemn truth,[an] you are looking for me not because you saw miraculous signs, but because you ate all the loaves of bread you wanted.[ao] 27 Do not work for the food that disappears,[ap] but for the food that remains to eternal life—the food[aq] which the Son of Man will give to you. For God the Father has put his seal of approval on him.”[ar]

28 So then they said to him, “What must we do to accomplish the deeds[as] God requires?”[at] 29 Jesus replied,[au] “This is the deed[av] God requires[aw]—to believe in the one whom he[ax] sent.” 30 So they said to him, “Then what miraculous sign will you perform, so that we may see it and believe you? What will you do? 31 Our ancestors[ay] ate the manna in the wilderness, just as it is written, ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’”[az]

32 Then Jesus told them, “I tell you the solemn truth,[ba] it is not Moses who has given you the bread from heaven, but my Father is giving you the true bread from heaven. 33 For the bread of God is the one who[bb] comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.” 34 So they said to him, “Sir,[bc] give us this bread all the time!”

35 Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life. The one who comes to me will never go hungry, and the one who believes in me will never be thirsty.[bd] 36 But I told you[be] that you have seen me[bf] and still do not believe. 37 Everyone whom the Father gives me will come to me, and the one who comes to me I will never send away.[bg] 38 For I have come down from heaven not to do my own will but the will of the one who sent me. 39 Now this is the will of the one who sent me—that I should not lose one person of every one he has given me, but raise them all up[bh] at the last day. 40 For this is the will of my Father—for everyone who looks on the Son and believes in him to have eternal life, and I will raise him up[bi] at the last day.”[bj]

41 Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus[bk] began complaining about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven,” 42 and they said, “Isn’t this Jesus the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How can he now say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?” 43 Jesus replied,[bl] “Do not complain about me to one another.[bm] 44 No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him,[bn] and I will raise him up at the last day. 45 It is written in the prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’[bo] Everyone who hears and learns from the Father[bp] comes to me. 46 (Not that anyone has seen the Father except the one who is from God—he[bq] has seen the Father.)[br] 47 I tell you the solemn truth,[bs] the one who believes[bt] has eternal life.[bu] 48 I am the bread of life.[bv] 49 Your ancestors[bw] ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died. 50 This[bx] is the bread that has come down from heaven, so that a person[by] may eat from it and not die. 51 I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats from this bread he will live forever. The bread[bz] that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”

52 Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus[ca] began to argue with one another,[cb] “How can this man[cc] give us his flesh to eat?” 53 Jesus said to them, “I tell you the solemn truth,[cd] unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood,[ce] you have no life[cf] in yourselves. 54 The one who eats[cg] my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.[ch] 55 For my flesh is true[ci] food, and my blood is true[cj] drink. 56 The one who eats[ck] my flesh and drinks my blood resides in me, and I in him.[cl] 57 Just as the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so the one who consumes[cm] me will live because of me. 58 This[cn] is the bread that came down from heaven; it is not like the bread your ancestors[co] ate, but then later died.[cp] The one who eats[cq] this bread will live forever.”

Many Followers Depart

59 Jesus[cr] said these things while he was teaching in the synagogue[cs] in Capernaum.[ct] 60 Then many of his disciples, when they heard these things,[cu] said, “This is a difficult[cv] saying![cw] Who can understand it?”[cx] 61 When Jesus was aware[cy] that his disciples were complaining[cz] about this, he said to them, “Does this cause you to be offended?[da] 62 Then what if you see the Son of Man ascending where he was before?[db] 63 The Spirit is the one who gives life; human nature is of no help![dc] The words that I have spoken to you are spirit and are life.[dd] 64 But there are some of you who do not believe.” (For Jesus had already known from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.)[de] 65 So Jesus added,[df] “Because of this I told you that no one can come to me unless the Father has allowed him to come.”[dg]

Peter’s Confession

66 After this many of his disciples quit following him[dh] and did not accompany him[di] any longer. 67 So Jesus said to the twelve, “You don’t want to go away too, do you?”[dj] 68 Simon Peter answered him, “Lord, to whom would we go? You have the words of eternal life. 69 We[dk] have come to believe and to know[dl] that you are the Holy One of God!”[dm] 70 Jesus replied,[dn] “Didn’t I choose you, the twelve, and yet one of you is the devil?”[do] 71 (Now he said this about Judas son of Simon Iscariot,[dp] for Judas,[dq] one of the twelve, was going to betray him.)[dr]

Footnotes

  1. John 6:1 tn Again, μετὰ ταῦτα (meta tauta) is a vague temporal reference. How Jesus got from Jerusalem to Galilee is not explained, which has led many scholars (e.g., Bernard, Bultmann, and Schnackenburg) to posit either editorial redaction or some sort of rearrangement or dislocation of material (such as reversing the order of chaps. 5 and 6, for example). Such a rearrangement of the material would give a simple and consistent connection of events, but in the absence of all external evidence it does not seem to be supportable. R. E. Brown (John [AB], 1:236) says that such an arrangement is attractive in some ways but not compelling, and that no rearrangement can solve all the geographical and chronological problems in John.
  2. John 6:1 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. Only John in the New Testament refers to the Sea of Galilee by the name Sea of Tiberias (see also John 21:1), but this is correct local usage. In the mid-20’s Herod completed the building of the town of Tiberias on the southwestern shore of the lake; after this time the name came into use for the lake itself.
  3. John 6:3 sn Up on the mountainside does not necessarily refer to a particular mountain or hillside, but may simply mean “the hill country” or “the high ground,” referring to the high country east of the Sea of Galilee (known today as the Golan Heights).
  4. John 6:4 sn Passover. According to John’s sequence of material, considerable time has elapsed since the feast of 5:1. If the feast in 5:1 was Pentecost of a.d. 31, then this feast would be the Passover of a.d. 32, just one year before Jesus’ crucifixion.
  5. John 6:4 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
  6. John 6:5 tn Grk “when he lifted up his eyes” (an idiom).
  7. John 6:6 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  8. John 6:6 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
  9. John 6:7 tn Grk “Philip answered him.”
  10. John 6:7 tn Grk “200 denarii.” The denarius was a silver coin worth about a day’s wage for a laborer; this would be an amount worth about eight months’ pay.
  11. John 6:8 tn Grk “one of his disciples.”
  12. John 6:9 tn Grk “but what are these”; the word “good” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
  13. John 6:10 tn Grk “Make.”
  14. John 6:10 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author (suggesting an eyewitness recollection).
  15. John 6:10 tn Here “men” has been used in the translation because the following number, 5,000, probably included only adult males (see the parallel in Matt 14:21).
  16. John 6:11 tn Grk “likewise also (he distributed) from the fish.”
  17. John 6:12 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  18. John 6:13 sn Note that the fish mentioned previously (in John 6:9) are not emphasized here, only the five barley loaves. This is easy to understand, however, because the bread is of primary importance for the author in view of Jesus’ upcoming discourse on the Bread of Life.
  19. John 6:14 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  20. John 6:14 sn The Prophet is a reference to the “prophet like Moses” of Deut 18:15, by this time an eschatological figure in popular belief.
  21. John 6:14 sn An allusion to Deut 18:15.
  22. John 6:15 sn Jesus, knowing that his “hour” had not yet come (and would not, in this fashion) withdrew again up the mountainside alone. The ministry of miracles in Galilee, ending with this, the multiplication of the bread (the last public miracle in Galilee recorded by John) aroused such a popular response that there was danger of an uprising. This would have given the authorities a legal excuse to arrest Jesus. The nature of Jesus’ kingship will become an issue again in the passion narrative of the Fourth Gospel (John 18:33ff.). Furthermore, the volatile reaction of the Galileans to the signs prepares for and foreshadows the misunderstanding of the miracle itself, and even the misunderstanding of Jesus’ explanation of it (John 6:22-71).
  23. John 6:16 tn Or “sea.” The Greek word indicates a rather large body of water, but the English word “sea” normally indicates very large bodies of water, so the word “lake” in English is a closer approximation.
  24. John 6:17 sn A boat large enough to hold the Twelve would be of considerable size. In 1986 following a period of drought and low lake levels, a fishing boat from the first century was discovered on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. It was excavated and preserved and can now be seen in the Yigal Allon Museum in Kibbutz Ginosar north of Tiberias. The remains of the boat are 27 ft (8.27 m) long and 7.5 ft (2.3 m) wide; it could be rowed by four rowers and had a mast for a sail. The boat is now known as the “Jesus boat” or the “Sea of Galilee boat” although there is no known historical connection of any kind with Jesus or his disciples. However, the boat is typical for the period and has provided archaeologists with much information about design and construction of boats on the Sea of Galilee in the first century.
  25. John 6:17 tn Or “sea.” See the note on “lake” in the previous verse.
  26. John 6:17 sn Capernaum was a town located on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee, 680 ft (204 m) below sea level. It existed since Hasmonean times and was a major trade and economic center in the North Galilean region. The population in the first century is estimated to be around 1,500. Capernaum became the hub of operations for Jesus’ Galilean ministry (Matt 4:13; Mark 2:1). In modern times the site was discovered in 1838 by the American explorer E. Robinson, and major excavations began in 1905 by German archaeologists H. Kohl and C. Watzinger. Not until 1968, however, were remains from the time of Jesus visible; in that year V. Corbo and S. Loffreda began a series of annual archaeological campaigns that lasted until 1985. This work uncovered what is thought to be the house of Simon Peter as well as ruins of the first century synagogue beneath the later synagogue from the fourth or fifth century A.D. Today gently rolling hills and date palms frame the first century site, a favorite tourist destination of visitors to the Galilee.
  27. John 6:17 sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.
  28. John 6:19 tn Grk “about twenty-five or thirty stades” (a stade as a unit of linear measure is about 607 feet or 185 meters).sn About three or four miles. The Sea of Galilee was at its widest point 7 mi (11.6 km) by 12 mi (20 km). So at this point the disciples were in about the middle of the lake.
  29. John 6:19 tn Or “sea.” See the note on “lake” in v. 16. John uses the phrase ἐπί (epi, “on”) followed by the genitive (as in Mark, instead of Matthew’s ἐπί followed by the accusative) to describe Jesus walking “on the lake.”
  30. John 6:22 tn Or “sea.” See the note on “lake” in v. 16.
  31. John 6:22 tc Most witnesses have after “one” the phrase “which his disciples had entered” (ἐκεῖνο εἰς ὃ ἐνέβησαν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ, ekeino eis ho enebēsan hoi mathētai autou) although there are several permutations of this clause ([א* D] Θ [ƒ13 33] M [sa]). The witnesses that lack this expression are, however, significant and diffused (P75 א2 A B L N W Ψ 1 565 579 1241 al lat). The clarifying nature of the longer reading, the multiple variants from it, and the weighty testimony for the shorter reading all argue against the authenticity of the longer text in any of its variations.
  32. John 6:22 tn Grk “entered.”
  33. John 6:23 tn Or “boats from Tiberias landed”; Grk “came.”
  34. John 6:23 tc D 091 a e sys,c lack the phrase “after the Lord had given thanks” (εὐχαριστήσαντος τοῦ κυρίου, eucharistēsantos tou kuriou), while almost all the rest of the witnesses (P75 א A B L W Θ Ψ 0141 [ƒ1] ƒ13 33 M as well as several versions and fathers) have the words (though l672 l950 syp read ᾿Ιησοῦ [Iēsou, “Jesus”] instead of κυρίου). Although the shorter reading has minimal support, it is significant that this Gospel speaks of Jesus as Lord in the evangelist’s narrative descriptions only in 11:2; 20:18, 20; 21:12; and possibly 4:1 (but see tc note on “Jesus” there). There is thus but one undisputed preresurrection text in which the narrator calls Jesus “Lord.” This fact can be utilized on behalf of either reading: The participial phrase could be seen as a scribal addition harking back to 6:11 but which does not fit Johannine style, or it could be viewed as truly authentic and in line with what John indisputably does elsewhere even if rarely. On balance, in light of the overwhelming support for these words it is probably best to retain them in the text.
  35. John 6:24 tn Or “embarked in the boats.”
  36. John 6:24 sn See the note on Capernaum at John 6:17.
  37. John 6:25 tn Or “sea.” See the note on “lake” in v. 16.
  38. John 6:25 sn John 6:25-31. The previous miracle of the multiplication of the bread had taken place near the town of Tiberias (cf. John 6:23). Jesus’ disciples set sail for Capernaum (6:17) and were joined by the Lord in the middle of the sea. The next day boats from Tiberias picked up a few of those who had seen the multiplication (certainly not the whole 5,000) and brought them to Capernaum. It was to this group that Jesus spoke in 6:26-27. But there were also people from Capernaum who had gathered to see Jesus, who had not witnessed the multiplication, and it was this group that asked Jesus for a miraculous sign like the manna (6:30-31). This would have seemed superfluous if it were the same crowd that had already seen the multiplication of the bread. But some from Capernaum had heard about it and wanted to see a similar miracle repeated.
  39. John 6:26 tn Grk “answered and said to them.”
  40. John 6:26 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
  41. John 6:26 tn Grk “because you ate of the loaves of bread and were filled.”
  42. John 6:27 tn Or “perishes” (this might refer to spoiling, but is more focused on the temporary nature of this kind of food).sn Do not work for the food that disappears. Note the wordplay on “work” here. This does not imply “working” for salvation, since the “work” is later explained (in John 6:29) as “to believe in the one whom he (the Father) sent.”
  43. John 6:27 tn The referent (the food) has been specified for clarity by repeating the word “food” from the previous clause.
  44. John 6:27 tn Grk “on this one.”
  45. John 6:28 tn Grk “the works.”
  46. John 6:28 tn Grk “What must we do to work the works of God?”
  47. John 6:29 tn Grk “answered and said to them.”
  48. John 6:29 tn Grk “the work.”
  49. John 6:29 tn Grk “This is the work of God.”
  50. John 6:29 tn Grk “that one” (i.e., God).
  51. John 6:31 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”
  52. John 6:31 sn A quotation from Ps 78:24 (referring to the events of Exod 16:4-36).
  53. John 6:32 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
  54. John 6:33 tn Or “he who.”
  55. John 6:34 tn Or “Lord.” The Greek κύριος (kurios) means both “Sir” and “Lord.” In this passage it is not at all clear at this point that the crowd is acknowledging Jesus as Lord. More likely this is simply a form of polite address (“sir”).
  56. John 6:35 tn Grk “the one who believes in me will not possibly thirst, ever.”sn The one who believes in me will never be thirsty. Note the parallelism between “coming to Jesus” in the first part of v. 35 and “believing in Jesus” in the second part of v. 35. For the author of the Gospel of John these terms are virtually equivalent, both referring to a positive response to Jesus (see John 3:17-21).
  57. John 6:36 tn Grk “But I said to you.”
  58. John 6:36 tc A few witnesses lack με (me, “me”; א A a b e q sys,c), while the rest of the tradition has the word (P66,75vid rell). It is possible that the mss that lack the pronoun preserve the original wording here, with the rest of the witnesses adding the pronoun for clarity’s sake. This likelihood increases since the object is not required in Greek. Without it, however, ambiguity increases: The referent could be “me” or it could be “signs,” reaching back to vv. 26 and 30. However, the oblique form of ἐγώ (egō, the first person personal pronoun) occurs some two dozen times in this chapter alone, yet it vacillates between the emphatic form and the unemphatic form. Although generally the unemphatic form is used with verbs, there are several exceptions to this in John (cf. 8:12; 12:26, 45, 48; 13:20; 14:9). If the pronoun is a later addition here, one wonders why it is so consistently the unemphatic form in the mss. Further, that two unrelated Greek witnesses lack this small word could easily be due to accidental deletion. Finally, the date and diversity of the witnesses for the pronoun are so weighty that it is likely to be authentic and should thus be retained in the text.
  59. John 6:37 tn Or “drive away”; Grk “cast out.”
  60. John 6:39 tn Or “resurrect them all,” or “make them all live again”; Grk “raise it up.” The word “all” is supplied to bring out the collective nature of the neuter singular pronoun αὐτό (auto) in Greek. The plural pronoun “them” is used rather than neuter singular “it” because this is clearer in English, which does not use neuter collective singulars in the same way Greek does.
  61. John 6:40 tn Or “resurrect him,” or “make him live again.”
  62. John 6:40 sn Notice that here the result (having eternal life and being raised up at the last day) is produced by looking on the Son and believing in him. Compare John 6:54 where the same result is produced by eating Jesus’ flesh and drinking his blood. This suggests that the phrase in 6:54 (eats my flesh and drinks my blood) is to be understood in terms of the phrase here (looks on the Son and believes in him).
  63. John 6:41 tn Grk “Then the Jews.” In NT usage the term ᾿Ιουδαῖοι (Ioudaioi) may refer to the entire Jewish people, the residents of Jerusalem and surrounding territory, the authorities in Jerusalem, or merely those who were hostile to Jesus. (For further information see R. G. Bratcher, “‘The Jews’ in the Gospel of John,” BT 26 [1975]: 401-9.) Here the translation restricts the phrase to those Jews who were hostile to Jesus (cf. BDAG 479 s.v. ᾿Ιουδαῖος 2.e.β), since the “crowd” mentioned in 6:22-24 was almost all Jewish (as suggested by their addressing Jesus as “Rabbi” (6:25). Likewise, the designation “Judeans” does not fit here because the location is Galilee rather than Judea.
  64. John 6:43 tn Grk “answered and said to them.”
  65. John 6:43 tn Or “Do not grumble among yourselves.” The words “about me” are supplied to clarify the translation “complain to one another” (otherwise the Jewish opponents could be understood to be complaining about one another, rather than complaining to one another about Jesus).
  66. John 6:44 tn Or “attracts him,” or “pulls him.” The word is used of pulling or dragging, often by force. It is even used once of magnetic attraction (A. Oepke, TDNT 2:503).sn The Father who sent me draws him. The author never specifically explains what this “drawing” consists of. It is evidently some kind of attraction; whether it is binding and irresistible or not is not mentioned. But there does seem to be a parallel with 6:65, where Jesus says that no one is able to come to him unless the Father has allowed it. This apparently parallels the use of Isaiah by John to reflect the spiritual blindness of the Jewish leaders (see the quotations from Isaiah in John 9:41 and 12:39-40).
  67. John 6:45 sn A quotation from Isa 54:13.
  68. John 6:45 tn Or “listens to the Father and learns.”
  69. John 6:46 tn Grk “this one.”
  70. John 6:46 sn This is best taken as a parenthetical note by the author. Although some would attribute these words to Jesus himself, the switch from first person in Jesus’ preceding and following remarks to third person in v. 46 suggests that the author has added a clarifying comment here.
  71. John 6:47 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
  72. John 6:47 tc Most witnesses (A C2 D Ψ ƒ1,13 33 M lat and other versions) have “in me” (εἰς ἐμέ, eis eme) here, while the Sinaitic and Curetonian Syriac versions read “in God.” These clarifying readings are predictable variants, being motivated by the scribal tendency toward greater explicitness. That the earliest and best witnesses (P66,75vid א B C* L T W Θ 892) lack any object is solid testimony to the shorter text’s authenticity.
  73. John 6:47 tn Cf. John 6:40.
  74. John 6:48 tn That is, “the bread that produces (eternal) life.”
  75. John 6:49 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”
  76. John 6:50 tn Or “Here.”
  77. John 6:50 tn Grk “someone” (τις, tis).
  78. John 6:51 tn Grk “And the bread.”
  79. John 6:52 tn Grk “Then the Jews began to argue.” Here the translation restricts the phrase to those Jews who were hostile to Jesus (cf. BDAG 479 s.v. ᾿Ιουδαῖος 2.e.β), since the “crowd” mentioned in 6:22-24 was almost all Jewish (as suggested by their addressing Jesus as “Rabbi” (6:25). See also the note on the phrase “the Jews who were hostile to Jesus” in v. 41.
  80. John 6:52 tn Grk “with one another, saying.”
  81. John 6:52 tn Grk “this one,” “this person.”
  82. John 6:53 tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”
  83. John 6:53 sn Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood. These words are at the heart of the discourse on the Bread of Life, and have created great misunderstanding among interpreters. Anyone who is inclined toward a sacramental viewpoint will almost certainly want to take these words as a reference to the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper, or the Eucharist, because of the reference to eating and drinking. But this does not automatically follow: By anyone’s definition there must be a symbolic element to the eating which Jesus speaks of in the discourse, and once this is admitted, it is better to understand it here, as in the previous references in the passage, to a personal receiving of (or appropriation of) Christ and his work.
  84. John 6:53 tn That is, “no eternal life” (as opposed to physical life).
  85. John 6:54 tn Or “who chews”; Grk ὁ τρώγων (ho trōgōn). The alternation between ἐσθίω (esthiō, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trōgō, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) may simply reflect a preference for one form over the other on the author’s part, rather than an attempt to express a slightly more graphic meaning. If there is a difference, however, the word used here (τρώγω) is the more graphic and vivid of the two (“gnaw” or “chew”).
  86. John 6:54 sn Notice that here the result (has eternal life and I will raise him up at the last day) is produced by eating (Jesus’) flesh and drinking his blood. Compare John 6:40 where the same result is produced by “looking on the Son and believing in him.” This suggests that the phrase here (eats my flesh and drinks my blood) is to be understood by the phrase in 6:40 (looks on the Son and believes in him).
  87. John 6:55 tn Or “real.”
  88. John 6:55 tn Or “real.”
  89. John 6:56 tn Or “who chews.” On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esthiō, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trōgō, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.
  90. John 6:56 sn Resides in me, and I in him. Note how in John 6:54 eating Jesus’ flesh and drinking his blood produces eternal life and the promise of resurrection at the last day. Here the same process of eating Jesus’ flesh and drinking his blood leads to a relationship of mutual indwelling (resides in me, and I in him). This suggests strongly that for the author (and for Jesus) the concepts of ‘possessing eternal life’ and of ‘residing in Jesus’ are virtually interchangeable.
  91. John 6:57 tn Or “who chews”; Grk “who eats.” Here the translation “consumes” is more appropriate than simply “eats,” because it is the internalization of Jesus by the individual that is in view. On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esthiō, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trōgō, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.
  92. John 6:58 tn Or “This one.”
  93. John 6:58 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”
  94. John 6:58 tn Grk “This is the bread that came down from heaven, not just like your ancestors ate and died.” The cryptic Greek expression has been filled out in the translation for clarity.
  95. John 6:58 tn Or “who chews.” On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esthiō, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trōgō, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.
  96. John 6:59 tn Grk “He”; the referent (Jesus) is specified in the translation for clarity.
  97. John 6:59 sn A synagogue was a place for Jewish prayer and worship, with recognized leadership (cf. Luke 8:41). Though the origin of the synagogue is not entirely clear, it seems to have arisen in the postexilic community during the intertestamental period. A town could establish a synagogue if there were at least ten men. In normative Judaism of the NT period, the OT scripture was read and discussed in the synagogue by the men who were present (see the Mishnah, m. Megillah 3-4; m. Berakhot 2).
  98. John 6:59 sn See the note on Capernaum at John 6:17.
  99. John 6:60 tn The words “these things” are not present in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context, and must be supplied for the English reader.
  100. John 6:60 tn Or “hard,” “demanding.”
  101. John 6:60 tn Or “teaching”; Grk “word.”
  102. John 6:60 tn Or “obey it”; Grk “hear it.” The Greek word ἀκούω (akouō) could imply hearing with obedience here, in the sense of “obey.” It could also point to the acceptance of what Jesus had just said, (i.e., “who can accept what he said?” However, since the context contains several replies by those in the crowd of hearers that suggest uncertainty or confusion over the meaning of what Jesus had said (6:42; 6:52), the meaning “understand” is preferred here.
  103. John 6:61 tn Grk “When Jesus knew within himself.”
  104. John 6:61 tn Or “were grumbling.”
  105. John 6:61 tn Or “Does this cause you to no longer believe?” (Grk “cause you to stumble?”)sn Does this cause you to be offended? It became apparent to some of Jesus’ followers at this point that there would be a cost involved in following him. They had taken offense at some of Jesus’ teaching (perhaps the graphic imagery of “eating his flesh” and “drinking his blood”), and Jesus now warned them that if they thought this was a problem, there was an even worse cause for stumbling in store: his upcoming crucifixion (John 6:61b-62). Jesus asked, in effect, “Has what I just taught caused you to stumble? What will you do, then, if you see the Son of Man ascending where he was before?” This ascent is to be accomplished through the cross; for John, Jesus’ departure from this world and his return to the Father form one continual movement from cross to resurrection to ascension.
  106. John 6:62 tn Or “he was formerly?”
  107. John 6:63 tn Grk “the flesh counts for nothing.”
  108. John 6:63 tn Or “are spirit-giving and life-producing.”
  109. John 6:64 sn This is a parenthetical comment by the author.
  110. John 6:65 tn Grk “And he said”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  111. John 6:65 tn Grk “unless it has been permitted to him by the Father.”
  112. John 6:66 tn Grk “many of his disciples went back to what lay behind.”
  113. John 6:66 tn Grk “were not walking with him.”
  114. John 6:67 tn Questions prefaced with μή (mē) in Greek anticipate a negative answer. This can sometimes be indicated by using a “tag” at the end in English (here it is “do you?”).
  115. John 6:69 tn Grk “And we.”
  116. John 6:69 sn See 1 John 4:16.
  117. John 6:69 tc The witnesses display a bewildering array of variants here. Instead of “the Holy One of God” (ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ, ho hagios tou theou), Tertullian has ὁ Χριστός (ho Christos, “the Christ”); C3 Θ* ƒ1 33 565 lat read ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ (ho Christos ho huios tou theou, “the Christ, the Son of God”); two versional witnesses (b syc) have ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ (“the Son of God”); the Byzantine text as well as many others (Ψ 0250 ƒ13 33 M) read ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος (ho Christos ho huios tou theou tou zōntos, “the Christ, the Son of the living God”); and P66 as well as a few versions have ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ (“the Christ, the Holy One of God”). The reading ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ is, however, well supported by P75 א B C* D L W as well as versional witnesses. It appears that Peter’s confession in the Synoptic Gospels (especially Matt 16:16) supplied the motivation for the variations. Although the witnesses in Matt 16:16; Mark 8:29; and Luke 9:20 vary considerably, the readings are all intra-synoptic, that is, they do not pull in “the Holy One of God” but reflect various permutations of “Christ”/“Christ of God”/“Christ, the Son of God”/“Christ, the Son of the living God.” The wording “the Holy One of God” (without “Christ”) in significant witnesses here is thus unique among Peter’s confessions, and best explains the rise of the other readings.sn You have the words of eternal life…you are the Holy One of God! In contrast to the response of some of his disciples, here is the response of the twelve, whom Jesus then questioned concerning their loyalty to him. This was the big test, and the twelve, with Peter as spokesman, passed with flying colors. The confession here differs considerably from the synoptic accounts (Matt 16:16, Mark 8:29, and Luke 9:20) and concerns directly the disciples’ personal loyalty to Jesus, in contrast to those other disciples who had deserted him (John 6:66).
  118. John 6:70 tn Grk “Jesus answered them.”
  119. John 6:70 tn Although most translations render this last phrase as “one of you is a devil,” such a translation presupposes that there is more than one devil. This finds roots in the KJV in which the Greek word for demon was often translated “devil.” In fact, the KJV never uses the word “demon.” (Sixty-two of the 63 NT instances of δαιμόνιον [daimonion] are translated “devil” [in Acts 17:18 the plural has been translated “gods”]. This can get confusing in places where the singular “devil” is used: Is Satan or one of the demons in view [cf. Matt 9:33 (demon); 13:39 (devil); 17:18 (demon); Mark 7:26 (demon); Luke 4:2 (devil); etc.]?) Now regarding John 6:70, both the construction in Greek and the technical use of διάβολος (diabolos) indicate that the one devil is in view. To object to the translation “the devil” because it thus equates Judas with Satan does not take into consideration that Jesus often spoke figuratively (e.g., “destroy this temple” [John 2:19]; “he [John the Baptist] is Elijah” [Matt 11:14]), even equating Peter with the devil on one occasion (Mark 8:33). According to ExSyn 249, “A curious phenomenon has occurred in the English Bible with reference to one particular monadic noun, διάβολος. The KJV translates both διάβολος and δαιμόνιον as ‘devil.’ Thus in the AV translators’ minds, ‘devil’ was not a monadic noun. Modern translations have correctly rendered δαιμόνιον as ‘demon’ and have, for the most part, recognized that διάβολος is monadic (cf., e.g., 1 Pet 5:8; Rev 20:2). But in John 6:70 modern translations have fallen into the error of the King James translators. The KJV has ‘one of you is a devil.’ So does the RSV, NRSV, ASV, NIV, NKJV, and the JB [Jerusalem Bible]. Yet there is only one devil…The legacy of the KJV still lives on, then, even in places where it ought not.”
  120. John 6:71 sn At least six explanations for the name Iscariot have been proposed, but it is probably transliterated Hebrew with the meaning “man of Kerioth” (there are at least two villages that had that name). See D. A. Carson, John, 304.
  121. John 6:71 tn Grk “this one”; the referent (Judas) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  122. John 6:71 sn This parenthetical statement by the author helps the reader understand Jesus’ statement one of you is the devil in the previous verse. This is the first mention of Judas in the Fourth Gospel, and he is immediately identified (as he is in the synoptic gospels, Matt 10:4, Mark 3:19, Luke 6:16) as the one who would betray Jesus.
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John 6
New International Version

Jesus Feeds the Five Thousand(A)

6 Some time after this, Jesus crossed to the far shore of the Sea of Galilee (that is, the Sea of Tiberias), 2 and a great crowd of people followed him because they saw the signs(B) he had performed by healing the sick. 3 Then Jesus went up on a mountainside(C) and sat down with his disciples. 4 The Jewish Passover Festival(D) was near.

5 When Jesus looked up and saw a great crowd coming toward him, he said to Philip,(E) “Where shall we buy bread for these people to eat?” 6 He asked this only to test him, for he already had in mind what he was going to do.

7 Philip answered him, “It would take more than half a year’s wages[a] to buy enough bread for each one to have a bite!”

8 Another of his disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother,(F) spoke up, 9 “Here is a boy with five small barley loaves and two small fish, but how far will they go among so many?”(G)

10 Jesus said, “Have the people sit down.” There was plenty of grass in that place, and they sat down (about five thousand men were there). 11 Jesus then took the loaves, gave thanks,(H) and distributed to those who were seated as much as they wanted. He did the same with the fish.

12 When they had all had enough to eat, he said to his disciples, “Gather the pieces that are left over. Let nothing be wasted.” 13 So they gathered them and filled twelve baskets with the pieces of the five barley loaves left over by those who had eaten.

14 After the people saw the sign(I) Jesus performed, they began to say, “Surely this is the Prophet who is to come into the world.”(J) 15 Jesus, knowing that they intended to come and make him king(K) by force, withdrew again to a mountain by himself.(L)

Jesus Walks on the Water(M)

16 When evening came, his disciples went down to the lake, 17 where they got into a boat and set off across the lake for Capernaum. By now it was dark, and Jesus had not yet joined them. 18 A strong wind was blowing and the waters grew rough. 19 When they had rowed about three or four miles,[b] they saw Jesus approaching the boat, walking on the water;(N) and they were frightened. 20 But he said to them, “It is I; don’t be afraid.”(O) 21 Then they were willing to take him into the boat, and immediately the boat reached the shore where they were heading.

22 The next day the crowd that had stayed on the opposite shore of the lake(P) realized that only one boat had been there, and that Jesus had not entered it with his disciples, but that they had gone away alone.(Q) 23 Then some boats from Tiberias(R) landed near the place where the people had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.(S) 24 Once the crowd realized that neither Jesus nor his disciples were there, they got into the boats and went to Capernaum in search of Jesus.

Jesus the Bread of Life

25 When they found him on the other side of the lake, they asked him, “Rabbi,(T) when did you get here?”

26 Jesus answered, “Very truly I tell you, you are looking for me,(U) not because you saw the signs(V) I performed but because you ate the loaves and had your fill. 27 Do not work for food that spoils, but for food that endures(W) to eternal life,(X) which the Son of Man(Y) will give you. For on him God the Father has placed his seal(Z) of approval.”

28 Then they asked him, “What must we do to do the works God requires?”

29 Jesus answered, “The work of God is this: to believe(AA) in the one he has sent.”(AB)

30 So they asked him, “What sign(AC) then will you give that we may see it and believe you?(AD) What will you do? 31 Our ancestors ate the manna(AE) in the wilderness; as it is written: ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’[c]”(AF)

32 Jesus said to them, “Very truly I tell you, it is not Moses who has given you the bread from heaven, but it is my Father who gives you the true bread from heaven. 33 For the bread of God is the bread that comes down from heaven(AG) and gives life to the world.”

34 “Sir,” they said, “always give us this bread.”(AH)

35 Then Jesus declared, “I am(AI) the bread of life.(AJ) Whoever comes to me will never go hungry, and whoever believes(AK) in me will never be thirsty.(AL) 36 But as I told you, you have seen me and still you do not believe. 37 All those the Father gives me(AM) will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never drive away. 38 For I have come down from heaven(AN) not to do my will but to do the will(AO) of him who sent me.(AP) 39 And this is the will of him who sent me, that I shall lose none of all those he has given me,(AQ) but raise them up at the last day.(AR) 40 For my Father’s will is that everyone who looks to the Son(AS) and believes in him shall have eternal life,(AT) and I will raise them up at the last day.”

41 At this the Jews there began to grumble about him because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.” 42 They said, “Is this not Jesus, the son of Joseph,(AU) whose father and mother we know?(AV) How can he now say, ‘I came down from heaven’?”(AW)

43 “Stop grumbling among yourselves,” Jesus answered. 44 “No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws them,(AX) and I will raise them up at the last day. 45 It is written in the Prophets: ‘They will all be taught by God.’[d](AY) Everyone who has heard the Father and learned from him comes to me. 46 No one has seen the Father except the one who is from God;(AZ) only he has seen the Father. 47 Very truly I tell you, the one who believes has eternal life.(BA) 48 I am the bread of life.(BB) 49 Your ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, yet they died.(BC) 50 But here is the bread that comes down from heaven,(BD) which anyone may eat and not die. 51 I am the living bread(BE) that came down from heaven.(BF) Whoever eats this bread will live forever. This bread is my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world.”(BG)

52 Then the Jews(BH) began to argue sharply among themselves,(BI) “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”

53 Jesus said to them, “Very truly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh(BJ) of the Son of Man(BK) and drink his blood,(BL) you have no life in you. 54 Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise them up at the last day.(BM) 55 For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink. 56 Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in them.(BN) 57 Just as the living Father sent me(BO) and I live because of the Father, so the one who feeds on me will live because of me. 58 This is the bread that came down from heaven. Your ancestors ate manna and died, but whoever feeds on this bread will live forever.”(BP) 59 He said this while teaching in the synagogue in Capernaum.

Many Disciples Desert Jesus

60 On hearing it, many of his disciples(BQ) said, “This is a hard teaching. Who can accept it?”(BR)

61 Aware that his disciples were grumbling about this, Jesus said to them, “Does this offend you?(BS) 62 Then what if you see the Son of Man(BT) ascend to where he was before!(BU) 63 The Spirit gives life;(BV) the flesh counts for nothing. The words I have spoken to you—they are full of the Spirit[e] and life. 64 Yet there are some of you who do not believe.” For Jesus had known(BW) from the beginning which of them did not believe and who would betray him.(BX) 65 He went on to say, “This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless the Father has enabled them.”(BY)

66 From this time many of his disciples(BZ) turned back and no longer followed him.

67 “You do not want to leave too, do you?” Jesus asked the Twelve.(CA)

68 Simon Peter answered him,(CB) “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life.(CC) 69 We have come to believe and to know that you are the Holy One of God.”(CD)

70 Then Jesus replied, “Have I not chosen you,(CE) the Twelve? Yet one of you is a devil!”(CF) 71 (He meant Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot,(CG) who, though one of the Twelve, was later to betray him.)(CH)

Footnotes

  1. John 6:7 Greek take two hundred denarii
  2. John 6:19 Or about 5 or 6 kilometers
  3. John 6:31 Exodus 16:4; Neh. 9:15; Psalm 78:24,25
  4. John 6:45 Isaiah 54:13
  5. John 6:63 Or are Spirit; or are spirit
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