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여러분에게 말하려고 하는 것은 이것입니다. 상속자는 모든 재산의 주인이지만, 아직 어린아이일 때에는 종과 다를 것이 없습니다. 그는 아버지가 정한 나이가 되기까지 후견인[a]들이나 재산 관리인들 아래 있습니다. 그리스도께서 오시기 전에는 우리들도 마찬가지였습니다. 우리는 어린아이와 같아서, 세상을 다스리는 영들의 종으로 매여 있었습니다. 그러나 때가 무르익자 하나님께서 당신의 아드님을 보내 주셨습니다. 그 아드님은 여자에게서 나시고, 율법아래 계셨습니다. 그것은, 아드님으로 하여금 율법의 종으로 사는 사람들을 구하게 하시고, 우리로 하여금 하나님의 자녀가 되고 또 거기에 따르는 모든 권리를 얻게 하시려는 것이었습니다.

이제 이방인 여러분도 모두 하나님의 자녀이므로, 하나님께서 당신의 아들의 영을 여러분의 마음에 보내 주셨습니다. 그래서 여러분은 하나님을 ‘아바,[b] 아버지’ 라고 부를 수 있게 되었습니다. 그러니 여러분은 더는 종이 아니라 하나님의 자녀입니다. 그리고 자녀이면 하나님의 상속자입니다.

갈라디아 교우들에 대한 바울의 사랑

전에 여러분이 하나님을 알지 못하였을 때에, 여러분은 진짜 신이 아닌 것들의 종노릇을 하였습니다. 그러나 이제는 여러분이 참 하나님을 알게 되었고, 나아가 하나님께서 여러분을 알게 되셨습니다. 그런데 어찌하여 여러분이 전에 따르던 아무 힘도 없고 보잘것없는 초보적인 세력들에게 돌아가려 합니까? 다시 그런 것들의 종이 되고 싶습니까? 10 여러분은 아직도 어떤 날이나 달이나 계절이나 해를 특별하게 지키고 있습니다. 11 여러분을 위해 내가 애써 해 온 일들이 다 헛것이 되지 않았는지 걱정이 됩니다.

12 형제자매 여러분에게 간청합니다. 이방 사람인 여러분이 율법에 매이지 않았던 것처럼 나도 매이지 않게 되었습니다. 그러니 이제는 여러분이 나처럼 이런 것들에 매이지 마십시오.[c]

내가 여러분에게 처음 말씀을 전했을 때에 여러분은 나를 푸대접하지 않았습니다. 13 여러분도 알다시피, 내가 맨 처음 여러분에게 기쁜 소식을 전하게 된 것은, 내 몸의 병 때문이었습니다. 14 내 병이 여러분에게 큰 시험이 되었지만, 여러분은 조금도 나를 업신여기거나 거부하지 않았습니다. 오히려 내가 하나님의 천사인 양, 아니 내가 마치 예수 그리스도이기라도 한 것처럼 나를 따뜻하게 맞아 주었습니다. 15 그때 여러분은 기쁨에 넘쳤습니다. 그런데 지금 그 기쁨이 어디로 가고 없습니까? 나를 돕기 위해서라면 여러분은 무슨 일이라도 하고 싶어하던 일이 기억납니다. 아마 할 수만 있었다면 여러분의 눈이라도 빼어 내게 주었을 것입니다. 16 그런데 이제 내가 진리를 말한다고 하여 여러분의 원수가 되었습니까?

17 그 사람들[d]이 여러분에게 깊은 관심을 보이고 있으나, 그것은 좋은 뜻에서 나온 것이 아닙니다. 그들은 여러분을 내게서 갈라놓아서 여러분이 자기들에게 관심을 갖게 하려고 그러는 것입니다. 18 다른 사람들이 여러분에게 관심을 보이는 것은 좋은 일입니다. 그러나 그들의 목적이 선할 때에만 그렇습니다. 그것은, 내가 여러분과 함께 있을 때에나 여러분과 떨어져 있을 때에나 마찬가지입니다. 19 나의 자녀 여러분, 나는 여러분이 그리스도와 꼭 같아지기까지, 아기를 낳는 어머니의 고통과 같은 고통을 다시 겪고 있습니다. 20 내가 지금 여러분과 함께 있을 수 있다면 얼마나 좋겠습니까! 그러면 내가 좀 더 부드럽게 여러분에게 이야기할 수 있을 터이니 말입니다. 그러나 이렇게 멀리 떨어져 있으니 여러분에게 어떻게 해야 할지 모르겠습니다.

하갈과 사라의 예

21 율법 아래 있기를 바라는 여러분, 율법이 무어라고 말하는지 알지 못합니까? 22 아브라함에게 두 아들이 있었는데, 하나는 여종에게서 태어난 아들이고, 다른 하나는 자유인인 여자에게서 태어난 아들이었다고 성경에 쓰여 있습니다. 23 여종에게서 난 아들은 여느 사람들처럼 자연스럽게 태어났습니다. 그러나 자유인인 여자의 아들은 하나님의 약속으로 얻은 아들이었습니다.

24 이 이야기에는 숨겨진 뜻이 있습니다. 두 여자는 두 가지 계약을 가리킵니다. 한 계약은 시내 산에서 나와서 종이 될 자녀들을 낳습니다. 이것이 하갈입니다. 25 하갈은 아라비아에 있는 시내 산을 가리키며, 지금의 예루살렘과 같은 범주에 듭니다. 지금의 예루살렘은, 그 성 안에 사는 사람들과 더불어 율법의 종이 되어 있기 때문입니다. 26 그러나 하늘의 예루살렘은 자유로우며 우리의 어머니입니다. 27 성경에 이렇게 쓰여 있습니다.

“아이를 낳은 적이 없는 여자여
기뻐하여라.
아이 낳는 고통을 모르는 여자여
소리 높이 외쳐라.
홀로 사는 여자의 자녀가
남편 있는 여자의 자녀보다 더 많을 것이기 때문이다.”(A)

28 형제자매 여러분, 여러분은 이삭과 같이 약속에 따라 태어난 자녀들입니다. 29 그러나 그때도 정상적인 방법으로 태어난 아들이, 성령의 능력으로 태어난 아들을 박해한 것처럼 지금도 그러합니다. 30 그러나 성경에 무엇이라고 하였습니까? “여종과 여종의 아들을 내쫓아라. 여종의 아들은 자유인인 여자의 아들과 더불어 상속자가 될 수 없다.”(B)라고 하였습니다. 31 그러므로 형제자매 여러분, 우리는 여종의 자녀가 아니고 자유인인 여자의 자녀입니다.

Footnotes

  1. 4:2 후견인 친권자가 없는 미성년자나 금치산자를 보호하며 그의 법률 행위를 대신하는 사람
  2. 4:6 아바 ‘아빠’ 라는 뜻의 아람 말로, 아버지를 부르는 정다운 말
  3. 4:12 이방 사람인 여러분이…매이지 마십시오 글자 그대로는 ‘내가 여러분과 같이 되었으니, 여러분도 나와 같이 되십시오.’
  4. 4:17 그 사람들 갈라디아 지방의 믿는 이들에게 율법을 지키라고 강요하는 거짓 선생들. 1:7을 볼 것.

What I am saying is that as long as an heir is underage, he is no different from a slave, although he owns the whole estate. The heir is subject to guardians and trustees until the time set by his father. So also, when we were underage, we were in slavery(A) under the elemental spiritual forces[a] of the world.(B) But when the set time had fully come,(C) God sent his Son,(D) born of a woman,(E) born under the law,(F) to redeem(G) those under the law, that we might receive adoption(H) to sonship.[b](I) Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son(J) into our hearts,(K) the Spirit who calls out, “Abba,[c] Father.”(L) So you are no longer a slave, but God’s child; and since you are his child, God has made you also an heir.(M)

Paul’s Concern for the Galatians

Formerly, when you did not know God,(N) you were slaves(O) to those who by nature are not gods.(P) But now that you know God—or rather are known by God(Q)—how is it that you are turning back to those weak and miserable forces[d]? Do you wish to be enslaved(R) by them all over again?(S) 10 You are observing special days and months and seasons and years!(T) 11 I fear for you, that somehow I have wasted my efforts on you.(U)

12 I plead with you, brothers and sisters,(V) become like me, for I became like you. You did me no wrong. 13 As you know, it was because of an illness(W) that I first preached the gospel to you, 14 and even though my illness was a trial to you, you did not treat me with contempt or scorn. Instead, you welcomed me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were Christ Jesus himself.(X) 15 Where, then, is your blessing of me now? I can testify that, if you could have done so, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?(Y)

17 Those people are zealous to win you over, but for no good. What they want is to alienate you from us, so that you may have zeal for them.(Z) 18 It is fine to be zealous, provided the purpose is good, and to be so always, not just when I am with you.(AA) 19 My dear children,(AB) for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,(AC) 20 how I wish I could be with you now and change my tone, because I am perplexed about you!

Hagar and Sarah

21 Tell me, you who want to be under the law,(AD) are you not aware of what the law says? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman(AE) and the other by the free woman.(AF) 23 His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh,(AG) but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a divine promise.(AH)

24 These things are being taken figuratively: The women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar. 25 Now Hagar stands for Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present city of Jerusalem, because she is in slavery with her children. 26 But the Jerusalem that is above(AI) is free, and she is our mother. 27 For it is written:

“Be glad, barren woman,
    you who never bore a child;
shout for joy and cry aloud,
    you who were never in labor;
because more are the children of the desolate woman
    than of her who has a husband.”[e](AJ)

28 Now you, brothers and sisters, like Isaac, are children of promise.(AK) 29 At that time the son born according to the flesh(AL) persecuted the son born by the power of the Spirit.(AM) It is the same now. 30 But what does Scripture say? “Get rid of the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with the free woman’s son.”[f](AN) 31 Therefore, brothers and sisters, we are not children of the slave woman,(AO) but of the free woman.(AP)

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:3 Or under the basic principles
  2. Galatians 4:5 The Greek word for adoption to sonship is a legal term referring to the full legal standing of an adopted male heir in Roman culture.
  3. Galatians 4:6 Aramaic for Father
  4. Galatians 4:9 Or principles
  5. Galatians 4:27 Isaiah 54:1
  6. Galatians 4:30 Gen. 21:10

Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;

But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father.

Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,

To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.

But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?

10 Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years.

11 I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.

12 Brethren, I beseech you, be as I am; for I am as ye are: ye have not injured me at all.

13 Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first.

14 And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

15 Where is then the blessedness ye spake of? for I bear you record, that, if it had been possible, ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me.

16 Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

17 They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them.

18 But it is good to be zealously affected always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.

19 My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,

20 I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.

21 Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?

22 For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.

23 But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise.

24 Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar.

25 For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.

26 But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all.

27 For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.

28 Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.

29 But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.

30 Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.

31 So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.

Sons and Heirs Through Christ

Now I say that the heir, as long as he is a child, does not differ at all from a slave, though he is master of all, but is under guardians and stewards until the time appointed by the father. Even so we, when we were children, (A)were in bondage under the elements of the world. But (B)when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, (C)born[a] (D)of a woman, (E)born under the law, (F)to redeem those who were under the law, (G)that we might receive the adoption as sons.

And because you are sons, God has sent forth (H)the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, [b]“Abba, Father!” Therefore you are no longer a slave but a son, (I)and if a son, then an heir [c]of God [d]through Christ.

Fears for the Church

But then, indeed, (J)when you did not know God, (K)you served those which by nature are not gods. But now (L)after you have known God, or rather are known by God, (M)how is it that you turn again to (N)the weak and beggarly elements, to which you desire again to be in bondage? 10 (O)You observe days and months and seasons and years. 11 I am afraid for you, (P)lest I have labored for you in vain.

12 Brethren, I urge you to become like me, for I became like you. (Q)You have not injured me at all. 13 You know that (R)because of physical infirmity I preached the gospel to you at the first. 14 And my trial which was in my flesh you did not despise or reject, but you received me (S)as an [e]angel of God, (T)even as Christ Jesus. 15 [f]What then was the blessing you enjoyed? For I bear you witness that, if possible, you would have plucked out your own eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I therefore become your enemy because I tell you the truth?

17 They (U)zealously court you, but for no good; yes, they want to exclude you, that you may be zealous for them. 18 But it is good to be zealous in a good thing always, and not only when I am present with you. 19 (V)My little children, for whom I labor in birth again until Christ is formed in you, 20 I would like to be present with you now and to change my tone; for I have doubts about you.

Two Covenants(W)

21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons: (X)the one by a bondwoman, (Y)the other by a freewoman. 23 But he who was of the bondwoman (Z)was born according to the flesh, (AA)and he of the freewoman through promise, 24 which things are symbolic. For these are [g]the two covenants: the one from Mount (AB)Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar— 25 for this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia, and corresponds to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children— 26 but the (AC)Jerusalem above is free, which is the mother of us all. 27 For it is written:

(AD)“Rejoice, O barren,
You who do not bear!
Break forth and shout,
You who are not in labor!
For the desolate has many more children
Than she who has a husband.”

28 Now (AE)we, brethren, as Isaac was, are (AF)children of promise. 29 But, as (AG)he who was born according to the flesh then persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, (AH)even so it is now. 30 Nevertheless what does (AI)the Scripture say? (AJ)“Cast out the bondwoman and her son, for (AK)the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.” 31 So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman but of the free.

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:4 Or made
  2. Galatians 4:6 Lit., in Aram., Father
  3. Galatians 4:7 NU through God
  4. Galatians 4:7 NU omits through Christ
  5. Galatians 4:14 Or messenger
  6. Galatians 4:15 NU Where
  7. Galatians 4:24 NU, M omit the

Sons and Heirs

I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave,[a] though he is the owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by his father. In the same way we also, when we were children, (A)were enslaved to the elementary principles[b] of the world. But (B)when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, (C)born (D)of woman, born (E)under the law, (F)to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive (G)adoption as sons. And because you are sons, God has sent (H)the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” So you are no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then (I)an heir through God.

Paul's Concern for the Galatians

Formerly, when you (J)did not know God, you (K)were enslaved to those that by nature (L)are not gods. But now that you have come to know God, or rather (M)to be known by God, (N)how can you turn back again to (O)the weak and worthless elementary principles of the world, whose slaves you want to be once more? 10 (P)You observe days and months and seasons and years! 11 I am afraid (Q)I may have labored over you in vain.

12 Brothers,[c] (R)I entreat you, become as I am, for I also have become as you are. (S)You did me no wrong. 13 You know it was (T)because of a bodily ailment that I preached the gospel to you (U)at first, 14 and though my condition was a trial to you, you did not scorn or despise me, but received me (V)as an angel of God, (W)as Christ Jesus. 15 What then has become of your blessedness? For I testify to you that, if possible, you would have gouged out your eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I then become your enemy by (X)telling you the truth?[d] 17 They make much of you, but for no good purpose. They want to shut you out, that you may make much of them. 18 It is always good to be made much of for a good purpose, and (Y)not only when I am present with you, 19 (Z)my little children, (AA)for whom I am again in the anguish of childbirth until Christ (AB)is formed in you! 20 I wish I could be present with you now and change my tone, for I am perplexed about you.

Example of Hagar and Sarah

21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not listen to the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, (AC)one by a slave woman and (AD)one by a free woman. 23 But (AE)the son of the slave was born according to the flesh, while (AF)the son of the free woman was born through promise. 24 Now this may be interpreted allegorically: these women are two (AG)covenants. (AH)One is from Mount Sinai, bearing children for slavery; she is Hagar. 25 Now Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia;[e] she corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children. 26 But (AI)the Jerusalem above is free, and she is our mother. 27 For it is written,

(AJ)“Rejoice, O barren one who does not bear;
    break forth and cry aloud, you who are not in labor!
For the children of the desolate one will be more
    than those of the one who has a husband.”

28 Now you,[f] brothers, (AK)like Isaac, (AL)are children of promise. 29 But just as at that time he who was born according to the flesh (AM)persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, (AN)so also it is now. 30 But what does the Scripture say? (AO)“Cast out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with the son of the free woman.” 31 So, brothers, we are not children of the slave but (AP)of the free woman.

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:1 For the contextual rendering of the Greek word doulos, see Preface; also verse 7
  2. Galatians 4:3 Or elemental spirits; also verse 9
  3. Galatians 4:12 Or Brothers and sisters; also verses 28, 31
  4. Galatians 4:16 Or by dealing truthfully with you
  5. Galatians 4:25 Some manuscripts For Sinai is a mountain in Arabia
  6. Galatians 4:28 Some manuscripts we