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Samuel Anoints David as King

16 The Lord said to Samuel, “How long do you intend to mourn for Saul? I have rejected him as king over Israel.[a] Fill your horn with olive oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse in Bethlehem, for I have selected a king for myself from among his sons.”[b]

Samuel replied, “How can I go? Saul will hear about it and kill me!” But the Lord said, “Take a heifer with you[c] and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the Lord.’ Then invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you should do. You will anoint for me the one I point out[d] to you.”

Samuel did what the Lord told him.[e] When he arrived in Bethlehem, the elders of the city were afraid to meet him. They[f] said, “Do you come in peace?” He replied, “Yes, in peace. I have come to sacrifice to the Lord. Consecrate yourselves and come with me to the sacrifice.” So he consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice.

When they arrived, Samuel[g] noticed[h] Eliab and said to himself,[i] “Surely, here before the Lord stands his chosen king.”[j] But the Lord said to Samuel, “Don’t be impressed by[k] his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. God does not view things the way people do.[l] People look on the outward appearance,[m] but the Lord looks at the heart.”

Then Jesse called Abinadab and presented him to Samuel.[n] But Samuel[o] said, “The Lord has not chosen this one either.” Then Jesse presented[p] Shammah. But Samuel said, “The Lord has not chosen this one either.” 10 Jesse presented seven of his sons to Samuel.[q] But Samuel said to Jesse, “The Lord has not chosen any of these.” 11 Then Samuel asked Jesse, “Is that all the young men?” Jesse[r] replied, “There is still the youngest one, but he’s taking care of the flock.” Samuel said to Jesse, “Send and get him, for we cannot turn our attention to other things until he comes here.”

12 So Jesse had him brought in.[s] Now he was ruddy, with attractive eyes and a handsome appearance. The Lord said, “Go and anoint him. This is the one.” 13 So Samuel took the horn full of olive oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers. The Spirit of the Lord rushed upon David from that day onward. Then Samuel got up and went to Ramah.

David Appears before Saul

14 Now the Spirit of the Lord had turned away from Saul, and an evil spirit[t] from the Lord tormented him. 15 Then Saul’s servants said to him, “Look, an evil spirit from God is tormenting you. 16 Let our lord instruct his servants who are here before you to look for a man who knows how to play the lyre. Then whenever the evil spirit from God comes upon you, he can play the lyre[u] and you will feel better.”[v] 17 So Saul said to his servants, “Find[w] me a man who plays well and bring him to me.” 18 One of his attendants replied,[x] “I have seen a son of Jesse in Bethlehem who knows how to play the lyre. He is a brave warrior[y] and is articulate[z] and handsome,[aa] for the Lord is with him.”

19 So Saul sent messengers to Jesse and said, “Send me your son David, who is out with the sheep.” 20 So Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread, a container of wine, and a young goat[ab] and sent them to Saul with[ac] his son David. 21 David came to Saul and stood before him. Saul liked him a great deal,[ad] and he became his armor-bearer. 22 Then Saul sent word to Jesse saying, “Let David be my servant, for I am very pleased with him.”[ae]

23 So whenever the spirit from God would come upon Saul, David would take his lyre and play it. This would bring relief to Saul and make him feel better. Then the evil spirit would leave him alone.[af]

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 16:1 tc The Lucianic recension of the Old Greek translation includes the following words: “And the Lord said to Samuel.”
  2. 1 Samuel 16:1 tn Heb “for I have seen among his sons for me a king.”
  3. 1 Samuel 16:2 tn Heb “in your hand.”
  4. 1 Samuel 16:3 tn Heb “say”; KJV, NRSV “name”; NIV “indicate.”
  5. 1 Samuel 16:4 tn Heb “said.”
  6. 1 Samuel 16:4 tc In the MT the verb is singular (“he said”), but the translation follows many medieval Hebrew mss and ancient versions in reading the plural (“they said”).
  7. 1 Samuel 16:6 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Samuel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  8. 1 Samuel 16:6 tn Heb “saw.”
  9. 1 Samuel 16:6 tn Heb “said”; the words “to himself” are implied, given the secrecy surrounding Samuel’s mission to Bethlehem (v. 2).
  10. 1 Samuel 16:6 tn Heb “his anointed one.”
  11. 1 Samuel 16:7 tn Heb “don’t look toward.”
  12. 1 Samuel 16:7 tn Heb “for not that which the man sees.” The translation follows the LXX, which reads, “for not as man sees does God see.” The MT has suffered from homoioteleuton or homoioarcton. See P. K. McCarter, I Samuel (AB), 274.
  13. 1 Samuel 16:7 tn Heb “to the eyes.”
  14. 1 Samuel 16:8 tn Heb “and caused him to pass before.”
  15. 1 Samuel 16:8 tn Heb “he” (also in v. 9); the referent (Samuel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  16. 1 Samuel 16:9 tn Heb “caused to pass by.”
  17. 1 Samuel 16:10 tn Heb “caused seven of his sons to pass before Samuel.” This could be taken as referring to seven sons in addition to the three mentioned before this, but 1 Sam 17:12 says Jesse had eight sons, not eleven. 1 Chr 2:13-15 lists only seven sons, including David. However, 1 Chr 27:18 mentions an additional son, named Elihu.
  18. 1 Samuel 16:11 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jesse) has been specified in the translation both here and in v. 12 for clarity.
  19. 1 Samuel 16:12 tn Heb “and he sent and brought him.”
  20. 1 Samuel 16:14 tn Or “an injurious spirit”; cf. NLT “a tormenting spirit.” The phrase need not refer to an evil, demonic spirit. The Hebrew word translated “evil” may refer to the character of the spirit or to its effect upon Saul. If the latter, another translation option might be “a mischief-making spirit.”
  21. 1 Samuel 16:16 tn Heb “and he will play with his hand.”
  22. 1 Samuel 16:16 tn Heb “and it will be better for you.”
  23. 1 Samuel 16:17 tn Heb “see.”
  24. 1 Samuel 16:18 tn Heb “answered and said.”
  25. 1 Samuel 16:18 tn Heb “mighty man of valor and a man of war.”
  26. 1 Samuel 16:18 tn Heb “discerning of word.”
  27. 1 Samuel 16:18 tn Heb “a man of form.”
  28. 1 Samuel 16:20 tn Heb “a kid of the goats.”
  29. 1 Samuel 16:20 tn Heb “by the hand of.”
  30. 1 Samuel 16:21 tn Heb “he loved him.”
  31. 1 Samuel 16:22 tn Heb “Let David stand before me, for he has found favor in my eyes.”
  32. 1 Samuel 16:23 tn Heb “would turn aside from upon him.”

L’Eternel fait oindre un nouveau roi et lui donne son Esprit

16 L’Eternel dit à Samuel : Combien de temps encore vas-tu pleurer sur Saül, alors que moi, je l’ai rejeté pour lui retirer la royauté sur Israël ? Remplis ta corne d’huile et va à Bethléhem[a], je t’envoie chez Isaï[b], car je me suis choisi pour moi un roi parmi ses fils.

Samuel répondit : Comment puis-je faire cela ? Saül l’apprendra et il me fera mourir !

L’Eternel lui dit : Tu emmèneras une génisse et tu diras que tu vas m’offrir un sacrifice. Tu inviteras Isaï à y assister et je t’indiquerai alors ce que tu devras faire. Tu conféreras de ma part l’onction à celui que je te désignerai.

Samuel fit ce que l’Eternel lui avait ordonné. Lorsqu’il arriva à Bethléhem, les responsables de la ville, inquiets, vinrent au-devant de lui et lui demandèrent : Ta venue annonce-t-elle quelque chose de bon ?

– Oui, répondit-il, c’est quelque chose de bon : je suis venu offrir un sacrifice à l’Eternel. Purifiez-vous et venez ensuite avec moi au sacrifice.

Il demanda également à Isaï et ses fils de se purifier en les invitant à prendre part au repas du sacrifice.

A leur arrivée, il remarqua Eliab et se dit : Certainement, c’est celui qui se tient maintenant devant l’Eternel qu’il a choisi pour lui donner l’onction.

Mais l’Eternel lui dit : Ne te laisse pas impressionner par son apparence physique et sa taille imposante, car ce n’est pas lui que j’ai choisi. Je ne juge pas de la même manière que les hommes. L’homme ne voit que ce qui frappe les yeux, mais l’Eternel regarde au cœur.

Ensuite Isaï appela Abinadab et le présenta à Samuel, mais il dit : L’Eternel n’a pas non plus choisi celui-ci.

Puis Isaï fit avancer Shamma. Samuel dit à nouveau : L’Eternel n’a pas non plus choisi celui-ci.

10 Isaï présenta ainsi sept fils à Samuel et celui-ci lui dit : L’Eternel n’a choisi aucun de ceux-là.

11 Puis il lui demanda : Est-ce que ce sont là tous tes garçons ?

– Non, répondit Isaï. Il reste encore le plus jeune qui garde les moutons au pâturage.

– Envoie-le chercher ! ordonna Samuel, car nous ne nous installerons pas pour le repas du sacrifice avant qu’il ne soit arrivé ici.

12 Isaï le fit donc venir. C’était un garçon aux cheveux roux, avec de beaux yeux et qui avait belle apparence. L’Eternel dit à Samuel : C’est lui. Vas-y, confère-lui l’onction.

13 Samuel prit la corne pleine d’huile et il en oignit David en présence de sa famille. L’Esprit de l’Eternel tomba sur David et demeura sur lui à partir de ce jour-là et dans la suite. Après cela, Samuel se remit en route et retourna à Rama.

L’Eternel retire son Esprit à Saül

14 L’Esprit de l’Eternel se retira de Saül, tandis qu’un mauvais esprit envoyé par l’Eternel se mit à le tourmenter. 15 Les serviteurs de Saül lui dirent : Voilà qu’un mauvais esprit envoyé par Dieu te tourmente. 16 Il te suffit, notre seigneur, de dire un mot et tes serviteurs ici présents te chercheront quelqu’un qui sache jouer de la lyre. Quand le mauvais esprit de Dieu t’assaillira, le musicien jouera de son instrument et cela te soulagera.

17 Saül répondit : D’accord, cherchez-moi donc un bon musicien et amenez-le-moi !

18 L’un des serviteurs dit alors : J’ai justement remarqué un fils d’Isaï de Bethléhem, qui sait jouer de la lyre. C’est aussi un brave guerrier. De plus, il s’exprime bien, il a belle apparence et l’Eternel est avec lui.

19 Saül envoya alors des messagers à Isaï avec cet ordre : Envoie-moi ton fils David, celui qui garde les moutons.

20 Isaï prit un âne qu’il chargea de pains, d’une outre de vin et d’un chevreau et il envoya ces présents à Saül par son fils David. 21 Quand celui-ci arriva chez Saül, il entra à son service ; Saül le prit en affection et lui confia le soin de porter ses armes. 22 Il envoya dire à Isaï : J’apprécie beaucoup David. Qu’il reste donc à mon service !

23 Dès lors, chaque fois que le mauvais esprit venu de Dieu assaillait Saül, David prenait sa lyre et en jouait. Alors Saül se calmait et se sentait mieux, et le mauvais esprit le quittait.

Footnotes

  1. 16.1 Ville de Juda à 7 kilomètres de Jérusalem, connue sous le nom d’Ephrata (Gn 48.7) et appelée plus tard la ville de David (Lc 2.4) où naîtra le Christ (Mi 5.1 ; Mt 2.1).
  2. 16.1 Appelé aussi Jessé dans certaines traductions de la Bible.

Samuel Anoints David

16 The Lord said to Samuel, “How long will you mourn(A) for Saul, since I have rejected(B) him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil(C) and be on your way; I am sending you to Jesse(D) of Bethlehem. I have chosen(E) one of his sons to be king.”

But Samuel said, “How can I go? If Saul hears about it, he will kill me.”

The Lord said, “Take a heifer with you and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the Lord.’ Invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show(F) you what to do. You are to anoint(G) for me the one I indicate.”

Samuel did what the Lord said. When he arrived at Bethlehem,(H) the elders of the town trembled(I) when they met him. They asked, “Do you come in peace?(J)

Samuel replied, “Yes, in peace; I have come to sacrifice to the Lord. Consecrate(K) yourselves and come to the sacrifice with me.” Then he consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice.

When they arrived, Samuel saw Eliab(L) and thought, “Surely the Lord’s anointed stands here before the Lord.”

But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance,(M) but the Lord looks at the heart.”(N)

Then Jesse called Abinadab(O) and had him pass in front of Samuel. But Samuel said, “The Lord has not chosen this one either.” Jesse then had Shammah(P) pass by, but Samuel said, “Nor has the Lord chosen this one.” 10 Jesse had seven of his sons pass before Samuel, but Samuel said to him, “The Lord has not chosen these.” 11 So he asked Jesse, “Are these all(Q) the sons you have?”

“There is still the youngest,” Jesse answered. “He is tending the sheep.”(R)

Samuel said, “Send for him; we will not sit down until he arrives.”

12 So he(S) sent for him and had him brought in. He was glowing with health and had a fine appearance and handsome(T) features.

Then the Lord said, “Rise and anoint him; this is the one.”

13 So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed(U) him in the presence of his brothers, and from that day on the Spirit of the Lord(V) came powerfully upon David.(W) Samuel then went to Ramah.

David in Saul’s Service

14 Now the Spirit of the Lord had departed(X) from Saul, and an evil[a] spirit(Y) from the Lord tormented him.(Z)

15 Saul’s attendants said to him, “See, an evil spirit from God is tormenting you. 16 Let our lord command his servants here to search for someone who can play the lyre.(AA) He will play when the evil spirit from God comes on you, and you will feel better.”

17 So Saul said to his attendants, “Find someone who plays well and bring him to me.”

18 One of the servants answered, “I have seen a son of Jesse(AB) of Bethlehem who knows how to play the lyre. He is a brave man and a warrior.(AC) He speaks well and is a fine-looking man. And the Lord is with(AD) him.”

19 Then Saul sent messengers to Jesse and said, “Send me your son David, who is with the sheep.(AE) 20 So Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread,(AF) a skin of wine and a young goat and sent them with his son David to Saul.

21 David came to Saul and entered his service.(AG) Saul liked him very much, and David became one of his armor-bearers. 22 Then Saul sent word to Jesse, saying, “Allow David to remain in my service, for I am pleased with him.”

23 Whenever the spirit from God came on Saul, David would take up his lyre and play. Then relief would come to Saul; he would feel better, and the evil spirit(AH) would leave him.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 16:14 Or and a harmful; similarly in verses 15, 16 and 23