1 Samuel 30
New English Translation
David Defeats the Amalekites
30 On the third day David and his men came to Ziklag. Now the Amalekites had raided the Negev and Ziklag. They attacked Ziklag and burned it.[a] 2 They took captive the women and all[b] who were in it, from the youngest to the oldest, but they did not kill anyone. They simply carried them off and went on their way.
3 When David and his men came to the city, they found it burned.[c] Their wives, sons, and daughters had been taken captive. 4 Then David and the men[d] who were with him wept loudly[e] until they could weep no more.[f] 5 David’s two wives had been taken captive—Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail the Carmelite, Nabal’s widow. 6 David was very upset, for the men[g] were thinking of stoning him;[h] each man grieved bitterly[i] over his sons and daughters. But David drew strength from the Lord his God.
7 Then David said to the priest Abiathar son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 8 David inquired of the Lord, saying, “Should I pursue this raiding band? Will I overtake them?” He said to him, “Pursue, for you will certainly overtake them and carry out a rescue!”
9 So David went, accompanied by his 600 men. When he came to the Wadi Besor, those who were in the rear stayed there.[j] 10 David and 400 men continued the pursuit, but 200 men who were too exhausted to cross the Wadi Besor stayed there.
11 Then they found an Egyptian in the field and brought him to David. They gave him bread to eat and water to drink. 12 They gave him a slice of pressed figs and two bunches of raisins to eat. This greatly refreshed him,[k] for he had not eaten food or drunk water for three days and three nights. 13 David said to him, “To whom do you belong, and where are you from?” The young man said, “I am an Egyptian, the servant of an Amalekite man. My master abandoned me when I was ill for three days. 14 We conducted a raid on the Negev of the Kerethites, on the area of Judah, and on the Negev of Caleb. We burned Ziklag.”[l] 15 David said to him, “Can you take us down to this raiding party?” He said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or hand me over to my master, and I will take you down to this raiding party.”
16 So he took David[m] down, and they found them spread out over the land. They were eating and drinking and enjoying themselves because of all the loot[n] they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah. 17 But David struck them down from twilight until the following evening. None of them escaped, with the exception of 400 young men who got away on camels.[o] 18 David retrieved everything the Amalekites had taken; he[p] also rescued his two wives. 19 There was nothing missing, whether small or great. He retrieved sons and daughters, the plunder, and everything else they had taken.[q] David brought everything back. 20 David took all the flocks and herds and drove them in front of the rest of the animals. People were saying, “This is David’s plunder!”
21 Then David approached the 200 men who had been too exhausted to go with him,[r] those whom they had left at the Wadi Besor. They went out to meet David and the people who were with him. When David approached the people, he asked how they were doing. 22 But all the evil and worthless men among those who had gone with David said, “Since they didn’t go with us,[s] we won’t give them any of the loot we retrieved! They may take only their wives and children. Let them lead them away and be gone!”
23 But David said, “No! You shouldn’t do this, my brothers. Look at what the Lord has given us![t] He has protected us and has delivered into our hands the raiding party that came against us. 24 Who will listen to you in this matter? The portion of the one who went down into the battle will be the same as the portion of the one who remained with the equipment! Let their portions be the same!”
25 From that time onward it was a binding ordinance[u] for Israel, right up to the present time.
26 When David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to the elders of Judah who were his friends, saying, “Here’s a gift[v] for you from the looting of the Lord’s enemies!” 27 The gift was for those in the following locations:[w] for those in Bethel, Ramoth Negev, and Jattir; 28 for those in Aroer, Siphmoth, Eshtemoa, 29 and Racal; for those in the cities of the Jerahmeelites and Kenites; 30 for those in Hormah, Bor Ashan, Athach, 31 and Hebron; and for those in whatever other places David and his men had traveled.
Footnotes
- 1 Samuel 30:1 tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”
- 1 Samuel 30:2 tc The MT omits “and all,” while the LXX includes it. That the next verse refers to the children as well as the women argues in favor of it.
- 1 Samuel 30:3 tn Heb “and David and his men came to the city, and look, it was burned with fire.”
- 1 Samuel 30:4 tn Heb “people.”
- 1 Samuel 30:4 tn Heb “lifted up their voice and wept.”
- 1 Samuel 30:4 tn Heb “until there was no longer in them strength to weep.”
- 1 Samuel 30:6 tn Heb “people.”
- 1 Samuel 30:6 tn Heb “said to stone him.”
- 1 Samuel 30:6 tn Heb “for bitter was the soul of all the people, each one.”
- 1 Samuel 30:9 tn Heb “stood.” So also in v. 10.
- 1 Samuel 30:12 tn Heb “his spirit returned to him.”
- 1 Samuel 30:14 tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”
- 1 Samuel 30:16 tn Heb “him”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 1 Samuel 30:16 tn Heb “because of all the large plunder.”
- 1 Samuel 30:17 tn Heb “who rode on camels and fled.”
- 1 Samuel 30:18 tn Heb “David.” The pronoun (“he”) has been substituted for the proper name in the translation for stylistic reasons.
- 1 Samuel 30:19 tn Heb “there was nothing missing to them, from the small even unto the great, and unto sons and daughters, and from loot even unto all which they had taken for themselves.”
- 1 Samuel 30:21 tn Heb “David.” The pronoun (“him”) has been substituted for the proper name in the translation for stylistic reasons.
- 1 Samuel 30:22 tc Heb “with me.” The singular is used rather than the plural because the group is being treated as a singular entity, in keeping with Hebrew idiom. It is not necessary to read “with us,” rather than the MT “with me,” although the plural can be found here in a few medieval Hebrew mss. See also the LXX, Syriac Peshitta, and Vulgate, although these versions may simply reflect an understanding of the idiom as found in the MT rather than a different textual reading.
- 1 Samuel 30:23 tc This clause is difficult in the MT. The present translation accepts the text as found in the MT and understands this clause to be elliptical, with an understood verb such as “look” or “consider.” On the other hand, the LXX seems to reflect a slightly different Hebrew text, reading “after” where the MT has “my brothers.” The Greek translation yields the following translation: “You should not do this after the Lord has delivered us.” Although the Greek reading should be taken seriously, it seems better to follow the MT here.
- 1 Samuel 30:25 tn Heb “a statute and a judgment.” The expression is a hendiadys.
- 1 Samuel 30:26 tn Heb “blessing.”
- 1 Samuel 30:27 tn This sentence is not in the Hebrew text. It is supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity.
撒母耳记上 30
Chinese Union Version Modern Punctuation (Simplified)
亚玛力人焚掠洗革拉
30 第三日，大卫和跟随他的人到了洗革拉。亚玛力人已经侵夺南地，攻破洗革拉，用火焚烧， 2 掳了城内的妇女和其中的大小人口，却没有杀一个，都带着走了。 3 大卫和跟随他的人到了那城，不料，城已烧毁，他们的妻子、儿女都被掳去了。 4 大卫和跟随他的人就放声大哭，直哭得没有气力。 5 大卫的两个妻耶斯列人亚希暖和做过拿八妻的迦密人亚比该，也被掳去了。 6 大卫甚是焦急，因众人为自己的儿女苦恼，说要用石头打死他。大卫却倚靠耶和华他的神，心里坚固。
大卫追亚玛力人
7 大卫对亚希米勒的儿子祭司亚比亚他说：“请你将以弗得拿过来。”亚比亚他就将以弗得拿到大卫面前。 8 大卫求问耶和华说：“我追赶敌军，追得上追不上呢？”耶和华说：“你可以追，必追得上，都救得回来。” 9 于是，大卫和跟随他的六百人来到比梭溪，有不能前去的就留在那里。 10 大卫却带着四百人往前追赶，有二百人疲乏，不能过比梭溪，所以留在那里。
11 这四百人在田野遇见一个埃及人，就带他到大卫面前，给他饼吃，给他水喝， 12 又给他一块无花果饼，两个葡萄饼。他吃了，就精神复原，因为他三日三夜没有吃饼，没有喝水。 13 大卫问他说：“你是属谁的？你是哪里的人？”他回答说：“我是埃及的少年人，是亚玛力人的奴仆。因我三日前患病，我主人就把我撇弃了。 14 我们侵夺了基利提的南方和属犹大的地，并迦勒地的南方，又用火烧了洗革拉。” 15 大卫问他说：“你肯领我们到敌军那里不肯？”他回答说：“你要向我指着神起誓，不杀我，也不将我交在我主人手里，我就领你下到敌军那里。”
尽返掠物
16 那人领大卫下去，见他们散在地上，吃喝跳舞，因为从非利士地和犹大地所掳来的财物甚多。 17 大卫从黎明直到次日晚上，击杀他们，除了四百骑骆驼的少年人之外，没有一个逃脱的。 18 亚玛力人所掳去的财物，大卫全都夺回，并救回他的两个妻来。 19 凡亚玛力人所掳去的，无论大小、儿女、财物，大卫都夺回来，没有失落一个。 20 大卫所夺来的牛群羊群，跟随他的人赶在原有的群畜前边，说：“这是大卫的掠物。”
定分掳物之例
21 大卫到了那疲乏不能跟随，留在比梭溪的二百人那里。他们出来迎接大卫并跟随的人，大卫前来问他们安。 22 跟随大卫人中的恶人和匪类说：“这些人既然没有和我们同去，我们所夺的财物就不分给他们，只将他们各人的妻子、儿女给他们，使他们带去就是了。” 23 大卫说：“弟兄们，耶和华所赐给我们的，不可不分给他们，因为他保佑我们，将那攻击我们的敌军交在我们手里。 24 这事谁肯依从你们呢？上阵的得多少，看守器具的也得多少，应当大家平分。” 25 大卫定此为以色列的律例、典章，从那日直到今日。
26 大卫到了洗革拉，从掠物中取些送给他朋友犹大的长老，说：“这是从耶和华仇敌那里夺来的，送你们为礼物。” 27 他送礼物给住伯特利的，南地拉末的，雅提珥的， 28 住亚罗珥的，息末的，以实提莫的， 29 住拉哈勒的，耶拉篾各城的，基尼各城的， 30 住何珥玛的，歌拉珊的，亚挞的， 31 住希伯仑的，并大卫和跟随他的人素来所到之处的人。
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