Ecclésiaste 4
La Bible du Semeur
La vie sociale
Les oppressions
4 J’ai encore considéré toutes les oppressions qui se pratiquent sous le soleil. Les opprimés versent des larmes et il n’y a personne pour les consoler ; la force est du côté de leurs oppresseurs, sans qu’il y ait quelqu’un pour les consoler. 2 Alors j’ai trouvé que les défunts, eux qui sont morts, ont un avantage sur les vivants, sur ceux qui sont encore en vie[a]. 3 Et s’en trouve mieux que les uns et les autres celui qui n’est pas encore venu à l’existence, parce qu’il n’a pas vu tout le mal qui se commet sous le soleil.
Sur le travail
4 J’ai aussi constaté que tout labeur et que toute habileté que les hommes mettent à leurs œuvres sont motivés par la rivalité des uns envers les autres. Cela aussi est dérisoire : autant courir après le vent.
5 Celui qui se croise les bras est un insensé et il se détruit lui-même. 6 Il vaut mieux une main pleine de repos que deux mains pleines de labeur, que de courir ainsi après le vent.
7 J’ai encore constaté une autre chose dérisoire sous le soleil. 8 Voilà un homme seul qui n’a personne avec lui : ni fils, ni frère, et pourtant, il travaille dur sans jamais s’arrêter. Jamais ses yeux ne se rassasient de richesses. « Pour qui donc est-ce que je travaille si dur ? Pour qui est-ce que je me prive de bonnes choses ? » se dit-il. Cela aussi est dérisoire ; c’est une bien mauvaise affaire.
9 Mieux vaut être à deux que tout seul. On tire alors un bon profit de son labeur. 10 Et si l’un tombe, l’autre le relève, mais malheur à celui qui est seul et qui vient à tomber sans avoir personne pour l’aider à se relever.
11 De même, si deux personnes dorment ensemble, elles se tiennent chaud, mais comment celui qui est seul se réchauffera-t-il ?
12 Un homme seul est facilement maîtrisé par un adversaire, mais à deux ils pourront tenir tête à celui-ci. Et une corde faite de trois cordelettes tressées n’est pas vite rompue.
La vie politique
13 Mieux vaut un jeune homme pauvre mais sage qu’un roi âgé et insensé qui ne sait plus écouter les conseils. 14 Mais que le jeune successeur soit sorti de prison pour accéder au trône, ou encore qu’il soit né pauvre dans le royaume, 15 j’ai constaté que tous les humains qui vivent sous le soleil se rallient à lui lorsqu’il prend la place du roi. 16 Il n’y a pas de fin au cortège de tout ce peuple, de tous ces gens dont il a pris la tête. Et pourtant, la génération suivante ne se félicitera pas davantage d’avoir un tel roi ! Cela encore est dérisoire : autant courir après le vent.
Sur la piété
17 Veille bien sur tes pas lorsque tu te rends au sanctuaire de Dieu. Il est préférable de s’y rendre pour écouter, plutôt que pour offrir un sacrifice à la manière des insensés qui n’ont même pas conscience de faire le mal.
Footnotes
- 4.2 Pour les v. 2-3, voir 6.3-5 ; Jb 3.11-16 ; 10.18-19.
Ecclesiastes 4
New International Version
Oppression, Toil, Friendlessness
4 Again I looked and saw all the oppression(A) that was taking place under the sun:
I saw the tears of the oppressed—
and they have no comforter;
power was on the side of their oppressors—
and they have no comforter.(B)
2 And I declared that the dead,(C)
who had already died,
are happier than the living,
who are still alive.(D)
3 But better than both
is the one who has never been born,(E)
who has not seen the evil
that is done under the sun.(F)
4 And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.(G)
5 Fools fold their hands(H)
and ruin themselves.
6 Better one handful with tranquillity
than two handfuls with toil(I)
and chasing after the wind.
7 Again I saw something meaningless under the sun:
8 There was a man all alone;
he had neither son nor brother.
There was no end to his toil,
yet his eyes were not content(J) with his wealth.
“For whom am I toiling,” he asked,
“and why am I depriving myself of enjoyment?”
This too is meaningless—
a miserable business!
9 Two are better than one,
because they have a good return for their labor:
10 If either of them falls down,
one can help the other up.
But pity anyone who falls
and has no one to help them up.
11 Also, if two lie down together, they will keep warm.
But how can one keep warm alone?
12 Though one may be overpowered,
two can defend themselves.
A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.
Advancement Is Meaningless
13 Better a poor but wise youth than an old but foolish king who no longer knows how to heed a warning. 14 The youth may have come from prison to the kingship, or he may have been born in poverty within his kingdom. 15 I saw that all who lived and walked under the sun followed the youth, the king’s successor. 16 There was no end to all the people who were before them. But those who came later were not pleased with the successor. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.
Ecclesiastes 4
King James Version
4 So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter.
2 Wherefore I praised the dead which are already dead more than the living which are yet alive.
3 Yea, better is he than both they, which hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.
4 Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit.
5 The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh.
6 Better is an handful with quietness, than both the hands full with travail and vexation of spirit.
7 Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun.
8 There is one alone, and there is not a second; yea, he hath neither child nor brother: yet is there no end of all his labour; neither is his eye satisfied with riches; neither saith he, For whom do I labour, and bereave my soul of good? This is also vanity, yea, it is a sore travail.
9 Two are better than one; because they have a good reward for their labour.
10 For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe to him that is alone when he falleth; for he hath not another to help him up.
11 Again, if two lie together, then they have heat: but how can one be warm alone?
12 And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.
13 Better is a poor and a wise child than an old and foolish king, who will no more be admonished.
14 For out of prison he cometh to reign; whereas also he that is born in his kingdom becometh poor.
15 I considered all the living which walk under the sun, with the second child that shall stand up in his stead.
16 There is no end of all the people, even of all that have been before them: they also that come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and vexation of spirit.
Ecclesiastes 4
English Standard Version
Evil Under the Sun
4 (A)Again I (B)saw all (C)the oppressions that are done under the sun. And behold, the tears of the oppressed, and they had (D)no one to comfort them! On the side of their oppressors there was power, and there was no one to comfort them. 2 And I (E)thought the dead who are already dead more fortunate than the living who are still alive. 3 But (F)better than both is he who has not yet been and has not seen the evil deeds that are done under the sun.
4 Then I saw that all toil and all skill in work come from a man's envy of his neighbor. This also is (G)vanity[a] and a striving after wind.
5 The fool (H)folds his hands and (I)eats his own flesh.
6 (J)Better is a handful of (K)quietness than two hands full of toil and a striving after wind.
7 (L)Again, I saw vanity under the sun: 8 one person who has no other, either son or brother, yet there is no end to all his toil, and his (M)eyes are never satisfied with riches, so that he never asks, (N)“For whom am I toiling and depriving myself of pleasure?” This also is vanity and an unhappy (O)business.
9 Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their toil. 10 For if they fall, one will lift up his fellow. But woe to him who is alone when he falls and has not another to lift him up! 11 Again, if two lie together, they keep warm, (P)but how can one keep warm alone? 12 And though a man might prevail against one who is alone, two will withstand him—a threefold cord is not quickly broken.
13 Better was (Q)a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king who no longer knew how (R)to take advice. 14 For he went (S)from prison to the throne, though in his own kingdom he had been born poor. 15 I saw all the living who move about under the sun, along with that[b] youth who was to stand in the king's[c] place. 16 There was no end of all the people, all of whom he led. Yet those who come later will not rejoice in him. Surely this also is (T)vanity and a striving after wind.
Footnotes
- Ecclesiastes 4:4 The Hebrew term hebel can refer to a “vapor” or “mere breath”; also verses 7, 8, 16 (see note on 1:2)
- Ecclesiastes 4:15 Hebrew the second
- Ecclesiastes 4:15 Hebrew his
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