Genesis 38
The Voice
38 It was about this time that Judah decided to leave home, so he parted company with his brothers and went to see Hirah, a fellow from Adullam. 2 When he was there, Judah laid eyes on the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua. He married her and slept with her. 3 She conceived and gave birth to her first son. Judah named him Er. 4 She conceived again and gave birth to her second son, whom she named Onan. 5 She then gave birth to her third son, and she named him Shelah. (Judah was away in Chezib when she gave birth to him.)
6 Now Judah arranged for Er, his firstborn, to marry a woman named Tamar. 7 But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was a particularly wretched human being in the eyes of the Eternal One, and so the Eternal ended his life. Judah summoned his second son, Onan.
Judah (to Onan): 8 You know our customs and the duty of a brother-in-law in a situation like this. You must go and marry your brother’s wife and make sure your brother has an heir.
9 Resentful that any child born in this kind of marriage would not be his, Onan would interrupt intercourse and spill his semen onto the ground whenever he slept with his brother’s wife. That way he would not father a child that would belong to his brother. 10 Onan’s selfish behavior was as wretched as his brother’s to the eyes of the Eternal One; so the Eternal ended Onan’s life like his brother. 11 Judah summoned his daughter-in-law Tamar.
Judah: Tamar, it is best if you remain a widow in your father’s house until my son Shelah grows up.
Now Judah said this because he was afraid that Shelah, too, would die as his brothers had. So Tamar went and remained a widow with her father.
After losing two sons, Judah thinks Tamar must be a dangerous woman. What he isn’t willing to admit is that his own sons were wicked.
12 After a while, Judah’s wife (Shua’s daughter) also died. When Judah’s time of mourning was over, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite went to Timnah to work with his sheepshearers and enjoy the festivities. 13 When Tamar learned that her father-in-law would be coming to Timnah to shear his sheep, 14 she took off her widow’s clothes, put on a veil to conceal her true identity, and sat down at the entrance to Enaim along the road to Timnah. You see, Tamar harbored deep resentment toward her father-in-law because she knew by this time that Shelah had grown up, but she had not been given to him in marriage as Judah had promised. 15 When Judah passed by and saw her, he thought she was a prostitute because she had her face covered. 16 He decided to proposition her, so he walked over to her by the roadside.
Judah: Come on, I want to have sex with you.
He had no idea she was his daughter-in-law, but she had a proposition of her own.
Tamar: What will you give me in return if I do?
Judah: 17 I’ll send you a young goat from my flock. How about that?
Tamar: Only if you give me something to hold until you send it.
Judah: 18 What should I give you as my personal guarantee?
Tamar: Your personal seal on the cord you wear around your neck, plus the staff you carry.
Tamar knows Judah cannot be trusted, so she asks for two items so personal and unique they can easily be linked to him.
Judah did as she asked and gave her his seal and walking stick. He then went and slept with her, and she conceived his child. 19 Then she got up, took off the veil, and went back home, putting on her widow’s clothes once again.
20 Judah kept his word and sent his friend Hirah the Adullamite with the young goat so he could retrieve his seal and walking stick from the woman. But Judah’s friend couldn’t find her anywhere.
Hirah the Adullamite (to Timnah’s elders): 21 What happened to the temple prostitute who was at Enaim by the side of the road?
Elders: We have not seen any temple prostitute here.
22 Bewildered, the Adullamite returned to Judah.
Hirah the Adullamite: I couldn’t find her, and what’s odd is that the elders claimed they haven’t seen any temple prostitutes around there.
Judah: 23 Well let her keep my things then. If you go back, we’ll be laughed at. I did what I promised. I sent the young goat, and you tried but could not find her.
24 Approximately three months later, someone told Judah, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has been promiscuous. It’s obvious her business has even made her pregnant.”
Judah: Bring her out and expose her for what she is, and then let her be burned.
25 As she was being brought out, she sent word to her father-in-law.
Tamar: It was the owner of these items who made me pregnant. Please, take a close look and tell me whose personal seal, cord, and walking stick these are.
26 When Judah saw them, he realized they were his.
Judah: She is more in the right than I am. I did not keep my word and give her in marriage to my son, Shelah.
Judah didn’t sleep with her again.
27 When the time came for her to deliver, she discovered she was carrying twins. 28 While she was in labor, one of them put out a hand; and the midwife tied a scarlet thread on it, so she would know which one came out first. 29 But just then he drew his hand back into the womb, and his brother came out first. The midwife had never seen anything quite like this.
Midwife: What a breach you’ve made here, little one!
So the child was named Perez. 30 His brother followed, the one with the scarlet thread on his hand. He was named Zerah.
Genesis 38
New International Version
Judah and Tamar
38 At that time, Judah(A) left his brothers and went down to stay with a man of Adullam(B) named Hirah.(C) 2 There Judah met the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua.(D) He married her and made love to her; 3 she became pregnant and gave birth to a son, who was named Er.(E) 4 She conceived again and gave birth to a son and named him Onan.(F) 5 She gave birth to still another son and named him Shelah.(G) It was at Kezib that she gave birth to him.
6 Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.(H) 7 But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight;(I) so the Lord put him to death.(J)
8 Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife and fulfill your duty to her as a brother-in-law to raise up offspring for your brother.”(K) 9 But Onan knew that the child would not be his; so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to keep from providing offspring for his brother. 10 What he did was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death also.(L)
11 Judah then said to his daughter-in-law(M) Tamar,(N) “Live as a widow in your father’s household(O) until my son Shelah(P) grows up.”(Q) For he thought, “He may die too, just like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s household.
12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua,(R) died. When Judah had recovered from his grief, he went up to Timnah,(S) to the men who were shearing his sheep,(T) and his friend Hirah the Adullamite(U) went with him.
13 When Tamar(V) was told, “Your father-in-law is on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep,”(W) 14 she took off her widow’s clothes,(X) covered herself with a veil(Y) to disguise herself, and then sat down(Z) at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah.(AA) For she saw that, though Shelah(AB) had now grown up, she had not been given to him as his wife.
15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute,(AC) for she had covered her face. 16 Not realizing(AD) that she was his daughter-in-law,(AE) he went over to her by the roadside and said, “Come now, let me sleep with you.”(AF)
“And what will you give me to sleep with you?”(AG) she asked.
17 “I’ll send you a young goat(AH) from my flock,” he said.
“Will you give me something as a pledge(AI) until you send it?” she asked.
18 He said, “What pledge should I give you?”
“Your seal(AJ) and its cord, and the staff(AK) in your hand,” she answered. So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.(AL) 19 After she left, she took off her veil and put on her widow’s clothes(AM) again.
20 Meanwhile Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite(AN) in order to get his pledge(AO) back from the woman, but he did not find her. 21 He asked the men who lived there, “Where is the shrine prostitute(AP) who was beside the road at Enaim?”
“There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here,” they said.
22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I didn’t find her. Besides, the men who lived there said, ‘There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here.’”
23 Then Judah said, “Let her keep what she has,(AQ) or we will become a laughingstock.(AR) After all, I did send her this young goat, but you didn’t find her.”
24 About three months later Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar is guilty of prostitution, and as a result she is now pregnant.”
Judah said, “Bring her out and have her burned to death!”(AS)
25 As she was being brought out, she sent a message to her father-in-law. “I am pregnant by the man who owns these,” she said. And she added, “See if you recognize whose seal and cord and staff these are.”(AT)
26 Judah recognized them and said, “She is more righteous than I,(AU) since I wouldn’t give her to my son Shelah.(AV)” And he did not sleep with her again.
27 When the time came for her to give birth, there were twin boys in her womb.(AW) 28 As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife(AX) took a scarlet thread and tied it on his wrist(AY) and said, “This one came out first.” 29 But when he drew back his hand, his brother came out,(AZ) and she said, “So this is how you have broken out!” And he was named Perez.[a](BA) 30 Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread on his wrist,(BB) came out. And he was named Zerah.[b](BC)
Footnotes
- Genesis 38:29 Perez means breaking out.
- Genesis 38:30 Zerah can mean scarlet or brightness.
Genesis 38
New King James Version
Judah and Tamar
38 It came to pass at that time that Judah departed from his brothers, and (A)visited a certain Adullamite whose name was Hirah. 2 And Judah (B)saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite whose name was (C)Shua, and he married her and went in to her. 3 So she conceived and bore a son, and he called his name (D)Er. 4 She conceived again and bore a son, and she called his name (E)Onan. 5 And she conceived yet again and bore a son, and called his name (F)Shelah. He was at Chezib when she bore him.
6 Then Judah (G)took a wife for Er his firstborn, and her name was (H)Tamar. 7 But (I)Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord, (J)and the Lord killed him. 8 And Judah said to Onan, “Go in to (K)your brother’s wife and marry her, and raise up an heir to your brother.” 9 But Onan knew that the heir would not be (L)his; and it came to pass, when he went in to his brother’s wife, that he emitted on the ground, lest he should give an heir to his brother. 10 And the thing which he did [a]displeased the Lord; therefore He killed (M)him also.
11 Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, (N)“Remain a widow in your father’s house till my son Shelah is grown.” For he said, “Lest he also die like his brothers.” And Tamar went and dwelt (O)in her father’s house.
12 Now in the process of time the daughter of Shua, Judah’s wife, died; and Judah (P)was comforted, and went up to his sheepshearers at Timnah, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite. 13 And it was told Tamar, saying, “Look, your father-in-law is going up (Q)to Timnah to shear his sheep.” 14 So she took off her widow’s garments, covered herself with a veil and wrapped herself, and (R)sat in an open place which was on the way to Timnah; for she saw (S)that Shelah was grown, and she was not given to him as a wife. 15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a harlot, because she had covered her face. 16 Then he turned to her by the way, and said, “Please let me come in to you”; for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.
So she said, “What will you give me, that you may come in to me?”
17 And he said, (T)“I will send a young goat from the flock.”
So she said, (U)“Will you give me a pledge till you send it?”
18 Then he said, “What pledge shall I give you?”
So she said, (V)“Your signet and cord, and your staff that is in your hand.” Then he gave them to her, and went in to her, and she conceived by him. 19 So she arose and went away, and (W)laid aside her veil and put on the garments of her widowhood.
20 And Judah sent the young goat by the hand of his friend the Adullamite, to receive his pledge from the woman’s hand, but he did not find her. 21 Then he asked the men of that place, saying, “Where is the harlot who was [b]openly by the roadside?”
And they said, “There was no harlot in this place.”
22 So he returned to Judah and said, “I cannot find her. Also, the men of the place said there was no harlot in this place.”
23 Then Judah said, “Let her take them for herself, lest we be shamed; for I sent this young goat and you have not found her.”
24 And it came to pass, about three months after, that Judah was told, saying, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has (X)played the harlot; furthermore she is [c]with child by harlotry.”
So Judah said, “Bring her out (Y)and let her be burned!”
25 When she was brought out, she sent to her father-in-law, saying, “By the man to whom these belong, I am with child.” And she said, (Z)“Please determine whose these are—the signet and cord, and staff.”
26 So Judah (AA)acknowledged them and said, (AB)“She has been more righteous than I, because (AC)I did not give her to Shelah my son.” And he (AD)never knew her again.
27 Now it came to pass, at the time for giving birth, that behold, twins were in her womb. 28 And so it was, when she was giving birth, that the one put out his hand; and the midwife took a scarlet thread and bound it on his hand, saying, “This one came out first.” 29 Then it happened, as he drew back his hand, that his brother came out unexpectedly; and she said, “How did you break through? This breach be upon you!” Therefore his name was called (AE)Perez.[d] 30 Afterward his brother came out who had the scarlet thread on his hand. And his name was called (AF)Zerah.
Footnotes
- Genesis 38:10 Lit. was evil in the eyes of
- Genesis 38:21 in full view
- Genesis 38:24 pregnant
- Genesis 38:29 Lit. Breach or Breakthrough
Genesis 38
Het Boek
Juda en Tamar
38 In deze tijd scheidde Juda zich af van zijn broers en trok naar Adullam, waar hij een vriend kreeg, Chira genaamd. 2 Hij ontmoette daar een Kanaänitisch meisje en trouwde met haar. Zij was de dochter van Sua. 3-5 Zij woonden in Chezib en kregen drie zonen: Er, Onan en Sela. Hun moeder had hun namen gegeven, uitgezonderd Er, die had zijn naam van zijn vader gekregen.
6 Toen zijn oudste zoon Er opgroeide, regelde Juda een huwelijk voor hem met een meisje dat Tamar heette. 7 Maar Er was een slecht mens en de Here doodde hem. 8 Toen zei Juda tegen Ers broer, Onan: ‘Jij moet met Tamar trouwen, zoals de wet dat voorschrijft aan de broer van een dode. De zonen die zij van jou krijgt, zullen Ers erfgenamen zijn.’ 9 Maar Onan zat helemaal niet te wachten op een kind dat hij nooit het zijne zou kunnen noemen. Hij trouwde wel met Tamar, maar elke keer dat zij met elkaar sliepen, liet hij zijn zaad op de grond terechtkomen, zodat zij geen kind kon krijgen dat aan zijn broer behoorde. 10 Dat was echter zonde in de ogen van de Here en Hij doodde ook Onan.
11 Toen zei Juda tegen zijn schoondochter Tamar dat ze niet moest hertrouwen, maar teruggaan naar haar ouders. Als Judaʼs jongste zoon Sela oud genoeg was, kon die met de weduwe van zijn oudere broers trouwen. Hij was eigenlijk niet van plan Sela met haar te laten trouwen, want hij was bang dat Sela dan ook zou sterven. Zo ging Tamar terug naar haar ouderlijk huis.
12 Na verloop van tijd stierf Judaʼs vrouw. Na de rouwtijd gingen Juda en zijn vriend Chira, de Adullamiet, naar Timna om toezicht te houden op het scheren van de schapen. 13 Toen iemand Tamar vertelde dat haar schoonvader naar Timna was vertrokken voor het schaapscheren en zij zich realiseerde dat Juda haar nooit met Sela zou laten trouwen, ook al was die nu volwassen, 14 deed ze haar weduwenkleding uit en bedekte haar gezicht met een sluier. Zo vermomd ging zij zitten bij de toegangsweg naar Enaïm, langs de weg naar Timna. 15 Juda zag haar toen hij langs kwam en dacht dat zij een prostituee was, omdat zij een sluier droeg. 16 Hij kwam op haar af en stelde haar voor met hem te slapen, niet wetend dat zij zijn eigen schoondochter was. ‘Wat betaalt u mij daarvoor?’ vroeg zij. 17 ‘Ik zal u een jonge geit uit mijn kudde sturen,’ beloofde hij. ‘Kunt u mij een onderpand geven, zodat ik zeker weet dat u die geit zult sturen?’ wilde zij weten. 18 ‘Welk onderpand zou u willen hebben?’ informeerde hij. ‘Uw zegelring en uw wandelstok,’ antwoordde zij. Die gaf hij haar. Daarna liep hij met haar mee en zij sliepen met elkaar. Zo raakte zij in verwachting. 19 Hierna deed ze haar sluier af en trok ze haar weduwenkleding weer aan.
20 Juda vroeg zijn vriend Chira haar de jonge geit te bezorgen en het onderpand mee terug te nemen. Maar Chira kon haar niet vinden. 21 Hij deed navraag bij de mannen van de stad: ‘Waar woont die prostituee die hier langs de weg zat?’ ‘Wij hebben hier nooit een publieke vrouw gehad,’ antwoordden zij. 22 Chira ging terug naar Juda en vertelde hem dat hij haar nergens kon vinden en wat de mannen van Enaïm hadden gezegd. 23 ‘Nou, laat ze die spullen dan maar houden!’ riep Juda uit. ‘Wij hebben ons best gedaan. Iedereen zou ons uitlachen als we nog eens teruggingen.’
24 Ongeveer drie maanden later hoorde Juda dat zijn schoondochter Tamar in verwachting was, waarschijnlijk door prostitutie. ‘Breng haar naar buiten en verbrand haar!’ schreeuwde Juda. 25 Maar toen zij werd meegenomen, liet Tamar een boodschap naar haar schoonvader sturen: ‘De eigenaar van deze zegelring en deze wandelstok is de vader van mijn kind. Herkent u ze?’ 26 Juda gaf toe dat de zegelring en de wandelstok van hem waren en zei: ‘Zij staat meer in haar recht dan ik, want ik heb mijn belofte dat zij met mijn zoon Sela mocht trouwen, niet gehouden.’ Maar hij trouwde toch niet met haar. 27 Het moment van de bevalling brak aan en Tamar kreeg een tweeling. 28 Bij de geboorte bond de vroedvrouw een rode draad om de pols van het kind dat het eerst verscheen, 29 maar het kind trok zijn hand terug om plaats te maken voor zijn broer. ‘Dat is een doorzetter!’ riep de vroedvrouw. Daarom noemde zij het kind Peres (Doorbraak). 30 Even later kwam ook het kind met de rode draad om de pols ter wereld. Zij noemde hem Zerach (Opgang).
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Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
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