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가난한 사람들을 돕는 느헤미야

얼마 후에 백성들이 자기 아내와 함께 그들의 [a]지도자들에 대하여 불평하기 시작하였다.

어떤 사람들은 “우리에게는 자녀가 많다. 그러므로 먹고 살기 위해서는 곡식을 구해야 한다” 하고

또 어떤 사람들은 “우리는 이 흉년에 밭이나 포도원이나 집이라도 저당잡히고 곡식을 얻어야 할 형편이 되었다” 하였으며

또 다른 사람들은 이렇게 말하였다. “우리는 돈을 빌려 밭과 포도원의 토지세를 황제에게 바쳤다.

그들이나 우리는 다 같은 동족이며 우리 자녀들과 그들의 자녀들도 마찬가지가 아닌가? 그런데도 우리는 우리 자녀들을 종으로 팔아야 할 처지가 되었고 우리 딸 중에 몇은 이미 종으로 팔려갔으나 우리 밭과 포도원이 남의 것이 되었으므로 몸값을 지불하고 데려올 힘이 없다.”

나는 그들이 불평하는 말을 듣고 대단히 화가 났다.

그래서 나는 신중히 생각한 다음 지도자들과 관리들을 꾸짖으며 “당신들은 당신들의 형제들을 착취하고 있소!” 하고 책망하였다. 그러고서 나는 이 문제를 처리하기 위해 큰 집회를 열고

지도자들과 관리들에게 이렇게 말하였다. “우리는 최선을 다해서 이방인들에게 팔린 우리 형제 유다 사람들을 도와 포로 생활에서 돌아오게 했는데 지금 여러분은 여러분의 형제들을 팔려고 합니다. 그것도 여러분의 동족에게 말입니다.” 그러자 그들은 할 말이 없는 듯 침묵을 지켰다.

그때 나는 다시 말을 이었다. “여러분의 소행이 옳지 못합니다. 여러분은 마땅히 하나님을 두려워하고 옳은 일을 해야만 합니다. 그러면 우리 원수인 이방 사람들에게 우리를 비웃을 구실을 주지 않을 것입니다.

10 나와 내 형제들과 그리고 나와 함께 있는 사람들도 백성들에게 돈과 곡식을 빌려 주고 있습니다만 이제 그 이자를 받지 않도록 합시다!

11 여러분은 오늘이라도 그들의 밭과 포도원과 감람원과 집을 되돌려 주고 또 여러분이 착취한 돈과 곡식과 새 포도주와 감람기름의 100분의 을 돌려 주십시오.”

12 그러자 그들은 “우리가 당신의 말씀대로 모든 것을 되돌려 주고 아무것도 요구하지 않겠습니다” 하고 대답하였다. 그래서 나는 제사장들을 불러 지도자들에게 자기들이 약속한 것을 지키겠다는 맹세를 시키도록 하였다.

13 그런 다음에 나는 내 옷자락을 털며 “이와 같이 하나님이 이 약속을 지키지 않는 사람들의 집과 재산을 털어 빈털터리가 되게 하실 것입니다!” 하였다. 그러자 모든 군중이 “아멘” 하고 여호와를 찬양하였으며 그 지도자들은 자기들의 약속을 지켰다.

청렴한 느헤미야

14 내가 아르타크셀크세스황제 20년부터 32년까지 12년 동안 유다 총독으로 있으면서 나와 내 형제들은 총독에게 당연히 지급되는 양식을 먹지 않았다.

15 그러나 내 이전의 모든 총독들은 백성들에게 많은 부담을 주어 양식과 포도주 외에도 은 [b]456그램을 받았으며 심지어 그들의 종들도 백성들을 괴롭혔다. 하지만 나는 하나님을 두려워하여 그렇게 하지 않고

16 오히려 성을 재건하는 데 온갖 정력을 쏟았으며 한 치의 땅도 사 놓지 않았다. 그리고 나와 함께 있는 모든 사람들도 성을 재건하는 데 힘쓰도록 하였으며

17 또 내 식탁에는 다른 나라에서 온 방문객 외에도 유다 사람 150명의 고정 식사 인원이 있었다.

18 그래서 나는 매일 소 한 마리와 살진 양 여섯 마리와 많은 닭을 준비하고 열흘에 한 번씩 각종 포도주를 제공하였다. 이렇게 하면서도 내가 총독이 당연히 받아야 할 양식을 요구하지 않은 것은 백성들의 부담이 너무 큰 것을 알고 있었기 때문이었다.

19 [c]이때 나는 이렇게 기도하였다. “나의 하나님이시여, 내가 이 백성을 위해서 행한 모든 일을 기억하시고 나에게 은혜를 베푸소서.”

Footnotes

  1. 5:1 원문에는 ‘그 형제 유다 사람’
  2. 5:15 히 ‘40세겔’
  3. 5:19 암시됨.

Nehemiah Helps the Poor

Now the men and their wives raised a great outcry against their fellow Jews. Some were saying, “We and our sons and daughters are numerous; in order for us to eat and stay alive, we must get grain.”

Others were saying, “We are mortgaging our fields,(A) our vineyards and our homes to get grain during the famine.”(B)

Still others were saying, “We have had to borrow money to pay the king’s tax(C) on our fields and vineyards. Although we are of the same flesh and blood(D) as our fellow Jews and though our children are as good as theirs, yet we have to subject our sons and daughters to slavery.(E) Some of our daughters have already been enslaved, but we are powerless, because our fields and our vineyards belong to others.”(F)

When I heard their outcry and these charges, I was very angry. I pondered them in my mind and then accused the nobles and officials. I told them, “You are charging your own people interest!”(G) So I called together a large meeting to deal with them and said: “As far as possible, we have bought(H) back our fellow Jews who were sold to the Gentiles. Now you are selling your own people, only for them to be sold back to us!” They kept quiet, because they could find nothing to say.(I)

So I continued, “What you are doing is not right. Shouldn’t you walk in the fear of our God to avoid the reproach(J) of our Gentile enemies? 10 I and my brothers and my men are also lending the people money and grain. But let us stop charging interest!(K) 11 Give back to them immediately their fields, vineyards, olive groves and houses, and also the interest(L) you are charging them—one percent of the money, grain, new wine and olive oil.”

12 “We will give it back,” they said. “And we will not demand anything more from them. We will do as you say.”

Then I summoned the priests and made the nobles and officials take an oath(M) to do what they had promised. 13 I also shook(N) out the folds of my robe and said, “In this way may God shake out of their house and possessions anyone who does not keep this promise. So may such a person be shaken out and emptied!”

At this the whole assembly said, “Amen,”(O) and praised the Lord. And the people did as they had promised.

14 Moreover, from the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes,(P) when I was appointed to be their governor(Q) in the land of Judah, until his thirty-second year—twelve years—neither I nor my brothers ate the food allotted to the governor. 15 But the earlier governors—those preceding me—placed a heavy burden on the people and took forty shekels[a] of silver from them in addition to food and wine. Their assistants also lorded it over the people. But out of reverence for God(R) I did not act like that. 16 Instead,(S) I devoted myself to the work on this wall. All my men were assembled there for the work; we[b] did not acquire any land.

17 Furthermore, a hundred and fifty Jews and officials ate at my table, as well as those who came to us from the surrounding nations. 18 Each day one ox, six choice sheep and some poultry(T) were prepared for me, and every ten days an abundant supply of wine of all kinds. In spite of all this, I never demanded the food allotted to the governor, because the demands were heavy on these people.

19 Remember(U) me with favor, my God, for all I have done for these people.

Footnotes

  1. Nehemiah 5:15 That is, about 1 pound or about 460 grams
  2. Nehemiah 5:16 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac I

Nehemiah Deals with Oppression

And there was a great (A)outcry of the people and their wives against their (B)Jewish brethren. For there were those who said, “We, our sons, and our daughters are many; therefore let us get grain, that we may eat and live.”

There were also some who said, “We have mortgaged our lands and vineyards and houses, that we might buy grain because of the famine.”

There were also those who said, “We have borrowed money for the king’s tax on our lands and vineyards. Yet now (C)our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and indeed we (D)are forcing our sons and our daughters to be slaves, and some of our daughters have been brought into slavery. It is not in our power to redeem them, for other men have our lands and vineyards.”

And I became very angry when I heard their outcry and these words. After serious thought, I rebuked the nobles and rulers, and said to them, (E)“Each of you is [a]exacting usury from his brother.” So I [b]called a great assembly against them. And I said to them, “According to our ability we have (F)redeemed our Jewish brethren who were sold to the nations. Now indeed, will you even sell your brethren? Or should they be sold to us?”

Then they were silenced and found nothing to say. Then I said, “What you are doing is not good. Should you not walk (G)in the fear of our God (H)because of the reproach of the nations, our enemies? 10 I also, with my brethren and my servants, am lending them money and grain. Please, let us stop this [c]usury! 11 Restore now to them, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also a hundredth of the money and the grain, the new wine and the oil, that you have charged them.”

12 So they said, “We will restore it, and will require nothing from them; we will do as you say.”

Then I called the priests, (I)and required an oath from them that they would do according to this promise. 13 Then (J)I shook out [d]the fold of my garment and said, “So may God shake out each man from his house, and from his property, who does not perform this promise. Even thus may he be shaken out and emptied.”

And all the assembly said, “Amen!” and praised the Lord. (K)Then the people did according to this promise.

The Generosity of Nehemiah

14 Moreover, from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from the twentieth year (L)until the thirty-second year of King Artaxerxes, twelve years, neither I nor my brothers (M)ate the governor’s provisions. 15 But the former governors who were before me laid burdens on the people, and took from them bread and wine, besides forty shekels of silver. Yes, even their servants bore rule over the people, but (N)I did not do so, because of the (O)fear of God. 16 Indeed, I also continued the (P)work on this wall, and [e]we did not buy any land. All my servants were gathered there for the work.

17 And (Q)at my table were one hundred and fifty Jews and rulers, besides those who came to us from the nations around us. 18 Now that (R)which was prepared daily was one ox and six choice sheep. Also fowl were prepared for me, and once every ten days an abundance of all kinds of wine. Yet in spite of this (S)I did not demand the governor’s provisions, because the bondage was heavy on this people.

19 (T)Remember me, my God, for good, according to all that I have done for this people.

Footnotes

  1. Nehemiah 5:7 charging interest
  2. Nehemiah 5:7 Lit. held
  3. Nehemiah 5:10 interest
  4. Nehemiah 5:13 Lit. my lap
  5. Nehemiah 5:16 So with MT; LXX, Syr., Vg. I

Nehemiah Stops Oppression of the Poor

Now there arose (A)a great outcry of the people and of their wives (B)against their Jewish brothers. For there were those who said, “With our sons and our daughters, we are many. So let us get grain, that we may eat and keep alive.” There were also those who said, “We are mortgaging our fields, our vineyards, and our houses to get grain because of the famine.” And there were those who said, “We have borrowed money for (C)the king's tax on our fields and our vineyards. Now (D)our flesh is as the flesh of our brothers, our children are as their children. Yet (E)we are forcing our sons and our daughters to be slaves, and some of our daughters have already been enslaved, but it is not in our power to help it, for other men have our fields and our vineyards.”

I was very angry when I heard (F)their outcry and these words. I took counsel with myself, and I brought charges against the nobles and the officials. I said to them, (G)“You are exacting interest, each from his brother.” And I held a great assembly against them and said to them, “We, as far as we are able, (H)have bought back our Jewish brothers who have been sold to the nations, but you even sell your brothers that they may be sold to us!” They were silent and could not find a word to say. So I said, “The thing that you are doing is not good. Ought you not to walk (I)in the fear of our God (J)to prevent the taunts of the nations our enemies? 10 Moreover, I and my brothers and my servants are lending them money and grain. Let us abandon this exacting of interest. 11 Return to them this very day their fields, their vineyards, their olive orchards, and their houses, and the percentage of money, grain, wine, and oil that you have been exacting from them.” 12 Then they said, “We will restore these and (K)require nothing from them. We will do as you say.” And I called the priests and (L)made them swear (M)to do as they had promised. 13 (N)I also shook out the fold[a] of my garment and said, “So may God shake out every man from his house and from his labor who does not keep this promise. So may he be shaken out and emptied.” (O)And all the assembly said “Amen” and praised the Lord. And the people did as they had promised.

Nehemiah's Generosity

14 Moreover, from the time that I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, from (P)the twentieth year to (Q)the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes the king, twelve years, (R)neither I nor my brothers ate the food allowance of the governor. 15 The former governors who were before me laid heavy burdens on the people and took from them for their daily ration[b] forty shekels[c] of silver. Even their servants lorded it over the people. But I did not do so, (S)because of the fear of God. 16 I also persevered in the work on this wall, and we acquired no land, and all my servants were gathered there for the work. 17 Moreover, there were (T)at my table 150 men, Jews and officials, besides those who came to us from the nations that were around us. 18 (U)Now what was prepared at my expense[d] for each day was one ox and six choice sheep and birds, and every ten days all kinds of wine in abundance. Yet for all this (V)I did not demand the food allowance of the governor, because the service was too heavy on this people. 19 (W)Remember for my good, O my God, all that I have done for this people.

Footnotes

  1. Nehemiah 5:13 Hebrew bosom
  2. Nehemiah 5:15 Compare Vulgate; Hebrew took from them for food and wine after
  3. Nehemiah 5:15 A shekel was about 2/5 ounce or 11 grams
  4. Nehemiah 5:18 Or prepared for me