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Daniel 8:8-10
Complete Jewish Bible
Daniel 8:8-10
Complete Jewish Bible
8 The male goat then became extremely strong; but when it was strong, the big horn was broken; and in its place arose what appeared to be four horns in the directions of the four winds of heaven. 9 Out of one of them came a little horn which grew extremely big in the directions of the south and east, and in the direction of the Glory. 10 It grew so great that it reached the army of heaven; it hurled some of the army and the stars to the ground and trampled on them.
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Daniel 8:8-10
New International Version
Daniel 8:8-10
New International Version
8 The goat became very great, but at the height of its power the large horn was broken off,(A) and in its place four prominent horns grew up toward the four winds of heaven.(B)
9 Out of one of them came another horn, which started small(C) but grew in power to the south and to the east and toward the Beautiful Land.(D) 10 It grew until it reached(E) the host of the heavens, and it threw some of the starry host down to the earth(F) and trampled(G) on them.
Daniel 8:8-10
New English Translation
Daniel 8:8-10
New English Translation
8 The male goat acted even more arrogantly. But no sooner had the large horn become strong than it was broken, and there arose four conspicuous horns[a] in its place,[b] extending toward the four winds of the sky.[c]
9 From one of them came a small horn,[d] but it grew to be very great toward the south and the east and toward the beautiful land.[e] 10 It grew so great it reached the army[f] of heaven, and it brought about the fall of some of the army and some of the stars[g] to the ground, where it trampled them.
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- Daniel 8:8 tn The word “horns” is not in the Hebrew text but is implied.
- Daniel 8:8 sn The four conspicuous horns refer to Alexander’s successors. After his death, Alexander’s empire was divided up among four of his generals: Cassander, who took Macedonia and Greece; Lysimachus, who took Thrace and parts of Asia Minor; Seleucus, who took Syria and territory to its east; and Ptolemy, who took control of Egypt.
- Daniel 8:8 tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.
- Daniel 8:9 sn This small horn is Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who controlled the Seleucid kingdom from ca. 175-164 b.c. Antiochus was extremely hostile toward the Jews and persecuted them mercilessly.
- Daniel 8:9 sn The expression the beautiful land (Heb. הַצֶּבִי [hatsevi] = “the beauty”) is a cryptic reference to the land of Israel. Cf. 11:16, 41, where it is preceded by the word אֶרֶץ (ʾerets, “land”).
- Daniel 8:10 tn Traditionally, “host.” The term refers to God’s heavenly angelic assembly, which he sometimes leads into battle as an army.
- Daniel 8:10 sn In prescientific Israelite thinking the stars were associated with the angelic members of God’s heavenly assembly. See Judg 5:20; Job 38:7; Isa 40:26. In west Semitic mythology the stars were members of the high god’s divine assembly (see Isa 14:13).
Complete Jewish Bible (CJB)
Copyright © 1998 by David H. Stern. All rights reserved.
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New English Translation (NET)
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