痲瘋病患者的潔淨條例

14 耶和華對摩西說: 「以下是有關痲瘋病患者的潔淨條例。

「痲瘋病患者痊癒後,要通知祭司。 祭司要到營外去檢查,如果發現他的病已痊癒, 要吩咐人為他拿來兩隻潔淨的鳥、香柏木、朱紅色線和牛膝草。 祭司要吩咐人在一個盛清水的陶器上宰殺一隻鳥, 然後祭司要把另一隻鳥,連同香柏木、朱紅色線和牛膝草一起蘸在摻了清水的鳥血裡。 祭司要用鳥血在他身上灑七次,宣佈他是潔淨的,然後放走那隻活鳥,讓牠飛向田野。 他要洗淨衣服,剃去所有毛髮,沐浴之後便潔淨了,可以回到營內,但要住在自己的帳篷外七天。 第七天,他要再次剃掉頭髮、鬍鬚和眉毛等各處毛髮,並洗衣、沐浴,之後便潔淨了。

10 「第八天,他要帶來兩隻毫無殘疾的公羊羔、一隻毫無殘疾的一歲母羊羔、三公斤作素祭的調油的細麵粉和一杯油。 11 主持潔淨禮的祭司要把他及其祭物帶到會幕門口、耶和華面前, 12 並獻上一隻公羊羔和一杯油作贖過祭,作為搖祭在耶和華面前搖一搖。 13 他要在殺贖罪祭牲和燔祭牲的聖潔之處宰公羊羔。贖過祭的祭物要歸祭司,像贖罪祭一樣,這是至聖之物。 14 祭司要拿一些贖過祭祭牲的血抹在求潔淨者的右耳垂、右手大拇指和右腳大腳趾上。 15 祭司要拿那杯油,倒一些在自己左手掌中, 16 用一根右手指蘸左手掌裡的油,在耶和華面前彈灑七次, 17 然後用手掌中剩下的油抹求潔淨者的右耳垂、右手大拇指和右腳大腳趾,就是抹了贖過祭祭牲血的地方。 18 祭司要把手掌裡剩下的油抹在求潔淨者的頭上。這樣,祭司在耶和華面前為他贖了罪。 19 祭司要獻上贖罪祭,為求潔淨者贖罪。然後,祭司要宰殺燔祭牲, 20 在祭壇上獻燔祭和素祭,為他贖罪,他就潔淨了。

21 「他如果貧窮,獻不起那麼多祭物,可以獻一隻公羊羔作贖過祭,用搖祭的方式贖罪;也要獻一公斤作素祭的調油的細麵粉和一杯油; 22 還要按自己的能力獻兩隻斑鳩或雛鴿,一隻作贖罪祭,一隻作燔祭。 23 第八天,他必須把這些祭物帶到會幕門口,在耶和華面前交給祭司。 24 祭司要用作贖過祭的羊羔和一杯油作搖祭,在耶和華面前搖一搖。 25 接著,祭司要宰殺作贖過祭的羊羔,拿一些羊血抹在他的右耳垂、右手大拇指和右腳大腳趾上。 26 祭司也要把一些油倒在自己左手掌中, 27 用一根右手指蘸左手掌中的油,在耶和華面前彈灑七次, 28 然後把手掌中的一些油抹在他的右耳垂、右手大拇指和右腳大腳趾上,就是抹了贖過祭祭牲血的地方。 29 祭司要把手掌裡剩下的油抹在他頭上,在耶和華面前為他贖罪。 30 然後獻上那人按自己能力帶來的兩隻斑鳩或雛鴿, 31 一隻作贖罪祭,一隻作燔祭。這樣,祭司在耶和華面前為他贖了罪。 32 這是獻不起潔淨禮所需祭物的痲瘋病患者應當遵守的條例。」

處理房子發黴的條例

33 耶和華對摩西和亞倫說:

34 「你們到了我賜給你們作產業的迦南以後,如果我使那裡的房屋中有發黴現象, 35 屋主必須去告訴祭司,『我的房子裡好像有發黴現象。』 36 祭司進去檢查前,要吩咐人把房子騰空,免得房子裡的一切都變得不潔淨。之後,祭司要進去檢查, 37 如發現牆壁上出現紅色或綠色黴斑,並且侵入牆中, 38 就要封閉房子七天。 39 第七天,祭司要回去檢查。若發現牆壁上的黴斑蔓延, 40 就要下令拆掉有黴斑的石塊,丟到城外不潔淨的地方, 41 然後命人刮掉屋內牆壁上的灰泥,倒在城外不潔淨的地方。 42 要另找石塊補被拆掉的地方,並用灰泥重新粉刷房子。

43 「如果拆掉石塊、刮掉灰泥、重新粉刷以後,黴斑再度出現並蔓延, 44 祭司要去檢查,若發現黴斑已蔓延,那房子就不潔淨。 45 房主要拆掉房子,把石塊、木料和所有灰泥都丟到城外不潔淨的地方。 46 房子封閉期間,任何人進去,都不潔淨,要等到傍晚才能潔淨。 47 凡在房內睡覺或吃飯的人,都必須洗淨衣服。

48 「祭司檢查粉刷後的房子,若發現房內沒有再度出現黴斑,就要宣佈房子是潔淨的。 49 為潔淨房子,祭司要取兩隻鳥、香柏木、朱紅色線和牛膝草, 50 在一個盛清水的陶器上宰殺一隻鳥, 51 然後用香柏木、牛膝草、朱紅色線和另一隻活鳥蘸摻了清水的鳥血,向房子灑七次。 52 祭司用鳥血、清水、活鳥、香柏木、牛膝草和朱紅色線潔淨那房子後, 53 要放走那隻活鳥,讓牠飛到城外的田野。這樣,祭司為那房子贖了罪,房子就潔淨了。」

54 以上是有關痲瘋病、疥癬、 55 衣物或房子發黴、 56 腫包、皮疹或白斑的條例。 57 根據這些條例,可以分辨有關的人或物何時潔淨、何時不潔淨。

The Ritual for Cleansing Healed Lepers(A)

14 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “This shall be the law of the [a]leper for the day of his cleansing: He (B)shall be brought to the priest. And the priest shall go out of the camp, and the priest shall examine him; and indeed, if the [b]leprosy is healed in the leper, then the priest shall command to take for him who is to be cleansed two living and clean birds, (C)cedar wood, (D)scarlet, and (E)hyssop. And the priest shall command that one of the birds be killed in an earthen vessel over running water. As for the living bird, he shall take it, the cedar wood and the scarlet and the hyssop, and dip them and the living bird in the blood of the bird that was killed over the running water. And he shall (F)sprinkle it (G)seven times on him who is to be cleansed from the leprosy, and shall pronounce him clean, and shall let the living bird loose in the open field. He who is to be cleansed (H)shall wash his clothes, shave off all his hair, and (I)wash himself in water, that he may be clean. After that he shall come into the camp, and (J)shall stay outside his tent seven days. But on the (K)seventh day he shall shave all the hair off his head and his beard and his eyebrows—all his hair he shall shave off. He shall wash his clothes and wash his body in water, and he shall be clean.

10 “And on the eighth day (L)he shall take two male lambs without blemish, one ewe lamb of the first year without blemish, three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as (M)a grain offering, and one log of oil. 11 Then the priest who makes him clean shall present the man who is to be made clean, and those things, before the Lord, at the door of the tabernacle of meeting. 12 And the priest shall take one male lamb and (N)offer it as a trespass offering, and the log of oil, and (O)wave them as a wave offering before the Lord. 13 Then he shall kill the lamb (P)in the place where he kills the sin offering and the burnt offering, in a holy place; for (Q)as the sin offering is the priest’s, so is the trespass offering. (R)It is most holy. 14 The priest shall take some of the blood of the trespass offering, and the priest shall put it (S)on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot. 15 And the priest shall take some of the log of oil, and pour it into the palm of his own left hand. 16 Then the priest shall dip his right finger in the oil that is in his left hand, and shall (T)sprinkle some of the oil with his finger seven times before the Lord. 17 And of the rest of the oil in his hand, the priest shall put some on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot, on the blood of the trespass offering. 18 The rest of the oil that is in the priest’s hand he shall put on the head of him who is to be cleansed. (U)So the priest shall make [c]atonement for him before the Lord.

19 “Then the priest shall offer (V)the sin offering, and make atonement for him who is to be cleansed from his uncleanness. Afterward he shall kill the burnt offering. 20 And the priest shall offer the burnt offering and the grain offering on the altar. So the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be (W)clean.

21 “But (X)if he is poor and cannot afford it, then he shall take one male lamb as a trespass offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, [d]one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, a log of oil, 22 (Y)and two turtledoves or two young pigeons, such as he is able to afford: one shall be a sin offering and the other a burnt offering. 23 (Z)He shall bring them to the priest on the eighth day for his cleansing, to the door of the tabernacle of meeting, before the Lord. 24 (AA)And the priest shall take the lamb of the trespass offering and the log of oil, and the priest shall wave them as a wave offering before the Lord. 25 Then he shall kill the lamb of the trespass offering, (AB)and the priest shall take some of the blood of the trespass offering and put it on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot. 26 And the priest shall pour some of the oil into the palm of his own left hand. 27 Then the priest shall sprinkle with his right finger some of the oil that is in his left hand seven times before the Lord. 28 And the priest shall put some of the oil that is in his hand on the tip of the right ear of him who is to be cleansed, on the thumb of the right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot, on the place of the blood of the trespass offering. 29 The rest of the oil that is in the priest’s hand he shall put on the head of him who is to be cleansed, to make atonement for him before the Lord. 30 And he shall offer one of (AC)the turtledoves or young pigeons, such as he can afford— 31 such as he is able to afford, the one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, with the grain offering. So the priest shall make atonement for him who is to be cleansed before the Lord. 32 This is the law for one who had a leprous sore, who cannot afford (AD)the usual cleansing.”

The Law Concerning Leprous Houses

33 And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying: 34 (AE)“When you have come into the land of Canaan, which I give you as a possession, and (AF)I put the [e]leprous plague in a house in the land of your possession, 35 and he who owns the house comes and tells the priest, saying, ‘It seems to me that there is (AG)some plague in the house,’ 36 then the priest shall command that they empty the house, before the priest goes into it to examine the plague, that all that is in the house may not be made unclean; and afterward the priest shall go in to examine the house. 37 And he shall examine the plague; and indeed if the plague is on the walls of the house with ingrained streaks, greenish or reddish, which appear to be [f]deep in the wall, 38 then the priest shall go out of the house, to the door of the house, and [g]shut up the house seven days. 39 And the priest shall come again on the seventh day and look; and indeed if the plague has spread on the walls of the house, 40 then the priest shall command that they take away the stones in which is the plague, and they shall cast them into an unclean place outside the city. 41 And he shall cause the house to be scraped inside, all around, and the dust that they scrape off they shall pour out in an unclean place outside the city. 42 Then they shall take other stones and put them in the place of those stones, and he shall take other mortar and plaster the house.

43 “Now if the plague comes back and breaks out in the house, after he has taken away the stones, after he has scraped the house, and after it is plastered, 44 then the priest shall come and look; and indeed if the plague has spread in the house, it is (AH)an active leprosy in the house. It is unclean. 45 And he shall break down the house, its stones, its timber, and all the plaster of the house, and he shall carry them outside the city to an unclean place. 46 Moreover he who goes into the house at all while it is shut up shall be [h]unclean (AI)until evening. 47 And he who lies down in the house shall (AJ)wash his clothes, and he who eats in the house shall wash his clothes.

48 “But if the priest comes in and examines it, and indeed the plague has not spread in the house after the house was plastered, then the priest shall pronounce the house clean, because the plague is healed. 49 And (AK)he shall take, to cleanse the house, two birds, cedar wood, scarlet, and hyssop. 50 Then he shall kill one of the birds in an earthen vessel over running water; 51 and he shall take the cedar wood, the hyssop, the scarlet, and the living bird, and dip them in the blood of the slain bird and in the running water, and sprinkle the house seven times. 52 And he shall [i]cleanse the house with the blood of the bird and the running water and the living bird, with the cedar wood, the hyssop, and the scarlet. 53 Then he shall let the living bird loose outside the city in the open field, and (AL)make atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.

54 “This is the law for any (AM)leprous sore and scale, 55 for the (AN)leprosy of a garment (AO)and of a house, 56 (AP)for a swelling and a scab and a bright spot, 57 to (AQ)teach when it is unclean and when it is clean. This is the law of leprosy.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 14:2 See note at 13:2
  2. Leviticus 14:3 Heb. saraath, disfiguring skin diseases, including leprosy, and so in vv. 2–32
  3. Leviticus 14:18 Lit. covering
  4. Leviticus 14:21 Approximately two dry quarts
  5. Leviticus 14:34 Decomposition by mildew, mold, dry rot, etc., and so in vv. 34–53
  6. Leviticus 14:37 Lit. lower than the wall
  7. Leviticus 14:38 quarantine
  8. Leviticus 14:46 defiled
  9. Leviticus 14:52 ceremonially cleanse