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속죄제를 필요로 하는 경우

“만일 어떤 사람이 법정에 증인으로 소환되었으나 자기가 보거나 들은 것을 말하지 않으면 그는 그 결과에 대한 책임을 져야 한다.

“어떤 사람이 죽은 들짐승이나 가축이나 곤충과 같이 의식상 부정한 것을 만졌을 경우에는 그가 모르고 만졌을지라도 부정하게 되어 과실을 범하는 자가 된다.

“만일 그가 모르고 사람의 부정에 접촉하였다가 그것을 알게 되면 그는 과실을 범한 자가 될 것이다.

“어떤 사람이 선한 일이든 악한 일이든 아무 생각 없이 어떤 일을 하겠다고 맹세하였다가 후에 자기가 한 일을 깨달으면 그는 과실을 범한 자가 된다.

“누구든지 이런 과실을 범한 자는 자기가 과실을 범했다고 고백하고

자기가 범한 그 과실에 대하여 속죄제물로 어린 양의 암컷이나 암염소를 끌고 와서 나 여호와에게 바칠 것이며 제사장은 그 사람의 과실을 위해 속죄해야 한다.

“만일 그가 어린 양이나 염소를 바칠 형편이 못 되면 자기가 범한 과실에 대해서 산비둘기 두 마리나 집비둘기 두 마리를 나 여호와에게 가져와 한 마리는 속죄제물로, 다른 한 마리는 번제물로 바쳐야 한다.

그는 그 제물을 제사장에게 가져갈 것이며 제사장은 속죄제물을 먼저 드리되 그 목을 완전히 끊지 말고 비틀어

피를 단 곁에 뿌리고 그 나머지 피는 제단 밑에 흘려야 한다. 이것은 속죄제이다.

10 그리고 나머지 한 마리는 규정대로 불에 태워 번제로 드려야 한다. 이와 같은 방법으로 제사장이 그 사람의 과실을 위해 속죄하면 그가 용서받게 될 것이다.

11 “만일 그가 산비둘기 두 마리나 집 비둘기 두 마리도 바칠 형편이 못 되면 그는 자기가 범한 과실에 대하여 고운 밀가루 [a]2.2리터를 가지고 와서 속죄제로 드려야 한다. 이것은 속죄제이므로 그 위에 기름을 붓거나 향을 놓아서는 안 된다.

12 그는 그것을 제사장에게 가져갈 것이며 제사장은 전체를 바쳤다는 표로 그 가루 한 움큼을 집어다가 단에서 나 여호와에게 불로 태워 바치는 화제물 위에 얹어 태워야 한다. 이것은 속죄제이다.

13 이와 같은 방법으로 제사장이 과실을 범한 그 사람을 위해 속죄하면 그가 용서받게 될 것이다. 그리고 그 제물의 나머지는 곡식으로 드리는 소제물의 경우와 같이 제사장에게 주어야 한다.”

속건제

14 여호와께서 모세에게 말씀하셨다.

15 “어떤 사람이 무의식 중에 나 여호와에게 드리는 거룩한 예물에 대하여 잘못을 범하면 그는 벌금으로 네가 정한 값에 해당하는 흠 없는 숫양을 나 여호와에게 바쳐야 한다. 이것은 허물을 씻는 속건제이다.

16 그는 거룩한 예물을 드리는 데 있어서 범한 잘못에 대하여 자기가 바치도록 되어 있는 예물의 5분의 을 더 추가하여 제사장에게 가져갈 것이며 제사장은 속건제의 숫양으로 그를 위해 속죄해야 한다. 그러면 그가 용서받게 될 것이다.

17 “어떤 사람이 나 여호와가 금한 명령 중 하나를 모르고 범했을지라도 그것은 죄가 되므로 그는 그 죄에 대한 책임을 져야 한다.

18 그는 모세 네가 정한 값에 해당하는 흠 없는 숫양을 속건제물로 제사장에게 가져갈 것이며 제사장은 그가 모르고 범한 잘못에 대하여 속죄해야 한다. 그러면 그가 용서받게 될 것이다.

19 그가 나 여호와에게 잘못을 범했으니 이 속건제를 반드시 드려야 한다.”

Footnotes

  1. 5:11 히 ‘에바 1/10’

“‘If anyone sins because they do not speak up when they hear a public charge to testify(A) regarding something they have seen or learned about, they will be held responsible.(B)

“‘If anyone becomes aware that they are guilty—if they unwittingly touch anything ceremonially unclean (whether the carcass of an unclean animal, wild or domestic, or of any unclean creature that moves along the ground)(C) and they are unaware that they have become unclean,(D) but then they come to realize their guilt; or if they touch human uncleanness(E) (anything that would make them unclean)(F) even though they are unaware of it, but then they learn of it and realize their guilt; or if anyone thoughtlessly takes an oath(G) to do anything, whether good or evil(H) (in any matter one might carelessly swear about) even though they are unaware of it, but then they learn of it and realize their guilt— when anyone becomes aware that they are guilty in any of these matters, they must confess(I) in what way they have sinned. As a penalty for the sin they have committed, they must bring to the Lord a female lamb or goat(J) from the flock as a sin offering[a];(K) and the priest shall make atonement(L) for them for their sin.

“‘Anyone who cannot afford(M) a lamb(N) is to bring two doves or two young pigeons(O) to the Lord as a penalty for their sin—one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. They are to bring them to the priest, who shall first offer the one for the sin offering. He is to wring its head from its neck,(P) not dividing it completely,(Q) and is to splash(R) some of the blood of the sin offering against the side of the altar;(S) the rest of the blood must be drained out at the base of the altar.(T) It is a sin offering. 10 The priest shall then offer the other as a burnt offering in the prescribed way(U) and make atonement(V) for them for the sin they have committed, and they will be forgiven.(W)

11 “‘If, however, they cannot afford(X) two doves or two young pigeons,(Y) they are to bring as an offering for their sin a tenth of an ephah[b](Z) of the finest flour(AA) for a sin offering. They must not put olive oil or incense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12 They are to bring it to the priest, who shall take a handful of it as a memorial[c] portion(AB) and burn it on the altar(AC) on top of the food offerings presented to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13 In this way the priest will make atonement(AD) for them for any of these sins they have committed, and they will be forgiven. The rest of the offering will belong to the priest,(AE) as in the case of the grain offering.(AF)’”

The Guilt Offering

14 The Lord said to Moses: 15 “When anyone is unfaithful to the Lord by sinning unintentionally(AG) in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things, they are to bring to the Lord as a penalty(AH) a ram(AI) from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value in silver, according to the sanctuary shekel.[d](AJ) It is a guilt offering.(AK) 16 They must make restitution(AL) for what they have failed to do in regard to the holy things, pay an additional penalty of a fifth of its value(AM) and give it all to the priest. The priest will make atonement for them with the ram as a guilt offering, and they will be forgiven.

17 “If anyone sins and does what is forbidden in any of the Lord’s commands, even though they do not know it,(AN) they are guilty and will be held responsible.(AO) 18 They are to bring to the priest as a guilt offering(AP) a ram from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value. In this way the priest will make atonement for them for the wrong they have committed unintentionally, and they will be forgiven.(AQ) 19 It is a guilt offering; they have been guilty of[e] wrongdoing against the Lord.”(AR)

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 5:6 Or purification offering; here and throughout this chapter
  2. Leviticus 5:11 That is, probably about 3 1/2 pounds or about 1.6 kilograms
  3. Leviticus 5:12 Or representative
  4. Leviticus 5:15 That is, about 2/5 ounce or about 12 grams
  5. Leviticus 5:19 Or offering; atonement has been made for their

The Trespass Offering

‘If a person sins in (A)hearing the utterance of an oath, and is a witness, whether he has seen or known of the matter—if he does not tell it, he (B)bears [a]guilt.

‘Or (C)if a person touches any unclean thing, whether it is the carcass of an unclean beast, or the carcass of unclean livestock, or the carcass of unclean creeping things, and he is unaware of it, he also shall be unclean and (D)guilty. Or if he touches (E)human uncleanness—whatever uncleanness with which a man may be defiled, and he is unaware of it—when he realizes it, then he shall be guilty.

‘Or if a person [b]swears, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips (F)to do evil or (G)to do good, whatever it is that a man may pronounce by an oath, and he is unaware of it—when he realizes it, then he shall be guilty in any of these matters.

‘And it shall be, when he is guilty in any of these matters, that he shall (H)confess that he has sinned in that thing; and he shall bring his trespass offering to the Lord for his sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a kid of the goats as a sin offering. So the priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin.

(I)‘If he is not able to bring a lamb, then he shall bring to the Lord, for his trespass which he has committed, two (J)turtledoves or two young pigeons: one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. And he shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer that which is for the sin offering first, and (K)wring off its head from its neck, but shall not divide it [c]completely. Then he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, and the (L)rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar. It is a sin offering. 10 And he shall offer the second as a burnt offering according to the (M)prescribed manner. So (N)the priest shall make atonement on his behalf for his sin which he has committed, and it shall be forgiven him.

11 ‘But if he is (O)not able to bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons, then he who sinned shall bring for his offering one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a sin offering. (P)He shall put no oil on it, nor shall he put frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12 Then he shall bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take his handful of it (Q)as a memorial portion, and burn it on the altar (R)according to the offerings made by fire to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13 (S)The priest shall make atonement for him, [d]for his sin that he has committed in any of these matters; and it shall be forgiven him. (T)The rest shall be the priest’s as a grain offering.’ ”

Offerings with Restitution

14 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: 15 (U)“If a person commits a trespass, and sins unintentionally in regard to the holy things of the Lord, then (V)he shall bring to the Lord as his trespass offering a ram without blemish from the flocks, with your valuation in shekels of silver according to (W)the shekel of the sanctuary, as a trespass offering. 16 And he shall make restitution for the harm that he has done in regard to the holy thing, (X)and shall add one-fifth to it and give it to the priest. (Y)So the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering, and it shall be forgiven him.

17 “If a person sins, and commits any of these things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the Lord, (Z)though he does not know it, yet he is (AA)guilty and shall bear his [e]iniquity. 18 (AB)And he shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish from the flock, with your valuation, as a trespass offering. So the priest shall make atonement for him regarding his ignorance in which he erred and did not know it, and it shall be forgiven him. 19 It is a trespass offering; (AC)he has certainly trespassed against the Lord.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 5:1 his iniquity
  2. Leviticus 5:4 vows
  3. Leviticus 5:8 Lit. apart
  4. Leviticus 5:13 concerning his sin
  5. Leviticus 5:17 punishment