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Exodus 1:11-14
New American Bible (Revised Edition)

11 Accordingly, they set supervisors over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor.(A) Thus they had to build for Pharaoh[a] the garrison cities of Pithom and Raamses. 12 Yet the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and spread, so that the Egyptians began to loathe the Israelites. 13 So the Egyptians reduced the Israelites to cruel slavery, 14 making life bitter for them with hard labor, at mortar[b] and brick and all kinds of field work—cruelly oppressed in all their labor.

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Footnotes

  1. 1:11 Pharaoh: not a personal name, but a title common to all the kings of Egypt.
  2. 1:14 Mortar: either the wet clay with which the bricks were made, as in Na 3:14, or the cement used between the bricks in building, as in Gn 11:3.
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Exodus 2
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New American Bible (Revised Edition) (NABRE)

Scripture texts, prefaces, introductions, footnotes and cross references used in this work are taken from the New American Bible, revised edition © 2010, 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc., Washington, DC All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.