Dedicated Service

12 Therefore (A)I urge you, brothers and sisters, by the mercies of God, to (B)present your bodies as a living and holy sacrifice, [a]acceptable to God, which is your [b]spiritual service of worship. And do not (C)be conformed to (D)this [c]world, but be transformed by the (E)renewing of your mind, so that you may [d](F)prove what the will of God is, that which is good and [e]acceptable and perfect.

For through (G)the grace given to me I say to everyone among you (H)not to think more highly of himself than he ought to think; but to think so as to have sound judgment, as God has allotted to (I)each a measure of faith. For (J)just as we have many parts in one body and all [f]the body’s parts do not have the same function, so we, (K)who are many, are (L)one body in Christ, and individually parts of one another. However, since we have gifts that (M)differ according to the grace given to us, each of us is to use them properly: if (N)prophecy, [g]in proportion to one’s faith; if [h](O)service, in the act of serving; or the one who (P)teaches, in the act of teaching; or the one who [i](Q)exhorts, in the work of [j]exhortation; the one who gives, with [k](R)generosity; (S)the one who [l]is in leadership, with diligence; the one who shows mercy, with (T)cheerfulness.

[m](U)Love must be free of hypocrisy. (V)Detest what is evil; cling to what is good. 10 Be (W)devoted to one another in brotherly love; [n]give preference to one another (X)in honor, 11 not lagging behind in diligence, (Y)fervent in spirit, (Z)serving the Lord; 12 (AA)rejoicing in hope, (AB)persevering in tribulation, (AC)devoted to prayer, 13 (AD)contributing to the needs of the [o]saints, [p](AE)practicing hospitality.

14 (AF)Bless those who persecute [q]you; bless and do not curse. 15 (AG)Rejoice with those who rejoice, and weep with those who weep. 16 (AH)Be of the same mind toward one another; (AI)do not be [r]haughty in mind, but [s]associate with the lowly. (AJ)Do not be wise in your own estimation. 17 (AK)Never repay evil for evil to anyone. [t](AL)Respect what is right in the sight of all people. 18 If possible, (AM)so far as it depends on you, (AN)be at peace with all people. 19 (AO)Never take your own revenge, beloved, but [u]leave room for the wrath of God, for it is written: “(AP)Vengeance is Mine, I will repay,” says the Lord. 20 (AQ)But if your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him a drink; for in so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.” 21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

Be Subject to Government

13 Every [v](AR)person is to be (AS)subject to the governing authorities. For (AT)there is no authority except [w]from God, and those which exist are established by God. Therefore [x]whoever resists authority has opposed the ordinance of God; and they who have opposed will receive condemnation upon themselves. For (AU)rulers are not a cause of fear for [y]good behavior, but for evil. Do you want to have no fear of authority? Do what is good and you will have praise from the same; for it is a servant of God to you for good. But if you do what is evil, be afraid; for it does not bear the sword for nothing; for it is a servant of God, an (AV)avenger who brings wrath on the one who practices evil. Therefore it is necessary to be in subjection, not only because of wrath, but also (AW)for the sake of conscience. For because of this you also pay taxes, for rulers are servants of God, devoting themselves to this very thing. (AX)Pay to all what is due them: (AY)tax to whom tax is due; (AZ)custom to whom custom; [z]respect to whom [aa]respect; honor to whom honor.

Owe nothing to anyone except to love one another; for (BA)the one who loves [ab]his neighbor has fulfilled the Law. For this, “(BB)You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and if there is any other commandment, it is summed up in this saying, “(BC)You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 10 Love [ac]does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore (BD)love is the fulfillment of the Law.

11 Do this, knowing the time, that it is (BE)already the hour for you to (BF)awaken from sleep; for now [ad]salvation is nearer to us than when we first believed. 12 (BG)The night is almost gone, and (BH)the day is near. Therefore let’s rid ourselves of (BI)the deeds of darkness and put on (BJ)the armor of light. 13 Let’s [ae](BK)behave properly as in the day, (BL)not in carousing and drunkenness, not in sexual promiscuity and debauchery, not in strife and jealousy. 14 But (BM)put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh (BN)in regard to its lusts.

Principles of Conscience

14 Now (BO)accept the one who is (BP)weak [af]in faith, but not [ag]to have quarrels over opinions. (BQ)One person has faith that he may eat all things, but the one who is (BR)weak eats only vegetables. The one who eats is not to (BS)regard with contempt the one who does not eat, and the one who does not eat is not to (BT)judge the one who eats, for God has (BU)accepted him. (BV)Who are you to judge the [ah]servant of another? To his own [ai]master he stands or falls; and he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand.

(BW)One person [aj]values one day over another, another [ak]values every day the same. Each person must be (BX)fully convinced in his own mind. The one who observes the day, observes it for the Lord, and the one who eats, [al]does so with regard to the Lord, for he (BY)gives thanks to God; and the one who does not eat, it is for the Lord that he does not eat, and he gives thanks to God. For not one of us (BZ)lives for himself, and not one dies for himself; for if we live, we live for the Lord, or if we die, we die for the Lord; therefore (CA)whether we live or die, we are the Lord’s. For to this end (CB)Christ died and lived again, that He might be (CC)Lord both of the dead and of the living.

10 But as for you, why do you judge your brother or sister? Or you as well, why do you (CD)regard your brother or sister with contempt? For (CE)we will all appear before the judgment seat of God. 11 For it is written:

(CF)As I live, says the Lord, (CG)to Me every knee will bow,
And every tongue will [am]give praise to God.”

12 So then (CH)each one of us will give an account of himself to God.

13 Therefore let’s not (CI)judge one another anymore, but rather [an]determine this: (CJ)not to put an obstacle or a stumbling block in a brother’s or sister’s way. 14 I know and am convinced [ao]in the Lord Jesus that (CK)nothing is [ap]unclean in itself; but to the one who (CL)thinks something is [aq]unclean, to that person it is [ar]unclean. 15 For if because of food your brother or sister is hurt, you are no longer (CM)walking in accordance with love. (CN)Do not destroy with your choice of food that person for whom Christ died. 16 Therefore (CO)do not let what is for you a good thing be [as]spoken of as evil; 17 for the kingdom of God (CP)is not eating and drinking, but righteousness and (CQ)peace and (CR)joy in the Holy Spirit. 18 For the one who (CS)serves Christ in this way is (CT)acceptable to God and approved by other people. 19 So then we (CU)pursue the things [at]which make for peace and the (CV)building up of one another. 20 (CW)Do not tear down the work of God for the sake of food. (CX)All things indeed are clean, but (CY)they are evil for the person who eats [au]and causes offense. 21 (CZ)It is good not to eat meat or to drink wine, or to do anything by which your brother or sister stumbles. 22 The faith which you have, have [av]as your own conviction before God. Happy is the one who (DA)does not condemn himself in what he approves. 23 But (DB)the one who doubts is condemned if he eats, because his eating is not from faith; and whatever is not from faith is sin.

Self-denial in behalf of Others

15 Now we who are strong ought to bear the weaknesses of (DC)those without strength, and not just please ourselves. Each of us is to (DD)please his neighbor [aw]for his good, to his (DE)edification. For even (DF)Christ did not please Himself, but as it is written: “(DG)The taunts of those who taunt You have fallen on Me.” For (DH)whatever was written in earlier times was written for our instruction, so that through perseverance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. Now may the (DI)God [ax]who gives perseverance and encouragement grant you (DJ)to be of the same mind with one another, according to Christ Jesus, so that with one purpose and one [ay]voice you may glorify (DK)the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Therefore, [az](DL)accept one another, just as Christ also accepted [ba]us, for the glory of God. For I say that Christ has become a servant to (DM)the circumcision in behalf of the truth of God, to confirm (DN)the promises given to the fathers, and for (DO)the Gentiles to (DP)glorify God for His mercy; as it is written:

(DQ)Therefore I will [bb]give praise to You among the Gentiles,
And I will sing praises to Your name.”

10 Again he says,

(DR)Rejoice, you Gentiles, with His people.”

11 And again,

(DS)Praise the Lord all you Gentiles,
And let all the peoples praise Him.”

12 Again Isaiah says,

(DT)There shall come (DU)the root of Jesse,
And He who arises to rule over the Gentiles,
(DV)In Him will the Gentiles hope.”

13 Now may the God of hope fill you with all (DW)joy and peace in believing, so that you will abound in hope (DX)by the power of the Holy Spirit.

14 And concerning you, my brothers and sisters, I myself also am convinced that you yourselves are full of (DY)goodness, filled with (DZ)all knowledge and able also to admonish one another. 15 But I have written very boldly to you on some points so as to remind you again, because of (EA)the grace that was given to me [bc]from God, 16 to be (EB)a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles, ministering as a priest the (EC)gospel of God, so that my (ED)offering of the Gentiles may become acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit. 17 Therefore in Christ Jesus I have found (EE)reason for boasting in (EF)things pertaining to God. 18 (EG)For I will not presume to speak of anything [bd]except what (EH)Christ has accomplished through me, [be]resulting in the obedience of the Gentiles by word and deed, 19 in the power of [bf](EI)signs and wonders, (EJ)in the power of the Spirit; so that (EK)from Jerusalem and all around as (EL)far as Illyricum I have [bg]fully preached the gospel of Christ. 20 And in this way I aspired to (EM)preach the gospel, not where Christ was already known by name, (EN)so that I would not build on another person’s foundation; 21 but just as it is written:

(EO)They who have not been told about Him will see,
And they who have not heard will understand.”

22 For this reason (EP)I have often been prevented from coming to you; 23 but now, with no further place for me in these regions, and since I (EQ)have had for many years a longing to come to you 24 whenever I (ER)go to Spain—for I hope to see you in passing, and to be (ES)helped on my way there by you, when I have first (ET)enjoyed your company [bh]for a while— 25 but now, (EU)I am going to Jerusalem, (EV)serving the [bi]saints. 26 For (EW)Macedonia and (EX)Achaia have been pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the [bj]saints in Jerusalem. 27 For they were pleased to do so, and they are indebted to them. For (EY)if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they are indebted to do them a service also in material things. 28 Therefore, when I have finished this, and (EZ)have [bk]put my seal on this fruit of theirs, I will (FA)go on by way of you to Spain. 29 I know that when (FB)I come to you, I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ.

30 Now I urge you, brothers and sisters, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by (FC)the love of the Spirit, to (FD)strive together with me in your prayers to God for me, 31 that I may be (FE)rescued from those who are disobedient in Judea, and that my (FF)service for Jerusalem may prove acceptable to the [bl](FG)saints; 32 so that (FH)I may come to you in joy by (FI)the will of God and relax in your company. 33 Now (FJ)the God of peace be with you all. Amen.

Greetings and Love Expressed

16 I (FK)recommend to you our sister Phoebe, who is a [bm]servant of the church which is at (FL)Cenchrea, that you (FM)receive her in the Lord in a manner worthy of the [bn](FN)saints, and that you help her in whatever matter she may have need of you; for she herself has also been a helper of many, [bo]and of myself as well.

Greet (FO)Prisca and Aquila, my fellow workers (FP)in (FQ)Christ Jesus, who risked their own necks for my life, to whom not only do I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles; also greet (FR)the church that is in their house. Greet Epaenetus, my beloved, who is the (FS)first convert to Christ from [bp](FT)Asia. Greet Mary, who has worked hard for you. Greet Andronicus and [bq]Junia, my (FU)kinsfolk and my (FV)fellow prisoners, who are outstanding in the view of the apostles, who also [br]were (FW)in Christ before me. Greet Ampliatus, my beloved in the Lord. Greet Urbanus, our fellow worker (FX)in Christ, and Stachys my beloved. 10 Greet Apelles, the approved (FY)in Christ. Greet those who are of the household of Aristobulus. 11 Greet Herodion, my (FZ)kinsman. Greet those of the household of Narcissus, who are in the Lord. 12 Greet Tryphaena and Tryphosa, workers in the Lord. Greet Persis the beloved, who has worked hard in the Lord. 13 Greet (GA)Rufus, a choice man in the Lord, also his mother and mine. 14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers and sisters with them. 15 Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all (GB)the [bs]saints who are with them. 16 (GC)Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.

17 Now I urge you, brothers and sisters, keep your eye on those who cause dissensions and [bt]hindrances (GD)contrary to the teaching which you learned, and (GE)turn away from them. 18 For such people are (GF)slaves, not of our Lord Christ but of (GG)their own [bu]appetites; and by their (GH)smooth and flattering speech they deceive the hearts of the unsuspecting. 19 For the report of your obedience (GI)has reached everyone; therefore I am rejoicing over you, but (GJ)I want you to be wise in what is good, and innocent in what is evil. 20 (GK)The God of peace will soon crush (GL)Satan under your feet.

(GM)The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.

21 (GN)Timothy, my fellow worker, greets you, and so do (GO)Lucius, (GP)Jason, and (GQ)Sosipater, my (GR)kinsmen.

22 I, Tertius, who have (GS)written this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23 (GT)Gaius, host to me and to the whole church, greets you. (GU)Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, the brother.[bv]

25 (GV)Now to Him who is able to establish you (GW)according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of (GX)the mystery which has been kept secret for (GY)long ages past, 26 but now has been disclosed, and through (GZ)the Scriptures of the prophets, in accordance with the commandment of the eternal God, has been made known to all the nations, leading to (HA)obedience of faith; 27 to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, (HB)be the glory forever. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 12:1 Or pleasing
  2. Romans 12:1 I.e., in contrast to offering a literal sacrifice
  3. Romans 12:2 Or age
  4. Romans 12:2 Or discover
  5. Romans 12:2 Or pleasing
  6. Romans 12:4 Lit the parts
  7. Romans 12:6 Or in agreement with the faith
  8. Romans 12:7 Or office of service
  9. Romans 12:8 Or encourages
  10. Romans 12:8 Or encouragement
  11. Romans 12:8 Or sincere concern
  12. Romans 12:8 Or provides care
  13. Romans 12:9 Or Love has no
  14. Romans 12:10 Or outdo one another in showing honor
  15. Romans 12:13 Lit holy ones; i.e., God’s people
  16. Romans 12:13 Lit pursuing
  17. Romans 12:14 Two early mss do not contain you
  18. Romans 12:16 Or arrogant
  19. Romans 12:16 Or accommodate yourself to lowly things
  20. Romans 12:17 Lit Take thought for
  21. Romans 12:19 Lit give a place
  22. Romans 13:1 Or soul
  23. Romans 13:1 Lit by
  24. Romans 13:2 Lit the one who
  25. Romans 13:3 Lit good work
  26. Romans 13:7 I.e., for authority; lit fear
  27. Romans 13:7 I.e., for authority; lit fear
  28. Romans 13:8 Lit the other
  29. Romans 13:10 Lit works no evil
  30. Romans 13:11 Or our salvation is nearer than when
  31. Romans 13:13 Lit walk
  32. Romans 14:1 Or in the faith
  33. Romans 14:1 Lit for quarrels
  34. Romans 14:4 Or house servant
  35. Romans 14:4 Lit lord
  36. Romans 14:5 Lit judges
  37. Romans 14:5 Lit judges
  38. Romans 14:6 Lit eats
  39. Romans 14:11 Or confess
  40. Romans 14:13 Lit judge
  41. Romans 14:14 Lit through
  42. Romans 14:14 I.e., ceremonially unclean; lit common
  43. Romans 14:14 I.e., ceremonially unclean; lit common
  44. Romans 14:14 I.e., ceremonially unclean; lit common
  45. Romans 14:16 Lit blasphemed
  46. Romans 14:19 Lit of peace and the things of the building up
  47. Romans 14:20 Lit by offense
  48. Romans 14:22 Lit according to yourself
  49. Romans 15:2 Lit for what is good to edification
  50. Romans 15:5 Lit of perseverance
  51. Romans 15:6 Lit mouth
  52. Romans 15:7 I.e., accept into fellowship
  53. Romans 15:7 One early ms you
  54. Romans 15:9 Or confess
  55. Romans 15:15 One early ms by God
  56. Romans 15:18 Lit which Christ has not accomplished
  57. Romans 15:18 Lit to the obedience
  58. Romans 15:19 Or confirming miracles
  59. Romans 15:19 Lit fulfilled
  60. Romans 15:24 Lit in part
  61. Romans 15:25 Lit holy ones; i.e., God’s people
  62. Romans 15:26 See note v 25
  63. Romans 15:28 Lit sealed to them this fruit
  64. Romans 15:31 See note v 25
  65. Romans 16:1 Or deaconess
  66. Romans 16:2 Lit holy ones; i.e., God’s people
  67. Romans 16:2 Lit and of me, myself
  68. Romans 16:5 I.e., west coast province of Asia Minor
  69. Romans 16:7 Or possibly Junias (masc)
  70. Romans 16:7 Lit have become
  71. Romans 16:15 See note 1 v 2
  72. Romans 16:17 Lit occasions of stumbling
  73. Romans 16:18 Lit belly
  74. Romans 16:23 Late mss add as v 24: The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

A Living Sacrifice

12 Therefore, I urge you,(A) brothers and sisters, in view of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice,(B) holy and pleasing to God—this is your true and proper worship. Do not conform(C) to the pattern of this world,(D) but be transformed by the renewing of your mind.(E) Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is(F)—his good, pleasing(G) and perfect will.

Humble Service in the Body of Christ

For by the grace given me(H) I say to every one of you: Do not think of yourself more highly than you ought, but rather think of yourself with sober judgment, in accordance with the faith God has distributed to each of you. For just as each of us has one body with many members, and these members do not all have the same function,(I) so in Christ we, though many, form one body,(J) and each member belongs to all the others. We have different gifts,(K) according to the grace given to each of us. If your gift is prophesying,(L) then prophesy in accordance with your[a] faith;(M) if it is serving, then serve; if it is teaching, then teach;(N) if it is to encourage, then give encouragement;(O) if it is giving, then give generously;(P) if it is to lead,[b] do it diligently; if it is to show mercy, do it cheerfully.

Love in Action

Love must be sincere.(Q) Hate what is evil; cling to what is good.(R) 10 Be devoted to one another in love.(S) Honor one another above yourselves.(T) 11 Never be lacking in zeal, but keep your spiritual fervor,(U) serving the Lord. 12 Be joyful in hope,(V) patient in affliction,(W) faithful in prayer.(X) 13 Share with the Lord’s people who are in need.(Y) Practice hospitality.(Z)

14 Bless those who persecute you;(AA) bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice; mourn with those who mourn.(AB) 16 Live in harmony with one another.(AC) Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position.[c] Do not be conceited.(AD)

17 Do not repay anyone evil for evil.(AE) Be careful to do what is right in the eyes of everyone.(AF) 18 If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone.(AG) 19 Do not take revenge,(AH) my dear friends, but leave room for God’s wrath, for it is written: “It is mine to avenge; I will repay,”[d](AI) says the Lord. 20 On the contrary:

“If your enemy is hungry, feed him;
    if he is thirsty, give him something to drink.
In doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head.”[e](AJ)

21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

Submission to Governing Authorities

13 Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities,(AK) for there is no authority except that which God has established.(AL) The authorities that exist have been established by God. Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted,(AM) and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and you will be commended.(AN) For the one in authority is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for rulers do not bear the sword for no reason. They are God’s servants, agents of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer.(AO) Therefore, it is necessary to submit to the authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also as a matter of conscience.(AP)

This is also why you pay taxes,(AQ) for the authorities are God’s servants, who give their full time to governing. Give to everyone what you owe them: If you owe taxes, pay taxes;(AR) if revenue, then revenue; if respect, then respect; if honor, then honor.

Love Fulfills the Law

Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law.(AS) The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,”[f](AT) and whatever other command there may be, are summed up(AU) in this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”[g](AV) 10 Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.(AW)

The Day Is Near

11 And do this, understanding the present time: The hour has already come(AX) for you to wake up from your slumber,(AY) because our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed. 12 The night is nearly over; the day is almost here.(AZ) So let us put aside the deeds of darkness(BA) and put on the armor(BB) of light. 13 Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness,(BC) not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy.(BD) 14 Rather, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ,(BE) and do not think about how to gratify the desires of the flesh.[h](BF)

The Weak and the Strong

14 Accept the one whose faith is weak,(BG) without quarreling over disputable matters. One person’s faith allows them to eat anything, but another, whose faith is weak, eats only vegetables.(BH) The one who eats everything must not treat with contempt(BI) the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge(BJ) the one who does, for God has accepted them. Who are you to judge someone else’s servant?(BK) To their own master, servants stand or fall. And they will stand, for the Lord is able to make them stand.

One person considers one day more sacred than another;(BL) another considers every day alike. Each of them should be fully convinced in their own mind. Whoever regards one day as special does so to the Lord. Whoever eats meat does so to the Lord, for they give thanks to God;(BM) and whoever abstains does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God. For none of us lives for ourselves alone,(BN) and none of us dies for ourselves alone. If we live, we live for the Lord; and if we die, we die for the Lord. So, whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord.(BO) For this very reason, Christ died and returned to life(BP) so that he might be the Lord of both the dead and the living.(BQ)

10 You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister[i]? Or why do you treat them with contempt?(BR) For we will all stand before God’s judgment seat.(BS) 11 It is written:

“‘As surely as I live,’(BT) says the Lord,
‘every knee will bow before me;
    every tongue will acknowledge God.’”[j](BU)

12 So then, each of us will give an account of ourselves to God.(BV)

13 Therefore let us stop passing judgment(BW) on one another. Instead, make up your mind not to put any stumbling block or obstacle in the way of a brother or sister.(BX) 14 I am convinced, being fully persuaded in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean in itself.(BY) But if anyone regards something as unclean, then for that person it is unclean.(BZ) 15 If your brother or sister is distressed because of what you eat, you are no longer acting in love.(CA) Do not by your eating destroy someone for whom Christ died.(CB) 16 Therefore do not let what you know is good be spoken of as evil.(CC) 17 For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking,(CD) but of righteousness, peace(CE) and joy in the Holy Spirit,(CF) 18 because anyone who serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and receives human approval.(CG)

19 Let us therefore make every effort to do what leads to peace(CH) and to mutual edification.(CI) 20 Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food.(CJ) All food is clean,(CK) but it is wrong for a person to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble.(CL) 21 It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything else that will cause your brother or sister to fall.(CM)

22 So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn(CN) himself by what he approves. 23 But whoever has doubts(CO) is condemned if they eat, because their eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin.[k]

15 We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak(CP) and not to please ourselves. Each of us should please our neighbors for their good,(CQ) to build them up.(CR) For even Christ did not please himself(CS) but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.”[l](CT) For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us,(CU) so that through the endurance taught in the Scriptures and the encouragement they provide we might have hope.

May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you the same attitude of mind(CV) toward each other that Christ Jesus had, so that with one mind and one voice you may glorify(CW) the God and Father(CX) of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Accept one another,(CY) then, just as Christ accepted you, in order to bring praise to God. For I tell you that Christ has become a servant of the Jews[m](CZ) on behalf of God’s truth, so that the promises(DA) made to the patriarchs might be confirmed and, moreover, that the Gentiles(DB) might glorify God(DC) for his mercy. As it is written:

“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles;
    I will sing the praises of your name.”[n](DD)

10 Again, it says,

“Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people.”[o](DE)

11 And again,

“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles;
    let all the peoples extol him.”[p](DF)

12 And again, Isaiah says,

“The Root of Jesse(DG) will spring up,
    one who will arise to rule over the nations;
    in him the Gentiles will hope.”[q](DH)

13 May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace(DI) as you trust in him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.(DJ)

Paul the Minister to the Gentiles

14 I myself am convinced, my brothers and sisters, that you yourselves are full of goodness,(DK) filled with knowledge(DL) and competent to instruct one another. 15 Yet I have written you quite boldly on some points to remind you of them again, because of the grace God gave me(DM) 16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles.(DN) He gave me the priestly duty of proclaiming the gospel of God,(DO) so that the Gentiles might become an offering(DP) acceptable to God, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

17 Therefore I glory in Christ Jesus(DQ) in my service to God.(DR) 18 I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me in leading the Gentiles(DS) to obey God(DT) by what I have said and done— 19 by the power of signs and wonders,(DU) through the power of the Spirit of God.(DV) So from Jerusalem(DW) all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ.(DX) 20 It has always been my ambition to preach the gospel(DY) where Christ was not known, so that I would not be building on someone else’s foundation.(DZ) 21 Rather, as it is written:

“Those who were not told about him will see,
    and those who have not heard will understand.”[r](EA)

22 This is why I have often been hindered from coming to you.(EB)

Paul’s Plan to Visit Rome

23 But now that there is no more place for me to work in these regions, and since I have been longing for many years to visit you,(EC) 24 I plan to do so when I go to Spain.(ED) I hope to see you while passing through and to have you assist(EE) me on my journey there, after I have enjoyed your company for a while. 25 Now, however, I am on my way to Jerusalem(EF) in the service(EG) of the Lord’s people(EH) there. 26 For Macedonia(EI) and Achaia(EJ) were pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the Lord’s people in Jerusalem.(EK) 27 They were pleased to do it, and indeed they owe it to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in the Jews’ spiritual blessings, they owe it to the Jews to share with them their material blessings.(EL) 28 So after I have completed this task and have made sure that they have received this contribution, I will go to Spain(EM) and visit you on the way. 29 I know that when I come to you,(EN) I will come in the full measure of the blessing of Christ.

30 I urge you, brothers and sisters, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit,(EO) to join me in my struggle by praying to God for me.(EP) 31 Pray that I may be kept safe(EQ) from the unbelievers in Judea and that the contribution(ER) I take to Jerusalem may be favorably received by the Lord’s people(ES) there, 32 so that I may come to you(ET) with joy, by God’s will,(EU) and in your company be refreshed.(EV) 33 The God of peace(EW) be with you all. Amen.

Personal Greetings

16 I commend(EX) to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon[s][t] of the church in Cenchreae.(EY) I ask you to receive her in the Lord(EZ) in a way worthy of his people(FA) and to give her any help she may need from you, for she has been the benefactor of many people, including me.

Greet Priscilla[u] and Aquila,(FB) my co-workers(FC) in Christ Jesus.(FD) They risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Gentiles are grateful to them.

Greet also the church that meets at their house.(FE)

Greet my dear friend Epenetus, who was the first convert(FF) to Christ in the province of Asia.(FG)

Greet Mary, who worked very hard for you.

Greet Andronicus and Junia, my fellow Jews(FH) who have been in prison with me.(FI) They are outstanding among[v] the apostles, and they were in Christ(FJ) before I was.

Greet Ampliatus, my dear friend in the Lord.

Greet Urbanus, our co-worker in Christ,(FK) and my dear friend Stachys.

10 Greet Apelles, whose fidelity to Christ has stood the test.(FL)

Greet those who belong to the household(FM) of Aristobulus.

11 Greet Herodion, my fellow Jew.(FN)

Greet those in the household(FO) of Narcissus who are in the Lord.

12 Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, those women who work hard in the Lord.

Greet my dear friend Persis, another woman who has worked very hard in the Lord.

13 Greet Rufus,(FP) chosen(FQ) in the Lord, and his mother, who has been a mother to me, too.

14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas and the other brothers and sisters with them.

15 Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas and all the Lord’s people(FR) who are with them.(FS)

16 Greet one another with a holy kiss.(FT)

All the churches of Christ send greetings.

17 I urge you, brothers and sisters, to watch out for those who cause divisions and put obstacles in your way that are contrary to the teaching you have learned.(FU) Keep away from them.(FV) 18 For such people are not serving our Lord Christ,(FW) but their own appetites.(FX) By smooth talk and flattery they deceive(FY) the minds of naive people. 19 Everyone has heard(FZ) about your obedience, so I rejoice because of you; but I want you to be wise about what is good, and innocent about what is evil.(GA)

20 The God of peace(GB) will soon crush(GC) Satan(GD) under your feet.

The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.(GE)

21 Timothy,(GF) my co-worker, sends his greetings to you, as do Lucius,(GG) Jason(GH) and Sosipater, my fellow Jews.(GI)

22 I, Tertius, who wrote down this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23 Gaius,(GJ) whose hospitality I and the whole church here enjoy, sends you his greetings.

Erastus,(GK) who is the city’s director of public works, and our brother Quartus send you their greetings. [24] [w]

25 Now to him who is able(GL) to establish you in accordance with my gospel,(GM) the message I proclaim about Jesus Christ, in keeping with the revelation of the mystery(GN) hidden for long ages past, 26 but now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings(GO) by the command of the eternal God, so that all the Gentiles might come to the obedience that comes from[x] faith(GP) 27 to the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen.(GQ)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 12:6 Or the
  2. Romans 12:8 Or to provide for others
  3. Romans 12:16 Or willing to do menial work
  4. Romans 12:19 Deut. 32:35
  5. Romans 12:20 Prov. 25:21,22
  6. Romans 13:9 Exodus 20:13-15,17; Deut. 5:17-19,21
  7. Romans 13:9 Lev. 19:18
  8. Romans 13:14 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
  9. Romans 14:10 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family; also in verses 13, 15 and 21.
  10. Romans 14:11 Isaiah 45:23
  11. Romans 14:23 Some manuscripts place 16:25-27 here; others after 15:33.
  12. Romans 15:3 Psalm 69:9
  13. Romans 15:8 Greek circumcision
  14. Romans 15:9 2 Samuel 22:50; Psalm 18:49
  15. Romans 15:10 Deut. 32:43
  16. Romans 15:11 Psalm 117:1
  17. Romans 15:12 Isaiah 11:10 (see Septuagint)
  18. Romans 15:21 Isaiah 52:15 (see Septuagint)
  19. Romans 16:1 Or servant
  20. Romans 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. 1:1 and 1 Tim. 3:8,12.
  21. Romans 16:3 Greek Prisca, a variant of Priscilla
  22. Romans 16:7 Or are esteemed by
  23. Romans 16:24 Some manuscripts include here May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you. Amen.
  24. Romans 16:26 Or that is