Genesis 38
International Children’s Bible
Judah and Tamar
38 About that time, Judah left his brothers. He went to stay with a man named Hirah. Hirah was from the town of Adullam. 2 Judah met a Canaanite girl there and married her. Her father was named Shua. And Judah had intimate relations with her. 3 She became pregnant and gave birth to a son. Judah named him Er. 4 Later she gave birth to another son. She named him Onan. 5 Later she had another son. She named him Shelah. She was at Kezib when this third son was born.
6 Judah chose a girl named Tamar to be the wife of his first son Er. 7 Er was Judah’s oldest son. But he did what the Lord said was evil. So the Lord killed him. 8 Then Judah said to Er’s brother Onan, “Go and have physical relations with your dead brother’s wife.[a] It is your duty to provide children for your brother in this way.”
9 But Onan knew that the children would not belong to him. Onan was supposed to have physical relations with Tamar. But he did not complete the physical act. This made it impossible for Tamar to become pregnant. So Er could not have descendants. 10 The Lord was displeased by this wicked thing Onan had done. So the Lord killed Onan also. 11 Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Go back to live in your father’s house. And don’t marry until my young son Shelah grows up.” Judah was afraid that Shelah also would die like his brothers. So Tamar returned to her father’s home.
12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua, died. After Judah had gotten over his sorrow, he went to Timnah. He went to his men who were cutting the wool from his sheep. His friend Hirah from Adullam went with him. 13 Tamar learned that Judah, her father-in-law, was going to Timnah to cut the wool from his sheep. 14 So she took off the clothes that showed she was a widow. Then she covered her face with a veil to hide who she was. She sat down by the gate of Enaim. It was on the road to Timnah. She did this because Judah’s younger son Shelah had grown up. But Judah had not made plans for her to marry him.
15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute. This was because she had covered her face with a veil. 16 So Judah went to her and said, “Let me have physical relations with you.” He did not know that she was Tamar, his daughter-in-law.
She asked, “What will you give me if I let you have physical relations with me?”
17 Judah answered, “I will send you a young goat from my flock.”
She answered, “First give me something to keep as a deposit until you send the goat.”
18 Judah asked, “What do you want me to give you as a deposit?”
Tamar answered, “Give me your seal and its cord,[b] and give me your walking stick.” So Judah gave these things to her. Then Judah and Tamar had physical relations, and Tamar became pregnant. 19 Tamar went home. She took off the veil that covered her face. And she put on the clothes that showed she was a widow.
20 Judah sent his friend Hirah with the young goat. Judah told Hirah to find the woman and get back his seal and the walking stick he had given her. But Hirah could not find her. 21 Hirah asked some of the men at the town of Enaim, “Where is the prostitute who was here by the road?”
The men answered, “There has never been a prostitute here.”
22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I could not find the woman. The men who lived there said, ‘There has never been a prostitute here.’”
23 Judah said, “Let her keep the things. I don’t want people to laugh at us. I sent her the goat as I promised. But you could not find her.”
24 About three months later someone told Judah, “Tamar, your daughter-in-law, is guilty of acting like a prostitute. Now she is pregnant.”
Then Judah said, “Bring her out and let her be burned to death.”
25 When the men went to bring Tamar out, she sent a message to her father-in-law. She said, “The man who owns these things has made me pregnant. Look at this seal and its cord and this walking stick. Tell me whose they are.”
26 Judah recognized them. He said, “She is more in the right than I. She did this because I did not give her to my son Shelah as I promised.” And Judah did not have physical relations with her again.
27 When time came for Tamar to give birth, there were twins in her body. 28 While she was giving birth, one baby put his hand out. The nurse tied a red string on his hand. She said, “This baby came out first.” 29 But he pulled his hand back in. So the other baby was born first. The nurse said, “So you are able to break out first.” And they named him Perez.[c] 30 After this, the baby with the red string on his hand was born. They named him Zerah.
Footnotes
- 38:8 Go . . . wife. It was a custom in Israel that if a man died without children, one of his brothers would marry the widow. If a child was born, it would be considered the dead man’s child.
- 38:18 seal . . . cord A seal was used like a rubber stamp. People ran a string through it to tie around the neck. They wrote a contract, folded it, put wax or clay on the contract, and pressed the seal onto it as a signature.
- 38:29 Perez This name means “breaking out.”
Genèse 38
La Bible du Semeur
Tamar donne une descendance à Juda
38 A la même époque, Juda se sépara de ses frères et alla vivre près d’un habitant d’Adoullam[a] nommé Hira. 2 Il vit là la fille d’un Cananéen nommé Shoua, il l’épousa et s’unit à elle. 3 Elle devint enceinte et lui donna un fils : il l’appela Er. 4 Elle devint encore enceinte et mit au monde un fils qu’elle appela Onân. 5 Elle eut encore un fils qu’elle appela Shéla. Quand sa femme accoucha du troisième, Juda se trouvait à Kezib.
6 Juda prit pour Er, son premier-né, une femme nommée Tamar. 7 Jugeant Er mauvais, l’Eternel le fit mourir. 8 Alors Juda dit à Onân : Accomplis ton devoir de proche parent du défunt : unis-toi à ta belle-sœur pour donner une descendance à ton frère[b].
9 Onân savait que les enfants qui naîtraient ne seraient pas pour lui. Chaque fois qu’il avait des rapports avec sa belle-sœur, il laissait tomber sa semence à terre pour éviter de donner une descendance à son frère. 10 Son comportement déplut à l’Eternel qui le fit aussi mourir. 11 Alors Juda dit à Tamar, sa belle-fille : Reste veuve dans la maison de ton père jusqu’à ce que mon fils Shéla soit devenu adulte.
Car il se disait : Il ne faut pas que celui-ci aussi meure comme ses frères.
Tamar retourna donc dans la maison de son père et y resta.
12 Bien longtemps après cela, la fille de Shoua, femme de Juda, mourut. Quand il fut consolé, Juda monta avec son ami Hira l’Adoullamite à Timna, pour la tonte de ses moutons. 13 Quelqu’un en informa Tamar en lui disant : Voici, ton beau-père monte à Timna pour la tonte de ses moutons.
14 Alors elle ôta ses habits de veuve, se couvrit le visage d’un voile et, ainsi déguisée, s’assit au carrefour d’Enaïm, sur la route de Timna ; car elle voyait bien que Shéla était devenu adulte sans qu’on le lui ait donné pour mari.
15 Juda aperçut cette femme et la prit pour une prostituée, car elle avait le visage voilé. 16 Il s’approcha d’elle au bord du chemin et lui dit : Permets-moi d’aller avec toi !
Car il n’avait pas reconnu sa belle-fille. Elle répondit : Que me donneras-tu pour venir avec moi ?
17 – Je te ferai apporter un chevreau du troupeau, lui dit-il.
– D’accord, répondit-elle, à condition que tu me donnes un gage jusqu’à ce que tu l’envoies.
18 – Quel gage veux-tu que je te donne ?
– Ton cachet, le cordon qui le tient et le bâton que tu as en main.
Il les lui remit et s’unit à elle, et elle devint enceinte. 19 Elle se leva et partit ; elle ôta son voile et remit ses habits de veuve.
20 Juda chargea son ami l’Adoullamite d’apporter le chevreau à cette femme et de retirer les gages qu’il lui avait donnés. Mais celle-ci resta introuvable. 21 Hira interrogea les hommes de l’endroit : Où est cette prostituée sacrée qui se tenait sur le chemin à Enaïm ?
Ils lui répondirent : Il n’y a jamais eu de prostituée sacrée à cet endroit.
22 Il revint dire à Juda : Je ne l’ai pas trouvée, et les gens de là-bas ont même affirmé qu’il n’y a jamais eu de prostituée sacrée à cet endroit.
23 Alors Juda s’écria : Qu’elle garde ce qu’elle a ! Ne nous rendons pas ridicules. Quoi qu’il arrive, moi j’ai envoyé ce chevreau, et toi, tu n’as pas retrouvé cette femme.
24 Environ trois mois après cela, on vint dire à Juda : Tamar, ta belle-fille, s’est prostituée, et même : la voilà enceinte suite à cela.
– Qu’on la fasse sortir, dit-il, et qu’elle soit brûlée vive !
25 Comme on la jetait dehors, elle envoya un message à son beau-père : C’est de l’homme à qui appartiennent ces objets que je suis enceinte. Reconnais, je te prie, à qui sont ce cachet, ces cordons et ce bâton.
26 Juda les reconnut et s’écria : Elle est plus juste que moi ; elle a fait cela parce que je ne l’ai pas donnée pour femme à mon fils Shéla.
Il ne s’unit plus jamais à elle.
27 Quand vint le moment de la naissance, il s’avéra qu’elle portait des jumeaux. 28 Pendant l’accouchement l’un d’eux présenta une main ; la sage-femme la saisit et y noua un fil rouge en disant : C’est celui-ci qui sort le premier.
29 Mais il retira sa main, et c’est son frère qui vint au monde. La sage-femme s’écria : Quelle brèche ne t’es-tu pas ouverte ! Et on le nomma Pérets[c] (Brèche). 30 Ensuite son frère naquit, celui dont la main portait le fil rouge, et il fut appelé Zérah (Lever de soleil).
Footnotes
- 38.1 Ancienne ville cananéenne.
- 38.8 Cette coutume sera incluse dans la Loi (Dt 25.5-10 ; voir Mt 22.23-33).
- 38.29 Ancêtre de David (Rt 4.18-22) et du Christ (Mt 1.3).
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