Exodus 21:1-28:34

New International Version

21 “These are the laws^(A) you are to set before them:

Hebrew Servants^(B)(C)

² “If you buy a Hebrew servant,^(D) he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free,^(E) without paying anything. ³ If he comes alone, he is to go free alone; but if he has a wife when he comes, she is to go with him. ⁴ If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.

⁵ “But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children and do not want to go free,’^{(F) 6} then his master must take him before the judges.^[a](G) He shall take him to the door or the doorpost and pierce^(H) his ear with an awl. Then he will be his servant for life.^(I)

⁷ “If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. ⁸ If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself,^[b] he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, because he has broken faith with her. ⁹ If he selects her for his son, he must grant her the rights of a daughter. ¹⁰ If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights.^{(J) 11} If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.

Personal Injuries

¹² “Anyone who strikes a person with a fatal blow is to be put to death.^{(K) 13} However, if it is not done intentionally, but God lets it happen, they are to flee to a place^(L) I will designate. ¹⁴ But if anyone schemes and kills someone deliberately,^(M) that person is to be taken from my altar and put to death.^(N)

¹⁵ “Anyone who attacks^[c] their father or mother is to be put to death.

¹⁶ “Anyone who kidnaps someone is to be put to death,^(O) whether the victim has been sold^(P) or is still in the kidnapper’s possession.

¹⁷ “Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.^(Q)

¹⁸ “If people quarrel and one person hits another with a stone or with their fist^[d] and the victim does not die but is confined to bed, ¹⁹ the one who struck the blow will not be held liable if the other can get up and walk around outside with a staff; however, the guilty party must pay the injured person for any loss of time and see that the victim is completely healed.

²⁰ “Anyone who beats their male or female slave with a rod must be punished if the slave dies as a direct result, ²¹ but they are not to be punished if the slave recovers after a day or two, since the slave is their property.^(R)

²² “If people are fighting and hit a pregnant woman and she gives birth prematurely^[e] but there is no serious injury, the offender must be fined whatever the woman’s husband demands^(S) and the court allows. ²³ But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life,^{(T) 24} eye for eye, tooth for tooth,^(U) hand for hand, foot for foot, ²⁵ burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise.

²⁶ “An owner who hits a male or female slave in the eye and destroys it must let the slave go free to compensate for the eye. ²⁷ And an owner who knocks out the tooth of a male or female slave must let the slave go free to compensate for the tooth.

²⁸ “If a bull gores a man or woman to death, the bull is to be stoned to death,^(V) and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the bull will not be held responsible. ²⁹ If, however, the bull has had the habit of goring and the owner has been warned but has not kept it penned up^(W) and it kills a man or woman, the bull is to be stoned and its owner also is to be put to death. ³⁰ However, if payment is demanded, the owner may redeem his life by the payment of whatever is demanded.^{(X) 31} This law also applies if the bull gores a son or daughter. ³² If the bull gores a male or female slave, the owner must pay thirty shekels^[f](Y) of silver to the master of the slave, and the bull is to be stoned to death.

³³ “If anyone uncovers a pit^(Z) or digs one and fails to cover it and an ox or a donkey falls into it, ³⁴ the one who opened the pit must pay the owner for the loss and take the dead animal in exchange.

³⁵ “If anyone’s bull injures someone else’s bull and it dies, the two parties are to sell the live one and divide both the money and the dead animal equally. ³⁶ However, if it was known that the bull had the habit of goring, yet the owner did not keep it penned up,^(AA) the owner must pay, animal for animal, and take the dead animal in exchange.

Protection of Property

22 ^[g]“Whoever steals an ox or a sheep and slaughters it or sells it must pay back^(AB) five head of cattle for the ox and four sheep for the sheep.

² “If a thief is caught breaking in^(AC) at night and is struck a fatal blow, the defender is not guilty of bloodshed;^{(AD) 3} but if it happens after sunrise, the defender is guilty of bloodshed.

“Anyone who steals must certainly make restitution,^(AE) but if they have nothing, they must be sold^(AF) to pay for their theft. ⁴ If the stolen animal is found alive in their possession^(AG)—whether ox or donkey or sheep—they must pay back double.^(AH)

⁵ “If anyone grazes their livestock in a field or vineyard and lets them stray and they graze in someone else’s field, the offender must make restitution^(AI) from the best of their own field or vineyard.

⁶ “If a fire breaks out and spreads into thornbushes so that it burns shocks^(AJ) of grain or standing grain or the whole field, the one who started the fire must make restitution.^(AK)

⁷ “If anyone gives a neighbor silver or goods for safekeeping^(AL) and they are stolen from the neighbor’s house, the thief, if caught, must pay back double.^{(AM) 8} But if the thief is not found, the owner of the house must appear before the judges,^(AN) and they must^[h] determine whether the owner of the house has laid hands on the other person’s property. ⁹ In all cases of illegal possession of an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any other lost property about which somebody says, ‘This is mine,’ both parties are to bring their cases before the judges.^[i](AO) The one whom the judges declare^[j] guilty must pay back double to the other.

¹⁰ “If anyone gives a donkey, an ox, a sheep or any other animal to their neighbor for safekeeping^(AP) and it dies or is injured or is taken away while no one is looking, ¹¹ the issue between them will be settled by the taking of an oath^(AQ) before the Lord that the neighbor did not lay hands on the other person’s property. The owner is to accept this, and no restitution is required. ¹² But if the animal was stolen from the neighbor, restitution^(AR) must be made to the owner. ¹³ If it was torn to pieces by a wild animal, the neighbor shall bring in the remains as evidence and shall not be required to pay for the torn animal.^(AS)

¹⁴ “If anyone borrows an animal from their neighbor and it is injured or dies while the owner is not present, they must make restitution.^{(AT) 15} But if the owner is with the animal, the borrower will not have to pay. If the animal was hired, the money paid for the hire covers the loss.^(AU)

Social Responsibility

¹⁶ “If a man seduces a virgin^(AV) who is not pledged to be married and sleeps with her, he must pay the bride-price,^(AW) and she shall be his wife. ¹⁷ If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must still pay the bride-price for virgins.

¹⁸ “Do not allow a sorceress^(AX) to live.

¹⁹ “Anyone who has sexual relations with an animal^(AY) is to be put to death.

²⁰ “Whoever sacrifices to any god^(AZ) other than the Lord must be destroyed.^[k](BA)

²¹ “Do not mistreat or oppress a foreigner,^(BB) for you were foreigners^(BC) in Egypt.

²² “Do not take advantage of the widow or the fatherless.^{(BD) 23} If you do and they cry out^(BE) to me, I will certainly hear their cry.^{(BF) 24} My anger will be aroused, and I will kill you with the sword; your wives will become widows and your children fatherless.^(BG)

²⁵ “If you lend money to one of my people among you who is needy, do not treat it like a business deal; charge no interest.^{(BH) 26} If you take your neighbor’s cloak as a pledge,^(BI) return it by sunset, ²⁷ because that cloak is the only covering your neighbor has. What else can they sleep in?^(BJ) When they cry out to me, I will hear, for I am compassionate.^(BK)

²⁸ “Do not blaspheme God^[l](BL) or curse^(BM) the ruler of your people.^(BN)

²⁹ “Do not hold back offerings^(BO) from your granaries or your vats.^[m]

“You must give me the firstborn of your sons.^{(BP) 30} Do the same with your cattle and your sheep.^(BQ) Let them stay with their mothers for seven days, but give them to me on the eighth day.^(BR)

³¹ “You are to be my holy people.^(BS) So do not eat the meat of an animal torn by wild beasts;^(BT) throw it to the dogs.

Laws of Justice and Mercy

23 “Do not spread false reports.^(BU) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.^(BV)

² “Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice^(BW) by siding with the crowd,^{(BX) 3} and do not show favoritism^(BY) to a poor person in a lawsuit.

⁴ “If you come across your enemy’s^(BZ) ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to return it.^{(CA) 5} If you see the donkey^(CB) of someone who hates you fallen down under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help them with it.

⁶ “Do not deny justice^(CC) to your poor people in their lawsuits. ⁷ Have nothing to do with a false charge^(CD) and do not put an innocent^(CE) or honest person to death,^(CF) for I will not acquit the guilty.^(CG)

⁸ “Do not accept a bribe,^(CH) for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the innocent.

⁹ “Do not oppress a foreigner;^(CI) you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners, because you were foreigners in Egypt.

Sabbath Laws

¹⁰ “For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, ¹¹ but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused.^(CJ) Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.

¹² “Six days do your work,^(CK) but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed.^(CL)

¹³ “Be careful^(CM) to do everything I have said to you. Do not invoke the names of other gods;^(CN) do not let them be heard on your lips.^(CO)

The Three Annual Festivals

¹⁴ “Three times^(CP) a year you are to celebrate a festival to me.

¹⁵ “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread;^(CQ) for seven days eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,^(CR) for in that month you came out of Egypt.

“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.^(CS)

¹⁶ “Celebrate the Festival of Harvest^(CT) with the firstfruits^(CU) of the crops you sow in your field.

“Celebrate the Festival of Ingathering^(CV) at the end of the year, when you gather in your crops from the field.^(CW)

¹⁷ “Three times^(CX) a year all the men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord.

¹⁸ “Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast.^(CY)

“The fat of my festival offerings must not be kept until morning.^(CZ)

¹⁹ “Bring the best of the firstfruits^(DA) of your soil to the house of the Lord your God.

“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.^(DB)

God’s Angel to Prepare the Way

²⁰ “See, I am sending an angel^(DC) ahead of you to guard you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared.^{(DD) 21} Pay attention to him and listen^(DE) to what he says. Do not rebel against him; he will not forgive^(DF) your rebellion,^(DG) since my Name^(DH) is in him. ²² If you listen carefully to what he says and do^(DI) all that I say, I will be an enemy^(DJ) to your enemies and will oppose those who oppose you. ²³ My angel will go ahead of you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites and Jebusites,^(DK) and I will wipe them out. ²⁴ Do not bow down before their gods or worship^(DL) them or follow their practices.^(DM) You must demolish^(DN) them and break their sacred stones^(DO) to pieces. ²⁵ Worship the Lord your God,^(DP) and his blessing^(DQ) will be on your food and water. I will take away sickness^(DR) from among you, ²⁶ and none will miscarry or be barren^(DS) in your land. I will give you a full life span.^(DT)

²⁷ “I will send my terror^(DU) ahead of you and throw into confusion^(DV) every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn their backs and run.^{(DW) 28} I will send the hornet^(DX) ahead of you to drive the Hivites, Canaanites and Hittites^(DY) out of your way. ²⁹ But I will not drive them out in a single year, because the land would become desolate and the wild animals^(DZ) too numerous for you. ³⁰ Little by little I will drive them out before you, until you have increased enough to take possession^(EA) of the land.

³¹ “I will establish your borders from the Red Sea^[n] to the Mediterranean Sea,^[o] and from the desert to the Euphrates River.^(EB) I will give into your hands the people who live in the land, and you will drive them out^(EC) before you. ³² Do not make a covenant^(ED) with them or with their gods. ³³ Do not let them live in your land or they will cause you to sin against me, because the worship of their gods will certainly be a snare^(EE) to you.”

The Covenant Confirmed

24 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron,^(EF) Nadab and Abihu,^(EG) and seventy of the elders^(EH) of Israel. You are to worship at a distance, ² but Moses alone is to approach^(EI) the Lord; the others must not come near. And the people may not come up with him.”

³ When Moses went and told the people all the Lord’s words and laws,^(EJ) they responded with one voice, “Everything the Lord has said we will do.”^{(EK) 4} Moses then wrote^(EL) down everything the Lord had said.

He got up early the next morning and built an altar^(EM) at the foot of the mountain and set up twelve stone pillars^(EN) representing the twelve tribes of Israel. ⁵ Then he sent young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings^(EO) and sacrificed young bulls as fellowship offerings^(EP) to the Lord. ⁶ Moses^(EQ) took half of the blood^(ER) and put it in bowls, and the other half he splashed^(ES) against the altar. ⁷ Then he took the Book of the Covenant^(ET) and read it to the people. They responded, “We will do everything the Lord has said; we will obey.”^(EU)

⁸ Moses then took the blood, sprinkled it on the people^(EV) and said, “This is the blood of the covenant^(EW) that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”

⁹ Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and the seventy elders^(EX) of Israel went up ¹⁰ and saw^(EY) the God of Israel. Under his feet was something like a pavement made of lapis lazuli,^(EZ) as bright blue as the sky.^{(FA) 11} But God did not raise his hand against these leaders of the Israelites; they saw^(FB) God, and they ate and drank.^(FC)

¹² The Lord said to Moses, “Come up to me on the mountain and stay here, and I will give you the tablets of stone^(FD) with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”

¹³ Then Moses set out with Joshua^(FE) his aide, and Moses went up on the mountain^(FF) of God. ¹⁴ He said to the elders, “Wait here for us until we come back to you. Aaron and Hur^(FG) are with you, and anyone involved in a dispute^(FH) can go to them.”

¹⁵ When Moses went up on the mountain, the cloud^(FI) covered it, ¹⁶ and the glory^(FJ) of the Lord settled on Mount Sinai.^(FK) For six days the cloud covered the mountain, and on the seventh day the Lord called to Moses from within the cloud.^{(FL) 17} To the Israelites the glory of the Lord looked like a consuming fire^(FM) on top of the mountain. ¹⁸ Then Moses entered the cloud as he went on up the mountain. And he stayed on the mountain forty^(FN) days and forty nights.^(FO)

Offerings for the Tabernacle^(FP)

25 The Lord said to Moses, ² “Tell the Israelites to bring me an offering. You are to receive the offering for me from everyone whose heart prompts^(FQ) them to give. ³ These are the offerings you are to receive from them: gold, silver and bronze; ⁴ blue, purple and scarlet yarn^(FR) and fine linen; goat hair; ⁵ ram skins dyed red and another type of durable leather^[p];^(FS) acacia wood;^{(FT) 6} olive oil^(FU) for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;^{(FV) 7} and onyx stones and other gems to be mounted on the ephod^(FW) and breastpiece.^(FX)

⁸ “Then have them make a sanctuary^(FY) for me, and I will dwell^(FZ) among them. ⁹ Make this tabernacle and all its furnishings exactly like the pattern^(GA) I will show you.

The Ark^(GB)

¹⁰ “Have them make an ark^[q](GC) of acacia wood—two and a half cubits long, a cubit and a half wide, and a cubit and a half high.^{[r] 11} Overlay^(GD) it with pure gold, both inside and out, and make a gold molding around it. ¹² Cast four gold rings for it and fasten them to its four feet, with two rings^(GE) on one side and two rings on the other. ¹³ Then make poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.^{(GF) 14} Insert the poles^(GG) into the rings on the sides of the ark to carry it. ¹⁵ The poles are to remain in the rings of this ark; they are not to be removed.^{(GH) 16} Then put in the ark the tablets of the covenant law,^(GI) which I will give you.

¹⁷ “Make an atonement cover^(GJ) of pure gold—two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide. ¹⁸ And make two cherubim^(GK) out of hammered gold at the ends of the cover. ¹⁹ Make one cherub on one end and the second cherub on the other; make the cherubim of one piece with the cover, at the two ends. ²⁰ The cherubim^(GL) are to have their wings spread upward, overshadowing^(GM) the cover with them. The cherubim are to face each other, looking toward the cover. ²¹ Place the cover on top of the ark^(GN) and put in the ark the tablets of the covenant law^(GO) that I will give you. ²² There, above the cover between the two cherubim^(GP) that are over the ark of the covenant law, I will meet^(GQ) with you and give you all my commands for the Israelites.^(GR)

The Table^(GS)

²³ “Make a table^(GT) of acacia wood—two cubits long, a cubit wide and a cubit and a half high.^{[s] 24} Overlay it with pure gold and make a gold molding around it. ²⁵ Also make around it a rim a handbreadth^[t] wide and put a gold molding on the rim. ²⁶ Make four gold rings for the table and fasten them to the four corners, where the four legs are. ²⁷ The rings are to be close to the rim to hold the poles used in carrying the table. ²⁸ Make the poles of acacia wood, overlay them with gold^(GU) and carry the table with them. ²⁹ And make its plates and dishes of pure gold, as well as its pitchers and bowls for the pouring out of offerings.^{(GV) 30} Put the bread of the Presence^(GW) on this table to be before me at all times.

The Lampstand^(GX)

³¹ “Make a lampstand^(GY) of pure gold. Hammer out its base and shaft, and make its flowerlike cups, buds and blossoms of one piece with them. ³² Six branches are to extend from the sides of the lampstand—three on one side and three on the other. ³³ Three cups shaped like almond flowers with buds and blossoms are to be on one branch, three on the next branch, and the same for all six branches extending from the lampstand. ³⁴ And on the lampstand there are to be four cups shaped like almond flowers with buds and blossoms. ³⁵ One bud shall be under the first pair of branches extending from the lampstand, a second bud under the second pair, and a third bud under the third pair—six branches in all. ³⁶ The buds and branches shall all be of one piece with the lampstand, hammered out of pure gold.^(GZ)

³⁷ “Then make its seven lamps^(HA) and set them up on it so that they light the space in front of it. ³⁸ Its wick trimmers and trays^(HB) are to be of pure gold. ³⁹ A talent^[u] of pure gold is to be used for the lampstand and all these accessories. ⁴⁰ See that you make them according to the pattern^(HC) shown you on the mountain.

The Tabernacle^(HD)

26 “Make the tabernacle^(HE) with ten curtains of finely twisted linen and blue, purple and scarlet yarn, with cherubim^(HF) woven into them by a skilled worker. ² All the curtains are to be the same size^(HG)—twenty-eight cubits long and four cubits wide.^{[v] 3} Join five of the curtains together, and do the same with the other five. ⁴ Make loops of blue material along the edge of the end curtain in one set, and do the same with the end curtain in the other set. ⁵ Make fifty loops on one curtain and fifty loops on the end curtain of the other set, with the loops opposite each other. ⁶ Then make fifty gold clasps and use them to fasten the curtains together so that the tabernacle is a unit.^(HH)

⁷ “Make curtains of goat hair for the tent over the tabernacle—eleven altogether. ⁸ All eleven curtains are to be the same size^(HI)—thirty cubits long and four cubits wide.^{[w] 9} Join five of the curtains together into one set and the other six into another set. Fold the sixth curtain double at the front of the tent. ¹⁰ Make fifty loops along the edge of the end curtain in one set and also along the edge of the end curtain in the other set. ¹¹ Then make fifty bronze clasps and put them in the loops to fasten the tent together as a unit.^{(HJ) 12} As for the additional length of the tent curtains, the half curtain that is left over is to hang down at the rear of the tabernacle. ¹³ The tent curtains will be a cubit^[x] longer on both sides; what is left will hang over the sides of the tabernacle so as to cover it. ¹⁴ Make for the tent a covering^(HK) of ram skins dyed red, and over that a covering of the other durable leather.^[y](HL)

¹⁵ “Make upright frames of acacia wood for the tabernacle. ¹⁶ Each frame is to be ten cubits long and a cubit and a half wide,^{[z] 17} with two projections set parallel to each other. Make all the frames of the tabernacle in this way. ¹⁸ Make twenty frames for the south side of the tabernacle ¹⁹ and make forty silver bases^(HM) to go under them—two bases for each frame, one under each projection. ²⁰ For the other side, the north side of the tabernacle, make twenty frames ²¹ and forty silver bases^(HN)—two under each frame. ²² Make six frames for the far end, that is, the west end of the tabernacle, ²³ and make two frames for the corners at the far end. ²⁴ At these two corners they must be double from the bottom all the way to the top and fitted into a single ring; both shall be like that. ²⁵ So there will be eight frames and sixteen silver bases—two under each frame.

²⁶ “Also make crossbars of acacia wood: five for the frames on one side of the tabernacle, ²⁷ five for those on the other side, and five for the frames on the west, at the far end of the tabernacle. ²⁸ The center crossbar is to extend from end to end at the middle of the frames. ²⁹ Overlay the frames with gold and make gold rings to hold the crossbars. Also overlay the crossbars with gold.

³⁰ “Set up the tabernacle^(HO) according to the plan^(HP) shown you on the mountain.

³¹ “Make a curtain^(HQ) of blue, purple and scarlet yarn and finely twisted linen, with cherubim^(HR) woven into it by a skilled worker. ³² Hang it with gold hooks on four posts of acacia wood overlaid with gold and standing on four silver bases.^{(HS) 33} Hang the curtain from the clasps and place the ark of the covenant law behind the curtain.^(HT) The curtain will separate the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place.^{(HU) 34} Put the atonement cover^(HV) on the ark of the covenant law in the Most Holy Place. ³⁵ Place the table^(HW) outside the curtain on the north side of the tabernacle and put the lampstand^(HX) opposite it on the south side.

³⁶ “For the entrance to the tent make a curtain^(HY) of blue, purple and scarlet yarn and finely twisted linen—the work of an embroiderer.^{(HZ) 37} Make gold hooks for this curtain and five posts of acacia wood overlaid with gold. And cast five bronze bases for them.

The Altar of Burnt Offering^(IA)

27 “Build an altar^(IB) of acacia wood, three cubits^[aa] high; it is to be square, five cubits long and five cubits wide.^{[ab] 2} Make a horn^(IC) at each of the four corners, so that the horns and the altar are of one piece, and overlay the altar with bronze. ³ Make all its utensils of bronze—its pots to remove the ashes, and its shovels, sprinkling bowls,^(ID) meat forks and firepans.^{(IE) 4} Make a grating for it, a bronze network, and make a bronze ring at each of the four corners of the network. ⁵ Put it under the ledge of the altar so that it is halfway up the altar. ⁶ Make poles of acacia wood for the altar and overlay them with bronze.^{(IF) 7} The poles are to be inserted into the rings so they will be on two sides of the altar when it is carried.^{(IG) 8} Make the altar hollow, out of boards. It is to be made just as you were shown^(IH) on the mountain.

The Courtyard^(II)

⁹ “Make a courtyard^(IJ) for the tabernacle. The south side shall be a hundred cubits^[ac] long and is to have curtains of finely twisted linen, ¹⁰ with twenty posts and twenty bronze bases and with silver hooks and bands on the posts. ¹¹ The north side shall also be a hundred cubits long and is to have curtains, with twenty posts and twenty bronze bases and with silver hooks and bands on the posts.

¹² “The west end of the courtyard shall be fifty cubits^[ad] wide and have curtains, with ten posts and ten bases. ¹³ On the east end, toward the sunrise, the courtyard shall also be fifty cubits wide. ¹⁴ Curtains fifteen cubits^[ae] long are to be on one side of the entrance, with three posts and three bases, ¹⁵ and curtains fifteen cubits long are to be on the other side, with three posts and three bases.

¹⁶ “For the entrance to the courtyard, provide a curtain^(IK) twenty cubits^[af] long, of blue, purple and scarlet yarn and finely twisted linen—the work of an embroiderer^(IL)—with four posts and four bases. ¹⁷ All the posts around the courtyard are to have silver bands and hooks, and bronze bases. ¹⁸ The courtyard shall be a hundred cubits long and fifty cubits wide,^[ag] with curtains of finely twisted linen five cubits^[ah] high, and with bronze bases. ¹⁹ All the other articles used in the service of the tabernacle, whatever their function, including all the tent pegs for it and those for the courtyard, are to be of bronze.

Oil for the Lampstand^(IM)

²⁰ “Command the Israelites to bring you clear oil^(IN) of pressed olives for the light so that the lamps may be kept burning. ²¹ In the tent of meeting,^(IO) outside the curtain that shields the ark of the covenant law,^(IP) Aaron and his sons are to keep the lamps^(IQ) burning before the Lord from evening till morning. This is to be a lasting ordinance^(IR) among the Israelites for the generations to come.

The Priestly Garments

28 “Have Aaron^(IS) your brother brought to you from among the Israelites, along with his sons Nadab and Abihu,^(IT) Eleazar and Ithamar,^(IU) so they may serve me as priests.^{(IV) 2} Make sacred garments^(IW) for your brother Aaron to give him dignity and honor.^{(IX) 3} Tell all the skilled workers^(IY) to whom I have given wisdom^(IZ) in such matters that they are to make garments for Aaron, for his consecration, so he may serve me as priest. ⁴ These are the garments they are to make: a breastpiece,^(JA) an ephod,^(JB) a robe,^(JC) a woven tunic,^(JD) a turban^(JE) and a sash. They are to make these sacred garments for your brother Aaron and his sons, so they may serve me as priests. ⁵ Have them use gold, and blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.^(JF)

The Ephod^(JG)

⁶ “Make the ephod^(JH) of gold, and of blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and of finely twisted linen—the work of skilled hands. ⁷ It is to have two shoulder pieces attached to two of its corners, so it can be fastened. ⁸ Its skillfully woven waistband^(JI) is to be like it—of one piece with the ephod and made with gold, and with blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and with finely twisted linen.

⁹ “Take two onyx stones and engrave^(JJ) on them the names of the sons of Israel ¹⁰ in the order of their birth—six names on one stone and the remaining six on the other. ¹¹ Engrave the names of the sons of Israel on the two stones the way a gem cutter engraves a seal. Then mount the stones in gold filigree settings ¹² and fasten them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron is to bear the names on his shoulders^(JK) as a memorial^(JL) before the Lord. ¹³ Make gold filigree settings ¹⁴ and two braided chains of pure gold, like a rope, and attach the chains to the settings.

The Breastpiece^(JM)

¹⁵ “Fashion a breastpiece^(JN) for making decisions—the work of skilled hands. Make it like the ephod: of gold, and of blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and of finely twisted linen. ¹⁶ It is to be square—a span^[ai] long and a span wide—and folded double. ¹⁷ Then mount four rows of precious stones^(JO) on it. The first row shall be carnelian, chrysolite^(JP) and beryl; ¹⁸ the second row shall be turquoise, lapis lazuli and emerald; ¹⁹ the third row shall be jacinth, agate and amethyst; ²⁰ the fourth row shall be topaz, onyx and jasper.^[aj] Mount them in gold filigree settings. ²¹ There are to be twelve stones, one for each of the names of the sons of Israel,^(JQ) each engraved like a seal with the name of one of the twelve tribes.^(JR)

²² “For the breastpiece make braided chains of pure gold, like a rope. ²³ Make two gold rings for it and fasten them to two corners of the breastpiece. ²⁴ Fasten the two gold chains to the rings at the corners of the breastpiece, ²⁵ and the other ends of the chains to the two settings, attaching them to the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front. ²⁶ Make two gold rings and attach them to the other two corners of the breastpiece on the inside edge next to the ephod. ²⁷ Make two more gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the shoulder pieces on the front of the ephod, close to the seam just above the waistband of the ephod. ²⁸ The rings of the breastpiece are to be tied to the rings of the ephod with blue cord, connecting it to the waistband, so that the breastpiece will not swing out from the ephod.

²⁹ “Whenever Aaron enters the Holy Place,^(JS) he will bear the names of the sons of Israel over his heart on the breastpiece of decision as a continuing memorial before the Lord. ³⁰ Also put the Urim and the Thummim^(JT) in the breastpiece, so they may be over Aaron’s heart whenever he enters the presence of the Lord. Thus Aaron will always bear the means of making decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the Lord.

Other Priestly Garments^(JU)

³¹ “Make the robe of the ephod entirely of blue cloth, ³² with an opening for the head in its center. There shall be a woven edge like a collar^[ak] around this opening, so that it will not tear. ³³ Make pomegranates^(JV) of blue, purple and scarlet yarn around the hem of the robe, with gold bells between them. ³⁴ The gold bells and the pomegranates are to alternate around the hem of the robe.