1 Samuel 31
New Catholic Bible
Chapter 31[a]
The Death of Saul. 1 Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the Israelites fled before the Philistines, and many were killed at Mount Gilboa. 2 The Philistines pressed hard upon Saul and his sons. His sons, Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua were killed by the Philistines.
3 There was fierce fighting around Saul, and when the archers found their mark, they seriously wounded him. 4 Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and thrust it through me, lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through and abuse me.” But the armor-bearer would not do this for he was terrified. Saul, therefore, took his sword and fell upon it. 5 When his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he, too, fell upon his sword and died with him.
6 So Saul and his three sons and his armor-bearer and all of his men died together on the same day. 7 When the Israelites on the other side of the valley and those on the other side of the Jordan saw that the Israelites had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned the cities, and the Philistines came and occupied them.
8 The next day the Philistines came out to strip the dead, and they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa. 9 They cut off his head and stripped off his armor. They sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines to proclaim the news in the temples of their idols and among the people. 10 They put his armor in the temple of Astartes, and they fastened his body to the wall in Beth-shan.
11 Saul Is Buried.[b] When those living in Jabesh-gilead heard what the Philistines had done to Saul, 12 all of their brave men traveled during the night and took down the bodies of Saul and his sons from the wall of Beth-shan. They went to Jabesh where they cremated them. 13 They took their bones and they buried them under a tree in Jabesh, and they fasted for seven days.[c]
Footnotes
- 1 Samuel 31:1 2 Sam 1:5-10 gives a slightly different version.
- 1 Samuel 31:11 Saul had rescued Jabesh (1 Sam 11:1-11). Cremation was forbidden, but is justified here because the decomposition of the corpses was far advanced. This is the only instance of cremation in the Bible.
- 1 Samuel 31:13 The death of Saul exposed a bitter truth to the people, who believed that a king would bring them power and prestige. They now knew that having a bad king was far worse than having no king.
1 Samuel 31
English Standard Version
The Death of Saul
31 (A)Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines and fell slain (B)on Mount Gilboa. 2 And the Philistines overtook Saul and his sons, and the Philistines struck down (C)Jonathan and (D)Abinadab and Malchi-shua, the sons of Saul. 3 (E)The battle pressed hard against Saul, and the archers found him, and he was badly wounded by the archers. 4 (F)Then Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword, and thrust me through with it, lest these (G)uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and mistreat me.” But his armor-bearer would not, (H)for he feared greatly. Therefore Saul took his own sword (I)and fell upon it. 5 And when his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him. 6 Thus Saul died, and his three sons, and his armor-bearer, and all his men, on the same day together. 7 And when the men of Israel who were on the other side of the valley and those beyond the Jordan saw that the men of Israel had fled and that Saul and his sons were dead, they abandoned their cities and fled. And the Philistines came and lived in them.
8 The next day, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa. 9 So they cut off his head and stripped off his armor and sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines, (J)to carry the good news (K)to the house of their idols and to the people. 10 (L)They put his armor in the temple of (M)Ashtaroth, and they fastened his body to the wall of (N)Beth-shan. 11 (O)But when the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead heard what the Philistines had done to Saul, 12 (P)all the valiant men arose and went all night and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth-shan, and they came to Jabesh (Q)and burned them there. 13 And they took their bones (R)and buried them under (S)the tamarisk tree in Jabesh and (T)fasted seven days.
The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. ESV Text Edition: 2025.
