The Passover Lamb

12 Now the Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of ^[a]Egypt, ² “^(A)This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year for you. ³ Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month they are, each one, to take a ^[b]lamb for themselves, according to the fathers’ households, a ^[c]lamb for ^[d]each household. ⁴ Now if the household is too small for a ^[e]lamb, then he and his neighbor nearest to his house are to take one according to the ^[f]number of persons in them; in proportion to ^[g]what each one should eat, you are to ^[h]divide the lamb. ⁵ Your ^[i]lamb shall be ^(B)an unblemished male a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats. ^6 [j]You shall keep it until the ^(C)fourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to slaughter it ^[k](D)at twilight. ^7 (E)Moreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel ^[l]of the houses in which they eat it. ⁸ They shall eat the flesh ^(F)that same night, ^(G)roasted with fire, and they shall eat it with ^(H)unleavened bread ^[m](I)and bitter herbs. ⁹ Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather ^(J)roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with ^(K)its entrails. ^10 (L)And you shall not leave any of it over until morning, but whatever is left of it until morning, you shall completely burn with fire. ¹¹ Now you shall eat it in this way: with your garment ^[n]belted around your waist, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in a hurry—it is ^(M)the Lord’s Passover. ¹² For ^(N)I will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and fatally strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the human firstborn to animals; and ^(O)against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—^(P)I am the Lord. ^13 (Q)The blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you ^[o]live; and when I see the blood I will pass over you, and no plague will come upon you ^[p]to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.

Feast of Unleavened Bread

¹⁴ ‘Now ^(R)this day shall be ^(S)a memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as ^[q](T)a permanent ordinance. ¹⁵ For ^(U)seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall remove dough with yeast from your houses; for whoever eats anything with yeast from the first day until the seventh day, ^(V)that ^[r]person shall be cut off from Israel. ¹⁶ And ^(W)on the first day you shall have a holy assembly, and another holy assembly on the seventh day; no work at all shall be done on them, except for what must be eaten by every person—that alone may be ^[s]prepared by you. ¹⁷ You shall also keep ^(X)the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this ^(Y)very day I brought your ^[t]multitudes out of the land of Egypt; therefore you shall keep this day throughout your generations as ^(Z)a ^[u]permanent ordinance. ^18 (AA)In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. ¹⁹ For ^(AB)seven days there shall be no dough with yeast found in your houses; for whoever eats anything with yeast, that ^[v](AC)person shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is a stranger or a native of the land. ²⁰ You shall not eat anything with yeast; in all your dwellings you shall eat unleavened bread.’”

²¹ Then ^(AD)Moses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and ^(AE)take for yourselves ^[w]lambs according to your families, and slaughter ^(AF)the Passover lamb. ²² And ^(AG)you shall take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood which is in the basin, and ^[x]apply some of the blood that is in the basin to the lintel and the two doorposts; and none of you shall go outside the door of his house until morning.

A Memorial of Redemption

²³ For ^(AH)the Lord will pass through to strike the Egyptians; but when He sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, the Lord will pass over the door and will ^(AI)not allow the ^(AJ)destroyer to come in to your houses to strike you. ²⁴ And ^(AK)you shall keep this event as an ordinance for you and your children forever. ²⁵ When you enter the land which the Lord will give you, as He has ^[y]promised, you shall keep this ^[z]rite. ^26 (AL)And when your children say to you, ‘^[aa]What does this rite mean to you?’ ²⁷ then you shall say, ‘It is a Passover sacrifice to ^(AM)the Lord because He passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt when He struck the Egyptians, but ^[ab]spared our homes.’” ^(AN)And the people bowed low and worshiped.

²⁸ Then the sons of Israel went and did so; just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

²⁹ Now it came about at ^(AO)midnight that ^(AP)the Lord struck all ^(AQ)the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of ^(AR)cattle. ³⁰ And Pharaoh got up in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians, and there was ^(AS)a great cry in Egypt, for there was no home where there was not someone dead. ³¹ Then ^(AT)he called for Moses and Aaron at night and said, “Rise up, ^(AU)get out from among my people, both you and the sons of Israel; and go, ^[ac]worship the Lord, as you have said. ³² Take ^(AV)both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and go, and bless me also.”

Exodus of Israel

^33 (AW)The Egyptians urged the people, to send them out of the land in a hurry, for they said, “We will all be dead.” ³⁴ So the people took ^(AX)their dough before it was leavened, with their kneading bowls bound up in the clothes on their shoulders.

Guilt Offering

6 ^[a]Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, ² “^(A)When a person sins and acts unfaithfully against the Lord, and disavows the rightful claim of his neighbor regarding a deposit or a security entrusted to him, or regarding robbery, or he has extorted from his neighbor, ³ or ^(B)has found what was lost and lied about it and sworn falsely, so that he sins regarding any of the things that people do; ⁴ then it shall be, when he sins and becomes guilty, that he shall ^(C)restore what he took by robbery or acquired by extortion, or the deposit which was ^[b]entrusted to him, or the lost property which he found, ⁵ or anything about which he swore falsely; ^(D)he shall make restitution for it ^[c]in full and add to it a fifth more. ^(E)He shall give it to the one to whom it belongs on the day he presents his guilt offering. ⁶ Then he shall bring to the priest his guilt offering to the Lord, ^(F)a ram without defect from the flock, according to your assessment, as a guilt offering, ⁷ and ^(G)the priest shall make atonement for him before the Lord, and he will be forgiven for any one of the things which he may have done to incur guilt.”

¹⁵ “Then he shall slaughter the goat of the sin offering, ^(A)which is for the people, and bring its blood inside the veil and do with its blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the atoning cover and in front of the atoning cover. ^16 (B)He shall make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the impurities of the sons of Israel and because of their unlawful acts regarding all their sins; and he shall do so for the tent of meeting which remains with them in the midst of their impurities. ¹⁷ When he goes in to make atonement in the Holy Place, no one shall be in the tent of meeting until he comes out, so that he may make atonement for himself and for his household, and for all the assembly of Israel. ¹⁸ Then he shall go out to the altar that is before the Lord and make atonement for it; he shall take some of the blood from the bull and some of the blood from the goat, and ^(C)put it on the horns of the altar on all sides. ^19 (D)With his finger he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it seven times and cleanse it, and consecrate it from the impurities of the sons of Israel.

²⁰ “When he finishes atoning for the Holy Place and the tent of meeting and the altar, he shall offer the live goat. ²¹ Then Aaron shall lay both of his hands on the head of the live goat, and ^(E)confess over it all the wrongdoings of the sons of Israel and all their unlawful acts regarding all their sins; and he shall place them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who stands ready. ²² Then the goat shall carry on itself all their wrongdoings to an ^[a]isolated territory; he shall release the goat in the wilderness.

²³ “Then Aaron shall come into the tent of meeting and take off ^(F)the linen garments which he put on when he went into the Holy Place, and shall leave them there. ²⁴ And ^(G)he shall bathe his ^[b]body with water in a holy place and put on ^(H)his clothes, and come out and offer his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people, and make atonement for himself and for the people. ²⁵ Then he shall offer up in smoke the fat of the sin offering on the altar. ²⁶ The one who released the goat ^[c]as the ^[d]scapegoat ^(I)shall wash his clothes and bathe his ^[e]body with water; then afterward he shall come into the camp. ²⁷ But the bull of the ^[f]sin offering and the goat of the ^[g]sin offering, ^(J)whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Holy Place, shall be taken outside the camp, and they shall burn their hides, their flesh, and their refuse in the fire. ²⁸ Then the ^(K)one who burns them shall wash his clothes and bathe his body with water; and afterward he shall come into the camp.

An Annual Atonement

²⁹ “This shall be a permanent statute for you: ^(L)in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall humble ^[h]yourselves and not ^(M)do any work, whether the native, or the stranger who resides among you; ³⁰ for it is on this day that ^[i]atonement shall be made for you to ^(N)cleanse you; you will be clean from all your sins before the Lord. ³¹ It is to be a Sabbath of solemn rest for you, so that you may ^(O)humble ^[j]yourselves; it is a permanent statute. ³² So the priest who is anointed and ^[k]ordained to serve as priest in his father’s place shall make atonement: he shall put on ^(P)the linen garments, the holy garments, ³³ and make atonement for the holy sanctuary, and he shall make atonement for the tent of meeting and for the altar. He shall also make atonement for ^(Q)the priests and for all the people of the assembly. ³⁴ Now you shall have this as a ^(R)permanent statute, to ^(S)make atonement for the sons of Israel for all their sins once every year.” And just as the Lord had commanded Moses, so he did.

The Suffering Servant