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The word of Jehovah that came unto Hosea the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel.

When Jehovah spake at the first [a]by Hosea, Jehovah said unto Hosea, Go, take unto thee a wife of whoredom and children of whoredom; for the land doth commit great whoredom, departing from Jehovah. So he went and took Gomer the daughter of Diblaim; and she conceived, and bare him a son. And Jehovah said unto him, Call his name Jezreel; for yet a little while, and I will [b]avenge the blood of Jezreel upon the house of Jehu, and will cause the kingdom of the house of Israel to cease. And it shall come to pass at that day, that I will break the bow of Israel in the valley of Jezreel. And she conceived again, and bare a daughter. And Jehovah said unto him, Call her name [c]Lo-ruhamah; for I will no more have mercy upon the house of Israel, that I should in any wise pardon them. But I will have mercy upon the house of Judah, and will save them by Jehovah their God, and will not save them by bow, nor by sword, nor by battle, by horses, nor by horsemen. Now when she had weaned Lo-ruhamah, she conceived, and bare a son. And Jehovah said, Call his name [d]Lo-ammi; for ye are not my people, and I will not be [e]your God.

10 Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass that, [f]in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God. 11 And the children of Judah and the children of Israel shall be gathered together, and they shall appoint themselves one head, and shall go up from the land; for great shall be the day of Jezreel.

Say ye unto your brethren, [g]Ammi; and to your sisters, [h]Ruhamah.

Contend with your mother, contend; for she is not my wife, neither am I her husband; and let her put away her whoredoms from her face, and her adulteries from between her breasts; lest I strip her naked, and set her as in the day that she was born, and make her as a wilderness, and set her like a dry land, and slay her with thirst. Yea, upon her children will I have no mercy; for they are children of whoredom; for their mother hath played the harlot; she that conceived them hath done shamefully; for she said, I will go after my lovers, that give me my bread and my water, my wool and my flax, mine oil and my [i]drink. Therefore, behold, I will hedge up thy way with thorns, and I will build a wall against her, that she shall not find her paths. And she shall follow after her lovers, but she shall not overtake them; and she shall seek them, but shall not find them: then shall she say, I will go and return to my first husband; for then was it better with me than now.

For she did not know that I gave her the grain, and the new wine, and the oil, and multiplied unto her silver and gold, which they [j]used for Baal. Therefore will I [k]take back my grain in the time thereof, and my new wine in the season thereof, and will pluck away my wool and my flax which should have covered her nakedness. 10 And now will I uncover her [l]lewdness in the sight of her lovers, and none shall deliver her out of my hand. 11 I will also cause all her mirth to cease, her feasts, her new moons, and her sabbaths, and all her [m]solemn assemblies. 12 And I will lay waste her vines and her fig-trees, whereof she hath said, These are my hire that my lovers have given me; and I will make them a forest, and the beasts of the field shall eat them. 13 And I will visit upon her the days of the Baalim, [n]unto which she burned incense, when she decked herself with her [o]ear-rings and her jewels, and went after her lovers, and forgat me, saith Jehovah.

14 Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak [p]comfortably unto her. 15 And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of [q]Achor for a door of hope; and she shall [r]make answer there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt. 16 And it shall be at that day, saith Jehovah, that thou shalt call me [s]Ishi, and shalt call me no more [t]Baali. 17 For I will take away the names of the Baalim out of her mouth, and they shall no more be [u]mentioned by their name. 18 And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field, and with the birds of the heavens, and with the creeping things of the ground: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the land, and will make them to lie down safely. 19 And I will betroth thee unto me for ever; yea, I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in justice, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies. 20 I will even betroth thee unto me in faithfulness; and thou shalt know Jehovah.

21 And it shall come to pass in that day, I will answer, saith Jehovah, I will answer the heavens, and they shall answer the earth; 22 and the earth shall answer the grain, and the new wine, and the oil; and they shall answer [v]Jezreel. 23 And I will sow her unto me in the [w]earth; and I will have mercy upon [x]her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to [y]them that were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God.

And Jehovah said unto me, Go again, love a woman beloved [z]of her friend, and an adulteress, even as Jehovah loveth the children of Israel, though they turn unto other gods, and [aa]love cakes of raisins. So I bought her to me for fifteen pieces of silver, and a homer of barley, and a [ab]half-homer of barley; and I said unto her, Thou shalt abide for me many days; thou shalt not play the harlot, and thou shalt not be any man’s wife: so will I also be toward thee. For the children of Israel shall abide many days without king, and without prince, and without sacrifice, and without [ac]pillar, and without ephod or teraphim: afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek Jehovah their God, and David their king, and shall come with fear unto Jehovah and to his goodness in the latter days.

Hear the word of Jehovah, ye children of Israel; for Jehovah hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because there is no truth, nor goodness, nor knowledge of God in the land. There is nought but swearing and breaking faith, and killing, and stealing, and committing adultery; they break out, and blood toucheth blood. Therefore shall the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein shall languish, with the beasts of the field and the birds of the heavens; yea, the fishes of the sea also shall be taken away. Yet let no man strive, neither let any man reprove; for thy people are as they that strive with the priest. And thou shalt stumble in the day, and the prophet also shall stumble with thee in the night; and I will destroy thy mother.

My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because thou hast rejected knowledge, [ad]I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I also will forget thy children. As they were multiplied, so they sinned against me: I will change their glory into shame. They feed on the sin of my people, and set their heart on their iniquity. And it shall be, like people, like priest; and I will punish them for their ways, and will requite them their doings. 10 And they shall eat, and not have enough; they shall play the harlot, and shall not increase; because they have left off taking heed to Jehovah.

11 Whoredom and wine and new wine take away the [ae]understanding. 12 My people ask counsel at their stock, and their staff declareth unto them; for the spirit of whoredom hath caused them to err, and they have played the harlot, departing from under their God. 13 They sacrifice upon the tops of the mountains, and burn incense upon the hills, under oaks and poplars and terebinths, because the shadow thereof is good: therefore your daughters play the harlot, and your brides commit adultery. 14 I will not punish your daughters when they play the harlot, nor your [af]brides when they commit adultery; for the men themselves go apart with harlots, and they sacrifice with the prostitutes; and the people that doth not understand shall be overthrown.

15 Though thou, Israel, play the harlot, yet let not Judah [ag]offend; and come not ye unto Gilgal, neither go ye up to Beth-aven, nor swear, As Jehovah liveth. 16 For Israel hath behaved himself stubbornly, like a stubborn heifer: now will Jehovah feed them as a lamb in a large place. 17 Ephraim is joined to idols; let him alone. 18 [ah]Their drink is become sour; they play the harlot continually; [ai]her [aj]rulers dearly love shame. 19 The wind hath wrapped her up in its [ak]wings; and [al]they shall be put to shame because of their sacrifices.

Hear this, O ye priests, and hearken, O house of Israel, and give ear, O house of the king; for [am]unto you pertaineth the judgment; for ye have been a snare at Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor. And the revolters are gone deep [an]in making slaughter; but I am a [ao]rebuker of them all. I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me; for now, O Ephraim, thou hast played the harlot, Israel is defiled. [ap]Their doings will not suffer them to turn unto their God; for the spirit of whoredom is [aq]within them, and they know not Jehovah. And the [ar]pride of Israel doth testify to his face: therefore Israel and Ephraim shall stumble in their iniquity; Judah also shall stumble with them. They shall go with their flocks and with their herds to seek Jehovah; but they shall not find him: he hath withdrawn himself from them. They have dealt treacherously against Jehovah; for they have [as]borne strange children: now shall [at]the new moon devour them with their [au]fields.

Blow ye the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah: sound an alarm at Beth-aven; [av]behind thee, O Benjamin. Ephraim shall become a desolation in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be. 10 The princes of Judah are like them that remove the landmark: I will pour out my wrath upon them like water. 11 Ephraim is oppressed, he is crushed in judgment; because he was content to walk after man’s command. 12 [aw]Therefore am I unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness. 13 When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to Assyria, and sent to [ax]king Jareb: but he is not able to heal you, neither will he cure you of your wound. 14 For I will be unto Ephraim as a lion, and as a young lion to the house of Judah: I, even I, will tear and go away; I will carry off, and there shall be none to deliver. 15 I will go and return to my place, till they [ay]acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me [az]earnestly.

Come, and let us return unto Jehovah; for he hath torn, and he will heal us; he hath smitten, and he will bind us up. After two days will he revive us: on the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live before him. And let us know, let us follow on to know Jehovah: his going forth is sure as the morning; and he will come unto us as the rain, as the latter rain that watereth the earth.

O Ephraim, what shall I do unto thee? O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your [ba]goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the dew that goeth early away. Therefore have I hewed them by the prophets; I have slain them by the words of my mouth: and [bb]thy judgments are as the light that goeth forth. For I desire [bc]goodness, and not sacrifice; and the knowledge of God more than burnt-offerings. But they [bd]like [be]Adam have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me. Gilead is a city of them that work iniquity; it is stained with blood. [bf]And as troops of robbers wait for a man, so the company of priests murder in the way toward Shechem; yea, they have committed lewdness. 10 In the house of Israel I have seen a horrible thing: there whoredom is found in Ephraim, Israel is defiled. 11 Also, O Judah, there is a harvest appointed for thee, when I [bg]bring back the captivity of my people.

When I would heal Israel, then is the iniquity of Ephraim uncovered, and the wickedness of Samaria; for they commit falsehood, and the thief entereth in, and the troop of robbers [bh]ravageth without. And they consider not in their hearts that I remember all their wickedness: now have their own doings beset them about; they are before my face. They make the king glad with their wickedness, and the princes with their lies. They are all adulterers; they are as an oven heated by the baker; he ceaseth to stir the fire, from the kneading of the dough, until it be leavened. On the day of our king the princes made [bi]themselves sick with the heat of wine; he stretched out his hand with scoffers. For they have [bj]made ready their heart like an oven, while they lie in wait: their baker sleepeth all the night; in the morning it burneth as a flaming fire. They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges; all their kings are fallen: there is none among them that calleth unto me.

Ephraim, he mixeth himself among the peoples; Ephraim is a cake not turned. Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth it not: yea, gray hairs are [bk]here and there upon him, and he knoweth it not. 10 And the [bl]pride of Israel doth testify to his face: yet they have not returned unto Jehovah their God, nor sought him, for all this. 11 And Ephraim is like a silly dove, without [bm]understanding: they call unto Egypt, they go to Assyria. 12 When they shall go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down as the birds of the heavens; I will chastise them, [bn]as their congregation hath heard. 13 Woe unto them! for they have wandered from me; destruction unto them! for they have trespassed against me: though I would redeem them, yet they have spoken lies against me. 14 And they have not cried unto me with their heart, but they howl upon their beds: they assemble themselves for grain and new wine; they rebel against me. 15 Though I have [bo]taught and strengthened their arms, yet do they devise mischief against me. 16 They return, but not to him that is on high; they are like a deceitful bow; their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue: this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt.

[bp]Set the trumpet to thy mouth. As an eagle he cometh against the house of Jehovah, because they have transgressed my covenant, and trespassed against my law. They shall cry unto me, My God, we Israel know thee. Israel hath cast off that which is good: the enemy shall pursue him. They have set up kings, but not by me; [bq]they have made princes, and I knew it not: of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that they may be cut off. He hath cast off thy calf, O Samaria; mine anger is kindled against them: how long will it be ere they attain to innocency? For from Israel is even this; the workman made it, and it is no God; yea, the calf of Samaria shall be broken in pieces. For they sow the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind: [br]he hath no standing grain; the blade shall yield no meal; if so be it yield, strangers shall swallow it up.

Israel is swallowed up: now are they among the nations as a vessel wherein none delighteth. For they are gone up to Assyria, like a wild ass alone by himself: Ephraim hath hired [bs]lovers. 10 Yea, though they hire among the nations, now will I gather them; and they [bt]begin to be diminished by reason of the burden of the king of princes.

11 Because Ephraim hath multiplied altars for sinning, altars have been unto him for sinning. 12 I wrote for him the ten thousand things of my law; but they are counted as a strange thing. 13 As for the sacrifices of mine offerings, they sacrifice flesh and eat it; but Jehovah accepteth them not: now will he remember their iniquity, and visit their sins; they shall return to Egypt. 14 For Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and builded [bu]palaces; and Judah hath multiplied fortified cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the [bv]castles thereof.

Rejoice not, O Israel, [bw]for joy, like the peoples; [bx]for thou hast played the harlot, departing from thy God; thou hast loved hire upon every grain-floor. The threshing-floor and the winepress shall not feed them, and the new wine shall fail her. They shall not dwell in Jehovah’s land; but Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and they shall eat unclean food in Assyria. They shall not pour out wine-offerings to Jehovah, [by]neither shall they be pleasing unto him: their sacrifices shall be unto them as the bread of mourners; all that eat thereof shall be polluted; for their bread shall be for their appetite; it shall not come into the house of Jehovah. What will ye do in the day of solemn assembly, and in the day of the feast of Jehovah? For, lo, they are gone away from destruction; yet Egypt shall gather them up, Memphis shall bury them; their pleasant things of silver, nettles shall possess them; thorns shall be in their tents. The days of visitation are come, the days of recompense are come; Israel shall know it: the prophet is a fool, the man that hath the spirit is mad, for the abundance of thine iniquity, and because the enmity is great. Ephraim [bz]was a watchman with my God: as for the prophet, a fowler’s snare is in all his ways, and enmity in the house of his God. They have deeply corrupted themselves, as in the days of Gibeah: he will remember their iniquity, he will visit their sins.

10 I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first-ripe in the fig-tree at its first season: but they came to Baal-peor, and [ca]consecrated themselves unto the [cb]shameful thing, and became abominable like that which they loved. 11 As for Ephraim, their glory shall fly away like a bird: there shall be no birth, and none with child, and no conception. 12 Though they bring up their children, yet will I bereave them, so that not a man shall be left: yea, woe also to them when I depart from them! 13 Ephraim, [cc]like as I have seen Tyre, is planted in a pleasant place: but Ephraim shall bring out his children to the slayer. 14 Give them, O Jehovah—what wilt thou give? give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts. 15 All their wickedness is in Gilgal; for there I hated them: because of the wickedness of their doings I will drive them out of my house; I will love them no more; all their princes are revolters. 16 Ephraim is smitten, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit: yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay the beloved fruit of their womb. 17 My God will cast them away, because they did not hearken unto him; and they shall be wanderers among the nations.

10 Israel is a luxuriant vine, that putteth forth his fruit: according to the abundance of his fruit he hath multiplied his altars; according to the [cd]goodness of their land they have made goodly [ce]pillars. [cf]Their heart is [cg]divided; now shall they be found guilty: he will smite their altars, he will destroy their [ch]pillars. Surely now shall they say, We have no king; for we fear not Jehovah; and the king, what can he do for us?

They speak vain words, [ci]swearing falsely in making covenants: therefore judgment [cj]springeth up as [ck]hemlock in the furrows of the field. The inhabitants of Samaria shall be in terror for the calves of Beth-aven; for the people thereof shall mourn over it, and [cl]the priests thereof that rejoiced over it, for the glory thereof, because it is departed from it. It also shall be carried unto Assyria for a present to king Jareb: Ephraim shall receive shame, and Israel shall be ashamed of his own counsel. [cm]As for Samaria, her king is cut off, as [cn]foam upon the water. The high places also of Aven, the sin of Israel, shall be destroyed: the thorn and the thistle shall come up on their altars; and they shall say to the mountains, Cover us; and to the hills, Fall on us. O Israel, thou hast sinned [co]from the days of Gibeah: [cp]there they stood; [cq]the battle against the children of iniquity doth not overtake them in Gibeah.

10 When it is my desire, I will chastise them; and the peoples shall be gathered against them, when they are [cr]bound [cs]to their two transgressions. 11 And Ephraim is a heifer that is taught, that loveth to tread out the grain; but I have passed over upon her fair neck: I will set a rider on Ephraim; Judah shall plow, Jacob shall break his clods.

12 Sow to yourselves in righteousness, reap according to kindness; break up your fallow ground; for it is time to seek Jehovah, till he come and [ct]rain righteousness upon you. 13 Ye have plowed wickedness, ye have reaped iniquity; ye have eaten the fruit of [cu]lies; for thou didst trust in thy way, in the multitude of thy mighty men. 14 Therefore shall a tumult arise [cv]among thy [cw]people, and all thy fortresses shall be destroyed, as Shalman destroyed Beth-arbel in the day of battle: the mother was dashed in pieces with her children. 15 [cx]So shall Beth-el do unto you because of your great wickedness: at daybreak shall the king of Israel be utterly cut off.

11 When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt. The more the prophets called them, the more they went from them: they sacrificed unto the Baalim, and burned incense to graven images. Yet I taught Ephraim to walk; [cy]I took them on my arms; but they knew not that I healed them. I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love; and I was to them as they that lift up the yoke on their jaws; and I laid food before them.

They shall not return into the land of Egypt; but the Assyrian shall be their king, because they refused to return to me. And the sword shall [cz]fall upon their cities, and shall consume their bars, and devour them, because of their own counsels. And my people are bent on backsliding from me: though they call them to him that is on high, none at all will [da]exalt him.

How shall I give thee up, Ephraim? how shall I cast thee off, Israel? how shall I make thee as Admah? how shall I set thee as Zeboiim? my heart is turned within me, my compassions are kindled together. I will not execute the fierceness of mine anger, I will not return to destroy Ephraim: for I am God, and not man; the Holy One in the midst of thee; and I will not [db]come in wrath. 10 They shall walk after Jehovah, who will roar like a lion; for he will roar, and the children shall come trembling from the west. 11 They shall come trembling as a bird out of Egypt, and as a dove out of the land of Assyria; and I will make them to dwell in their houses, saith Jehovah.

12 Ephraim compasseth me about with falsehood, and the house of Israel with deceit; [dc]but Judah yet ruleth with God, and is faithful with the Holy One. 12 Ephraim feedeth on wind, and followeth after the east wind: he continually multiplieth lies and desolation; and they make a covenant with Assyria, and oil is carried into Egypt. Jehovah hath also a controversy with Judah, and will [dd]punish Jacob according to his ways; according to his doings will he recompense him. In the womb he took his brother by the heel; and in his [de]manhood he [df]had power with God: yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed; he wept, and made supplication unto him: he found him at Beth-el, and there he spake with us, [dg]even Jehovah, the God of hosts; Jehovah is his memorial name. Therefore turn thou to thy God: keep kindness and justice, and wait for thy God continually.

[dh]He is [di]a trafficker, the balances of deceit are in his hand: he loveth to [dj]oppress. And Ephraim said, Surely I am become rich, I have found me wealth: in all my labors they shall find in me no iniquity that were sin. But I am Jehovah thy God from the land of Egypt; I will yet again make thee to dwell in tents, as in the days of the solemn feast. 10 I have also spoken unto the prophets, and I have multiplied visions; and [dk]by the ministry of the prophets have I used similitudes. 11 Is Gilead iniquity? they are altogether false; in Gilgal they sacrifice bullocks; yea, their altars [dl]are as heaps in the furrows of the field. 12 And Jacob fled into the field of Aram, and Israel served for a wife, and for a wife he kept sheep. 13 And by a prophet Jehovah brought Israel up out of Egypt, and by a prophet was he [dm]preserved. 14 Ephraim hath provoked to anger most bitterly: therefore shall his blood be left upon him, and his reproach shall his Lord return unto him.

13 When Ephraim [dn]spake, there was trembling; he exalted himself in Israel; but when he [do]offended in Baal, he died. And now they sin more and more, and have made them molten images of their silver, even idols according to their own understanding, all of them the work of the craftsmen: they say of them, Let [dp]the men that sacrifice kiss the calves. Therefore they shall be as the morning cloud, and as the dew that passeth early away, as the chaff that is driven with the whirlwind out of the threshing-floor, and as the smoke out of the chimney.

Yet I am Jehovah thy God from the land of Egypt; and thou [dq]shalt know no god but me, and besides me there is no saviour. I did know thee in the wilderness, in the land of great drought. According to their pasture, so were they filled; they were filled, and their heart was exalted: therefore have they forgotten me. Therefore am I unto them as a lion; as a leopard will I watch by the way; I will meet them as a bear that is bereaved of her whelps, and will rend the caul of their heart; and there will I devour them like a lioness; the wild beast shall tear them.

[dr]It is thy destruction, O Israel, [ds]that thou art against me, against thy help. 10 Where now is thy king, that he may save thee in all thy cities? and thy judges, of whom thou saidst, Give me a king and princes? 11 I have given thee a king in mine anger, and have taken him away in my wrath. 12 The iniquity of Ephraim is bound up; his sin is laid up in store. 13 The sorrows of a travailing woman shall come upon him: he is an unwise son; [dt]for it is time he should not tarry in the place of the breaking forth of children. 14 I will ransom them from the [du]power of Sheol; I will redeem them from death: O death, [dv]where are thy plagues? O Sheol, [dw]where is thy destruction? repentance shall be hid from mine eyes.

15 Though he be fruitful among his brethren, an east wind shall come, the [dx]breath of Jehovah coming up from the wilderness; and his spring shall become dry, and his fountain shall be dried up: [dy]he shall make spoil of the treasure of all goodly vessels. 16 Samaria shall [dz]bear her guilt; for she hath rebelled against her God: they shall fall by the sword; their infants shall be dashed in pieces, and their women with child shall be ripped up.

14 O Israel, return unto Jehovah thy God; for thou hast fallen by thine iniquity. Take with you words, and return unto Jehovah: say unto him, Take away all iniquity, and [ea]accept that which is good: so will we render as bullocks the offering of our lips. Assyria shall not save us; we will not ride upon horses; neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, Ye are our gods; for in thee the fatherless findeth mercy.

I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely; for mine anger is turned away from him. I will be as the dew unto Israel; he shall blossom as the lily, and cast forth his roots as Lebanon. His branches shall spread, and his beauty shall be as the olive-tree, and his smell as Lebanon. They that dwell under his shadow shall return; they shall revive as the grain, and blossom as the vine: [eb]the scent thereof shall be as the wine of Lebanon. [ec]Ephraim shall say, What have I to do any more with idols? I have answered, and will regard him: I am like a green fir-tree; from me is thy fruit found. Who is wise, that he may understand these things? prudent, that he may know them? for the ways of Jehovah are right, and the just shall walk in them; but transgressors shall fall therein.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 1:2 Or, with
  2. Hosea 1:4 Hebrew visit.
  3. Hosea 1:6 That is, That hath not obtained mercy.
  4. Hosea 1:9 That is, Not my people.
  5. Hosea 1:9 Hebrew for you.
  6. Hosea 1:10 Or, instead of that which was said
  7. Hosea 2:1 That is, My people.
  8. Hosea 2:1 That is, That hath obtained mercy.
  9. Hosea 2:5 Hebrew drinks.
  10. Hosea 2:8 Or, made into the image of Baal
  11. Hosea 2:9 Or, return, and take away
  12. Hosea 2:10 Or, shame
  13. Hosea 2:11 Or, appointed feasts
  14. Hosea 2:13 Or, wherein she burned incense to them
  15. Hosea 2:13 Or, nose-rings
  16. Hosea 2:14 Hebrew to her heart.
  17. Hosea 2:15 That is, Troubling.
  18. Hosea 2:15 Or, sing
  19. Hosea 2:16 That is, My husband.
  20. Hosea 2:16 That is, My master.
  21. Hosea 2:17 Or, remembered
  22. Hosea 2:22 That is, Whom God soweth.
  23. Hosea 2:23 Or, land
  24. Hosea 2:23 Hebrew Lo-ruhamah. See 1:6.
  25. Hosea 2:23 Hebrew Lo-ammi. See 1:9, 10.
  26. Hosea 3:1 Or, of her husband, yet an etc.
  27. Hosea 3:1 Or, them that love
  28. Hosea 3:2 Hebrew lethech.
  29. Hosea 3:4 Or, obelisk
  30. Hosea 4:6 According to another reading, I have rejected
  31. Hosea 4:11 Hebrew heart.
  32. Hosea 4:14 Or, daughters-in-law
  33. Hosea 4:15 Or, become guilty
  34. Hosea 4:18 Or, Their carouse is over
  35. Hosea 4:18 Or, they are given up to love; her rulers are a shame
  36. Hosea 4:18 Hebrew shields.
  37. Hosea 4:19 Or, skirts
  38. Hosea 4:19 Or, as otherwise read, their altars shall be put to shame
  39. Hosea 5:1 Or, against you is the judgment
  40. Hosea 5:2 Or, in corruption
  41. Hosea 5:2 Hebrew rebuke.
  42. Hosea 5:4 Or, They will not frame their doings
  43. Hosea 5:4 Or, in the midst of
  44. Hosea 5:5 Or, excellency
  45. Hosea 5:7 Or, begotten
  46. Hosea 5:7 Or, a month
  47. Hosea 5:7 Hebrew portions.
  48. Hosea 5:8 Or, After thee, Benjamin!
  49. Hosea 5:12 Or, And I was
  50. Hosea 5:13 Or, a king that should contend
  51. Hosea 5:15 Or, have borne their guilt
  52. Hosea 5:15 Or, earnestly, saying
  53. Hosea 6:4 Or, kindness
  54. Hosea 6:5 Or, according to another reading, my
  55. Hosea 6:6 Or, kindness
  56. Hosea 6:7 Or, are as men that have transgressed a covenant
  57. Hosea 6:7 Or, men
  58. Hosea 6:9 Or, And as robbers lying in wait, so etc.
  59. Hosea 6:11 Or, return to
  60. Hosea 7:1 Or, maketh a raid
  61. Hosea 7:5 Or, him
  62. Hosea 7:6 Hebrew brought near.
  63. Hosea 7:9 Hebrew sprinkled.
  64. Hosea 7:10 Or, excellency
  65. Hosea 7:11 Hebrew heart.
  66. Hosea 7:12 Or, when the report cometh to their congregation
  67. Hosea 7:15 Or, chastened them
  68. Hosea 8:1 Or, The trumpet to thy mouth! As an eagle against the house of Jehovah!
  69. Hosea 8:4 Or, they have removed them
  70. Hosea 8:7 Or, it hath no stalk
  71. Hosea 8:9 Hebrew loves.
  72. Hosea 8:10 Or, as otherwise read, shall sorrow a little (or for a little while)
  73. Hosea 8:14 Or, temples
  74. Hosea 8:14 Or, palaces
  75. Hosea 9:1 Or, unto exultation
  76. Hosea 9:1 Or, that
  77. Hosea 9:4 Or, neither shall their sacrifices be pleasing unto him: their bread shall be unto them etc.
  78. Hosea 9:8 Or, watcheth against
  79. Hosea 9:10 Or, separated
  80. Hosea 9:10 Hebrew shame.
  81. Hosea 9:13 Or, as I have seen, is like Tyre, that is planted etc.
  82. Hosea 10:1 Or, prosperity
  83. Hosea 10:1 Or, obelisks
  84. Hosea 10:2 Or, He hath divided their heart
  85. Hosea 10:2 Or, smooth
  86. Hosea 10:2 Or, obelisks
  87. Hosea 10:4 Or, they swear falsely, they make covenants
  88. Hosea 10:4 Or, shall spring up
  89. Hosea 10:4 Hebrew rosh. See Dt. 29:18.
  90. Hosea 10:5 Hebrew Chemarim. See 2 Kin. 23:5.
  91. Hosea 10:7 Or, Samaria is cut off with her king
  92. Hosea 10:7 Or, twigs
  93. Hosea 10:9 Or, more than in the days
  94. Hosea 10:9 Or, there have they continued
  95. Hosea 10:9 Or, shall not the battle . . . Gibeah?
  96. Hosea 10:10 Or, yoked
  97. Hosea 10:10 Or, for
  98. Hosea 10:12 Or, teach you righteousness
  99. Hosea 10:13 Or, faithlessness
  100. Hosea 10:14 Or, against
  101. Hosea 10:14 Hebrew peoples.
  102. Hosea 10:15 Or, So shall it be done unto you at Beth-el
  103. Hosea 11:3 Hebrew he took them on his arms.
  104. Hosea 11:6 Or, rage against
  105. Hosea 11:7 Or, lift himself up
  106. Hosea 11:9 Or, enter into the city
  107. Hosea 11:12 Or, and Judah is yet unstedfast with God, and with the Holy One who is faithful
  108. Hosea 12:2 Hebrew visit upon.
  109. Hosea 12:3 Or, strength
  110. Hosea 12:3 Or, strove
  111. Hosea 12:5 Or, for Jehovah is the God of hosts
  112. Hosea 12:7 Or, As for Canaan, the etc.
  113. Hosea 12:7 Or, a Canaanite. Hebrew Canaan.
  114. Hosea 12:7 Or, defraud
  115. Hosea 12:10 Hebrew by the hand.
  116. Hosea 12:11 Or, shall be
  117. Hosea 12:13 Or, kept
  118. Hosea 13:1 Or, spake with trembling etc.
  119. Hosea 13:1 Or, became guilty
  120. Hosea 13:2 Or, the sacrificers of men
  121. Hosea 13:4 Or, knowest
  122. Hosea 13:9 Or, Thou art destroyed, O Israel; for thou etc.
  123. Hosea 13:9 Or, for in me, in thy help—Or, but in me is thy help
  124. Hosea 13:13 Or, when it is time, he standeth not in etc.
  125. Hosea 13:14 Hebrew hand.
  126. Hosea 13:14 Or, I will be
  127. Hosea 13:14 Or, I will be
  128. Hosea 13:15 Or, wind
  129. Hosea 13:15 Or, it
  130. Hosea 13:16 Or, become desolate
  131. Hosea 14:2 Or, receive us graciously
  132. Hosea 14:7 Or, his memorial
  133. Hosea 14:8 Or, O Ephraim, what etc.

The word of the Lord that came(A) to Hosea son of Beeri during the reigns of Uzziah,(B) Jotham,(C) Ahaz(D) and Hezekiah,(E) kings of Judah,(F) and during the reign of Jeroboam(G) son of Jehoash[a] king of Israel:(H)

Hosea’s Wife and Children

When the Lord began to speak through Hosea, the Lord said to him, “Go, marry a promiscuous(I) woman and have children with her, for like an adulterous wife this land is guilty of unfaithfulness(J) to the Lord.” So he married Gomer(K) daughter of Diblaim, and she conceived and bore him a son.

Then the Lord said to Hosea, “Call him Jezreel,(L) because I will soon punish the house of Jehu for the massacre at Jezreel, and I will put an end to the kingdom of Israel. In that day I will break Israel’s bow in the Valley of Jezreel.(M)

Gomer(N) conceived again and gave birth to a daughter. Then the Lord said to Hosea, “Call her Lo-Ruhamah (which means “not loved”),(O) for I will no longer show love to Israel,(P) that I should at all forgive them. Yet I will show love to Judah; and I will save them—not by bow,(Q) sword or battle, or by horses and horsemen, but I, the Lord their God,(R) will save them.”

After she had weaned Lo-Ruhamah,(S) Gomer had another son. Then the Lord said, “Call him Lo-Ammi (which means “not my people”), for you are not my people, and I am not your God.[b](T)

10 “Yet the Israelites will be like the sand on the seashore, which cannot be measured or counted.(U) In the place where it was said to them, ‘You are not my people,’ they will be called ‘children of the living God.’(V) 11 The people of Judah and the people of Israel will come together;(W) they will appoint one leader(X) and will come up out of the land,(Y) for great will be the day of Jezreel.[c](Z)

[d]“Say of your brothers, ‘My people,’ and of your sisters, ‘My loved one.’(AA)

Israel Punished and Restored

“Rebuke your mother,(AB) rebuke her,
    for she is not my wife,
    and I am not her husband.
Let her remove the adulterous(AC) look from her face
    and the unfaithfulness from between her breasts.
Otherwise I will strip(AD) her naked
    and make her as bare as on the day she was born;(AE)
I will make her like a desert,(AF)
    turn her into a parched land,
    and slay her with thirst.
I will not show my love to her children,(AG)
    because they are the children of adultery.(AH)
Their mother has been unfaithful
    and has conceived them in disgrace.
She said, ‘I will go after my lovers,(AI)
    who give me my food and my water,
    my wool and my linen, my olive oil and my drink.’(AJ)
Therefore I will block her path with thornbushes;
    I will wall her in so that she cannot find her way.(AK)
She will chase after her lovers but not catch them;
    she will look for them but not find them.(AL)
Then she will say,
    ‘I will go back to my husband(AM) as at first,(AN)
    for then I was better off(AO) than now.’
She has not acknowledged(AP) that I was the one
    who gave her the grain, the new wine and oil,(AQ)
who lavished on her the silver and gold(AR)
    which they used for Baal.(AS)

“Therefore I will take away my grain(AT) when it ripens,
    and my new wine(AU) when it is ready.
I will take back my wool and my linen,
    intended to cover her naked body.
10 So now I will expose(AV) her lewdness
    before the eyes of her lovers;(AW)
    no one will take her out of my hands.(AX)
11 I will stop(AY) all her celebrations:(AZ)
    her yearly festivals, her New Moons,
    her Sabbath days—all her appointed festivals.(BA)
12 I will ruin her vines(BB) and her fig trees,(BC)
    which she said were her pay from her lovers;(BD)
I will make them a thicket,(BE)
    and wild animals will devour them.(BF)
13 I will punish her for the days
    she burned incense(BG) to the Baals;(BH)
she decked herself with rings and jewelry,(BI)
    and went after her lovers,(BJ)
    but me she forgot,(BK)
declares the Lord.(BL)

14 “Therefore I am now going to allure her;
    I will lead her into the wilderness(BM)
    and speak tenderly to her.
15 There I will give her back her vineyards,
    and will make the Valley of Achor[e](BN) a door of hope.
There she will respond[f](BO) as in the days of her youth,(BP)
    as in the day she came up out of Egypt.(BQ)

16 “In that day,” declares the Lord,
    “you will call me ‘my husband’;(BR)
    you will no longer call me ‘my master.[g]
17 I will remove the names of the Baals from her lips;(BS)
    no longer will their names be invoked.(BT)
18 In that day I will make a covenant for them
    with the beasts of the field, the birds in the sky
    and the creatures that move along the ground.(BU)
Bow and sword and battle
    I will abolish(BV) from the land,
    so that all may lie down in safety.(BW)
19 I will betroth(BX) you to me forever;
    I will betroth you in[h] righteousness and justice,(BY)
    in[i] love and compassion.(BZ)
20 I will betroth you in[j] faithfulness,
    and you will acknowledge(CA) the Lord.(CB)

21 “In that day I will respond,”
    declares the Lord
“I will respond(CC) to the skies,
    and they will respond to the earth;
22 and the earth will respond to the grain,
    the new wine and the olive oil,(CD)
    and they will respond to Jezreel.[k](CE)
23 I will plant(CF) her for myself in the land;
    I will show my love to the one I called ‘Not my loved one.[l](CG)
I will say to those called ‘Not my people,[m]’ ‘You are my people’;(CH)
    and they will say, ‘You are my God.(CI)’”

Hosea’s Reconciliation With His Wife

The Lord said to me, “Go, show your love to your wife again, though she is loved by another man and is an adulteress.(CJ) Love her as the Lord loves the Israelites, though they turn to other gods and love the sacred raisin cakes.(CK)

So I bought her for fifteen shekels[n] of silver and about a homer and a lethek[o] of barley. Then I told her, “You are to live with me many days; you must not be a prostitute or be intimate with any man, and I will behave the same way toward you.”

For the Israelites will live many days without king or prince,(CL) without sacrifice(CM) or sacred stones,(CN) without ephod(CO) or household gods.(CP) Afterward the Israelites will return and seek(CQ) the Lord their God and David their king.(CR) They will come trembling(CS) to the Lord and to his blessings in the last days.(CT)

The Charge Against Israel

Hear the word of the Lord, you Israelites,
    because the Lord has a charge(CU) to bring
    against you who live in the land:(CV)
“There is no faithfulness,(CW) no love,
    no acknowledgment(CX) of God in the land.(CY)
There is only cursing,[p] lying(CZ) and murder,(DA)
    stealing(DB) and adultery;(DC)
they break all bounds,
    and bloodshed follows bloodshed.(DD)
Because of this the land dries up,(DE)
    and all who live in it waste away;(DF)
the beasts of the field, the birds in the sky
    and the fish in the sea are swept away.(DG)

“But let no one bring a charge,
    let no one accuse another,
for your people are like those
    who bring charges against a priest.(DH)
You stumble(DI) day and night,
    and the prophets stumble with you.
So I will destroy your mother(DJ)
    my people are destroyed from lack of knowledge.(DK)

“Because you have rejected knowledge,
    I also reject you as my priests;
because you have ignored the law(DL) of your God,
    I also will ignore your children.
The more priests there were,
    the more they sinned against me;
    they exchanged their glorious God[q](DM) for something disgraceful.(DN)
They feed on the sins of my people
    and relish their wickedness.(DO)
And it will be: Like people, like priests.(DP)
    I will punish both of them for their ways
    and repay them for their deeds.(DQ)

10 “They will eat but not have enough;(DR)
    they will engage in prostitution(DS) but not flourish,
because they have deserted(DT) the Lord
    to give themselves 11 to prostitution;(DU)
old wine(DV) and new wine
    take away their understanding.(DW)
12 My people consult a wooden idol,(DX)
    and a diviner’s rod speaks to them.(DY)
A spirit of prostitution(DZ) leads them astray;(EA)
    they are unfaithful(EB) to their God.
13 They sacrifice on the mountaintops
    and burn offerings on the hills,
under oak,(EC) poplar and terebinth,
    where the shade is pleasant.(ED)
Therefore your daughters turn to prostitution(EE)
    and your daughters-in-law to adultery.(EF)

14 “I will not punish your daughters
    when they turn to prostitution,
nor your daughters-in-law
    when they commit adultery,
because the men themselves consort with harlots(EG)
    and sacrifice with shrine prostitutes(EH)
    a people without understanding(EI) will come to ruin!(EJ)

15 “Though you, Israel, commit adultery,
    do not let Judah become guilty.

“Do not go to Gilgal;(EK)
    do not go up to Beth Aven.[r](EL)
    And do not swear, ‘As surely as the Lord lives!’(EM)
16 The Israelites are stubborn,(EN)
    like a stubborn heifer.(EO)
How then can the Lord pasture them
    like lambs(EP) in a meadow?
17 Ephraim is joined to idols;
    leave him alone!
18 Even when their drinks are gone,
    they continue their prostitution;
    their rulers dearly love shameful ways.
19 A whirlwind(EQ) will sweep them away,
    and their sacrifices will bring them shame.(ER)

Judgment Against Israel

“Hear this, you priests!
    Pay attention, you Israelites!
Listen, royal house!
    This judgment(ES) is against you:
You have been a snare(ET) at Mizpah,
    a net(EU) spread out on Tabor.
The rebels are knee-deep in slaughter.(EV)
    I will discipline all of them.(EW)
I know all about Ephraim;
    Israel is not hidden(EX) from me.
Ephraim, you have now turned to prostitution;
    Israel is corrupt.(EY)

“Their deeds do not permit them
    to return(EZ) to their God.
A spirit of prostitution(FA) is in their heart;
    they do not acknowledge(FB) the Lord.
Israel’s arrogance testifies(FC) against them;
    the Israelites, even Ephraim, stumble(FD) in their sin;
    Judah also stumbles with them.(FE)
When they go with their flocks and herds
    to seek the Lord,(FF)
they will not find him;
    he has withdrawn(FG) himself from them.
They are unfaithful(FH) to the Lord;
    they give birth to illegitimate(FI) children.
When they celebrate their New Moon feasts,(FJ)
    he will devour[s](FK) their fields.

“Sound the trumpet(FL) in Gibeah,(FM)
    the horn in Ramah.(FN)
Raise the battle cry in Beth Aven[t];(FO)
    lead on, Benjamin.
Ephraim will be laid waste(FP)
    on the day of reckoning.(FQ)
Among the tribes of Israel
    I proclaim what is certain.(FR)
10 Judah’s leaders are like those
    who move boundary stones.(FS)
I will pour out my wrath(FT) on them
    like a flood of water.
11 Ephraim is oppressed,
    trampled in judgment,
    intent on pursuing idols.[u](FU)
12 I am like a moth(FV) to Ephraim,
    like rot(FW) to the people of Judah.

13 “When Ephraim(FX) saw his sickness,
    and Judah his sores,
then Ephraim turned to Assyria,(FY)
    and sent to the great king for help.(FZ)
But he is not able to cure(GA) you,
    not able to heal your sores.(GB)
14 For I will be like a lion(GC) to Ephraim,
    like a great lion to Judah.
I will tear them to pieces(GD) and go away;
    I will carry them off, with no one to rescue them.(GE)
15 Then I will return to my lair(GF)
    until they have borne their guilt(GG)
    and seek my face(GH)
in their misery(GI)
    they will earnestly seek me.(GJ)

Israel Unrepentant

“Come, let us return(GK) to the Lord.
He has torn us to pieces(GL)
    but he will heal us;(GM)
he has injured us
    but he will bind up our wounds.(GN)
After two days he will revive us;(GO)
    on the third day(GP) he will restore(GQ) us,
    that we may live in his presence.
Let us acknowledge the Lord;
    let us press on to acknowledge him.
As surely as the sun rises,
    he will appear;
he will come to us like the winter rains,(GR)
    like the spring rains that water the earth.(GS)

“What can I do with you, Ephraim?(GT)
    What can I do with you, Judah?
Your love is like the morning mist,
    like the early dew that disappears.(GU)
Therefore I cut you in pieces with my prophets,
    I killed you with the words of my mouth(GV)
    then my judgments go forth like the sun.[v](GW)
For I desire mercy, not sacrifice,(GX)
    and acknowledgment(GY) of God rather than burnt offerings.(GZ)
As at Adam,[w] they have broken the covenant;(HA)
    they were unfaithful(HB) to me there.
Gilead is a city of evildoers,(HC)
    stained with footprints of blood.
As marauders lie in ambush for a victim,(HD)
    so do bands of priests;
they murder(HE) on the road to Shechem,
    carrying out their wicked schemes.(HF)
10 I have seen a horrible(HG) thing in Israel:
    There Ephraim is given to prostitution,
    Israel is defiled.(HH)

11 “Also for you, Judah,
    a harvest(HI) is appointed.

“Whenever I would restore the fortunes(HJ) of my people,

whenever I would heal Israel,
the sins of Ephraim are exposed
    and the crimes of Samaria revealed.(HK)
They practice deceit,(HL)
    thieves break into houses,(HM)
    bandits rob in the streets;(HN)
but they do not realize
    that I remember(HO) all their evil deeds.(HP)
Their sins engulf them;(HQ)
    they are always before me.

“They delight the king with their wickedness,
    the princes with their lies.(HR)
They are all adulterers,(HS)
    burning like an oven
whose fire the baker need not stir
    from the kneading of the dough till it rises.
On the day of the festival of our king
    the princes become inflamed with wine,(HT)
    and he joins hands with the mockers.(HU)
Their hearts are like an oven;(HV)
    they approach him with intrigue.
Their passion smolders all night;
    in the morning it blazes like a flaming fire.
All of them are hot as an oven;
    they devour their rulers.
All their kings fall,(HW)
    and none of them calls(HX) on me.

“Ephraim mixes(HY) with the nations;
    Ephraim is a flat loaf not turned over.
Foreigners sap his strength,(HZ)
    but he does not realize it.
His hair is sprinkled with gray,
    but he does not notice.
10 Israel’s arrogance testifies against him,(IA)
    but despite all this
he does not return(IB) to the Lord his God
    or search(IC) for him.

11 “Ephraim is like a dove,(ID)
    easily deceived and senseless—
now calling to Egypt,(IE)
    now turning to Assyria.(IF)
12 When they go, I will throw my net(IG) over them;
    I will pull them down like the birds in the sky.
When I hear them flocking together,
    I will catch them.
13 Woe(IH) to them,
    because they have strayed(II) from me!
Destruction to them,
    because they have rebelled against me!
I long to redeem them
    but they speak about me(IJ) falsely.(IK)
14 They do not cry out to me from their hearts(IL)
    but wail on their beds.
They slash themselves,[x] appealing to their gods
    for grain and new wine,(IM)
    but they turn away from me.(IN)
15 I trained(IO) them and strengthened their arms,
    but they plot evil(IP) against me.
16 They do not turn to the Most High;(IQ)
    they are like a faulty bow.(IR)
Their leaders will fall by the sword
    because of their insolent(IS) words.
For this they will be ridiculed(IT)
    in the land of Egypt.(IU)

Israel to Reap the Whirlwind

“Put the trumpet(IV) to your lips!
    An eagle(IW) is over the house of the Lord
because the people have broken my covenant(IX)
    and rebelled against my law.(IY)
Israel cries out to me,
    ‘Our God, we acknowledge you!’
But Israel has rejected what is good;
    an enemy will pursue him.(IZ)
They set up kings without my consent;
    they choose princes without my approval.(JA)
With their silver and gold
    they make idols(JB) for themselves
    to their own destruction.
Samaria, throw out your calf-idol!(JC)
    My anger burns against them.
How long will they be incapable of purity?(JD)
    They are from Israel!
This calf—a metalworker has made it;
    it is not God.(JE)
It will be broken in pieces,
    that calf(JF) of Samaria.(JG)

“They sow the wind
    and reap the whirlwind.(JH)
The stalk has no head;
    it will produce no flour.(JI)
Were it to yield grain,
    foreigners would swallow it up.(JJ)
Israel is swallowed up;(JK)
    now she is among the nations
    like something no one wants.(JL)
For they have gone up to Assyria(JM)
    like a wild donkey(JN) wandering alone.
    Ephraim has sold herself to lovers.(JO)
10 Although they have sold themselves among the nations,
    I will now gather them together.(JP)
They will begin to waste away(JQ)
    under the oppression of the mighty king.

11 “Though Ephraim built many altars for sin offerings,
    these have become altars for sinning.(JR)
12 I wrote for them the many things of my law,
    but they regarded them as something foreign.(JS)
13 Though they offer sacrifices as gifts to me,
    and though they eat(JT) the meat,
    the Lord is not pleased with them.(JU)
Now he will remember(JV) their wickedness
    and punish their sins:(JW)
    They will return to Egypt.(JX)
14 Israel has forgotten(JY) their Maker(JZ)
    and built palaces;
    Judah has fortified many towns.
But I will send fire on their cities
    that will consume their fortresses.”(KA)

Punishment for Israel

Do not rejoice, Israel;
    do not be jubilant(KB) like the other nations.
For you have been unfaithful(KC) to your God;
    you love the wages of a prostitute(KD)
    at every threshing floor.
Threshing floors and winepresses will not feed the people;
    the new wine(KE) will fail them.
They will not remain(KF) in the Lord’s land;
    Ephraim will return to Egypt(KG)
    and eat unclean food in Assyria.(KH)
They will not pour out wine offerings(KI) to the Lord,
    nor will their sacrifices please(KJ) him.
Such sacrifices will be to them like the bread of mourners;(KK)
    all who eat them will be unclean.(KL)
This food will be for themselves;
    it will not come into the temple of the Lord.(KM)

What will you do(KN) on the day of your appointed festivals,(KO)
    on the feast days of the Lord?
Even if they escape from destruction,
    Egypt will gather them,(KP)
    and Memphis(KQ) will bury them.(KR)
Their treasures of silver(KS) will be taken over by briers,
    and thorns(KT) will overrun their tents.
The days of punishment(KU) are coming,
    the days of reckoning(KV) are at hand.
    Let Israel know this.
Because your sins(KW) are so many
    and your hostility so great,
the prophet is considered a fool,(KX)
    the inspired person a maniac.(KY)
The prophet, along with my God,
    is the watchman over Ephraim,[y]
yet snares(KZ) await him on all his paths,
    and hostility in the house of his God.(LA)
They have sunk deep into corruption,(LB)
    as in the days of Gibeah.(LC)
God will remember(LD) their wickedness
    and punish them for their sins.(LE)

10 “When I found Israel,
    it was like finding grapes in the desert;
when I saw your ancestors,
    it was like seeing the early fruit(LF) on the fig(LG) tree.
But when they came to Baal Peor,(LH)
    they consecrated themselves to that shameful idol(LI)
    and became as vile as the thing they loved.
11 Ephraim’s glory(LJ) will fly away like a bird(LK)
    no birth, no pregnancy, no conception.(LL)
12 Even if they rear children,
    I will bereave(LM) them of every one.
Woe(LN) to them
    when I turn away from them!(LO)
13 I have seen Ephraim,(LP) like Tyre,
    planted in a pleasant place.(LQ)
But Ephraim will bring out
    their children to the slayer.”(LR)

14 Give them, Lord
    what will you give them?
Give them wombs that miscarry
    and breasts that are dry.(LS)

15 “Because of all their wickedness in Gilgal,(LT)
    I hated them there.
Because of their sinful deeds,(LU)
    I will drive them out of my house.
I will no longer love them;(LV)
    all their leaders are rebellious.(LW)
16 Ephraim(LX) is blighted,
    their root is withered,
    they yield no fruit.(LY)
Even if they bear children,
    I will slay(LZ) their cherished offspring.”

17 My God will reject(MA) them
    because they have not obeyed(MB) him;
    they will be wanderers among the nations.(MC)

10 Israel was a spreading vine;(MD)
    he brought forth fruit for himself.
As his fruit increased,
    he built more altars;(ME)
as his land prospered,(MF)
    he adorned his sacred stones.(MG)
Their heart is deceitful,(MH)
    and now they must bear their guilt.(MI)
The Lord will demolish their altars(MJ)
    and destroy their sacred stones.(MK)

Then they will say, “We have no king
    because we did not revere the Lord.
But even if we had a king,
    what could he do for us?”
They make many promises,
    take false oaths(ML)
    and make agreements;(MM)
therefore lawsuits spring up
    like poisonous weeds(MN) in a plowed field.
The people who live in Samaria fear
    for the calf-idol(MO) of Beth Aven.[z](MP)
Its people will mourn over it,
    and so will its idolatrous priests,(MQ)
those who had rejoiced over its splendor,
    because it is taken from them into exile.(MR)
It will be carried to Assyria(MS)
    as tribute(MT) for the great king.(MU)
Ephraim will be disgraced;(MV)
    Israel will be ashamed(MW) of its foreign alliances.
Samaria’s king will be destroyed,(MX)
    swept away like a twig on the surface of the waters.
The high places(MY) of wickedness[aa](MZ) will be destroyed—
    it is the sin of Israel.
Thorns(NA) and thistles will grow up
    and cover their altars.(NB)
Then they will say to the mountains, “Cover us!”(NC)
    and to the hills, “Fall on us!”(ND)

“Since the days of Gibeah,(NE) you have sinned,(NF) Israel,
    and there you have remained.[ab]
Will not war again overtake
    the evildoers in Gibeah?
10 When I please, I will punish(NG) them;
    nations will be gathered against them
    to put them in bonds for their double sin.
11 Ephraim is a trained heifer
    that loves to thresh;
so I will put a yoke(NH)
    on her fair neck.
I will drive Ephraim,
    Judah must plow,
    and Jacob must break up the ground.
12 Sow(NI) righteousness(NJ) for yourselves,
    reap the fruit of unfailing love,
and break up your unplowed ground;(NK)
    for it is time to seek(NL) the Lord,
until he comes
    and showers his righteousness(NM) on you.
13 But you have planted wickedness,
    you have reaped evil,(NN)
    you have eaten the fruit of deception.(NO)
Because you have depended on your own strength
    and on your many warriors,(NP)
14 the roar of battle will rise against your people,
    so that all your fortresses will be devastated(NQ)
as Shalman(NR) devastated Beth Arbel on the day of battle,
    when mothers were dashed to the ground with their children.(NS)
15 So will it happen to you, Bethel,
    because your wickedness is great.
When that day dawns,
    the king of Israel will be completely destroyed.(NT)

God’s Love for Israel

11 “When Israel was a child,(NU) I loved(NV) him,
    and out of Egypt I called my son.(NW)
But the more they were called,
    the more they went away from me.[ac](NX)
They sacrificed to the Baals(NY)
    and they burned incense to images.(NZ)
It was I who taught Ephraim to walk,
    taking them by the arms;(OA)
but they did not realize
    it was I who healed(OB) them.
I led them with cords of human kindness,
    with ties of love.(OC)
To them I was like one who lifts
    a little child to the cheek,
    and I bent down to feed(OD) them.(OE)

“Will they not return to Egypt(OF)
    and will not Assyria(OG) rule over them
    because they refuse to repent?(OH)
A sword(OI) will flash in their cities;
    it will devour(OJ) their false prophets
    and put an end to their plans.
My people are determined to turn(OK) from me.(OL)
    Even though they call me God Most High,
    I will by no means exalt them.

“How can I give you up,(OM) Ephraim?(ON)
    How can I hand you over, Israel?
How can I treat you like Admah?
    How can I make you like Zeboyim?(OO)
My heart is changed within me;
    all my compassion(OP) is aroused.(OQ)
I will not carry out my fierce anger,(OR)
    nor will I devastate(OS) Ephraim again.
For I am God, and not a man(OT)
    the Holy One(OU) among you.
    I will not come against their cities.
10 They will follow the Lord;
    he will roar(OV) like a lion.(OW)
When he roars,
    his children will come trembling(OX) from the west.(OY)
11 They will come from Egypt,
    trembling like sparrows,
    from Assyria,(OZ) fluttering like doves.(PA)
I will settle them in their homes,”(PB)
    declares the Lord.

Israel’s Sin

12 Ephraim has surrounded me with lies,(PC)
    Israel with deceit.
And Judah is unruly against God,
    even against the faithful(PD) Holy One.[ad](PE)

12 [ae]Ephraim(PF) feeds on the wind;(PG)
    he pursues the east wind all day
    and multiplies lies and violence.(PH)
He makes a treaty with Assyria(PI)
    and sends olive oil to Egypt.(PJ)
The Lord has a charge(PK) to bring against Judah;(PL)
    he will punish(PM) Jacob[af] according to his ways
    and repay him according to his deeds.(PN)
In the womb he grasped his brother’s heel;(PO)
    as a man he struggled(PP) with God.
He struggled with the angel and overcame him;
    he wept and begged for his favor.
He found him at Bethel(PQ)
    and talked with him there—
the Lord God Almighty,
    the Lord is his name!(PR)
But you must return(PS) to your God;
    maintain love and justice,(PT)
    and wait for your God always.(PU)

The merchant uses dishonest scales(PV)
    and loves to defraud.
Ephraim boasts,(PW)
    “I am very rich; I have become wealthy.(PX)
With all my wealth they will not find in me
    any iniquity or sin.”

“I have been the Lord your God
    ever since you came out of Egypt;(PY)
I will make you live in tents(PZ) again,
    as in the days of your appointed festivals.
10 I spoke to the prophets,
    gave them many visions
    and told parables(QA) through them.”(QB)

11 Is Gilead wicked?(QC)
    Its people are worthless!
Do they sacrifice bulls in Gilgal?(QD)
    Their altars will be like piles of stones
    on a plowed field.(QE)
12 Jacob fled to the country of Aram[ag];(QF)
    Israel served to get a wife,
    and to pay for her he tended sheep.(QG)
13 The Lord used a prophet to bring Israel up from Egypt,(QH)
    by a prophet he cared for him.(QI)
14 But Ephraim has aroused his bitter anger;
    his Lord will leave on him the guilt of his bloodshed(QJ)
    and will repay him for his contempt.(QK)

The Lord’s Anger Against Israel

13 When Ephraim spoke, people trembled;(QL)
    he was exalted(QM) in Israel.
    But he became guilty of Baal worship(QN) and died.
Now they sin more and more;
    they make(QO) idols for themselves from their silver,(QP)
cleverly fashioned images,
    all of them the work of craftsmen.(QQ)
It is said of these people,
    “They offer human sacrifices!
    They kiss[ah](QR) calf-idols!(QS)
Therefore they will be like the morning mist,
    like the early dew that disappears,(QT)
    like chaff(QU) swirling from a threshing floor,(QV)
    like smoke(QW) escaping through a window.

“But I have been the Lord your God
    ever since you came out of Egypt.(QX)
You shall acknowledge(QY) no God but me,(QZ)
    no Savior(RA) except me.
I cared for you in the wilderness,(RB)
    in the land of burning heat.
When I fed them, they were satisfied;
    when they were satisfied, they became proud;(RC)
    then they forgot(RD) me.(RE)
So I will be like a lion(RF) to them,
    like a leopard I will lurk by the path.
Like a bear robbed of her cubs,(RG)
    I will attack them and rip them open;
like a lion(RH) I will devour them—
    a wild animal will tear them apart.(RI)

“You are destroyed, Israel,
    because you are against me,(RJ) against your helper.(RK)
10 Where is your king,(RL) that he may save you?
    Where are your rulers in all your towns,
of whom you said,
    ‘Give me a king and princes’?(RM)
11 So in my anger I gave you a king,(RN)
    and in my wrath I took him away.(RO)
12 The guilt of Ephraim is stored up,
    his sins are kept on record.(RP)
13 Pains as of a woman in childbirth(RQ) come to him,
    but he is a child without wisdom;
when the time(RR) arrives,
    he doesn’t have the sense to come out of the womb.(RS)

14 “I will deliver this people from the power of the grave;(RT)
    I will redeem them from death.(RU)
Where, O death, are your plagues?
    Where, O grave, is your destruction?(RV)

“I will have no compassion,
15     even though he thrives(RW) among his brothers.
An east wind(RX) from the Lord will come,
    blowing in from the desert;
his spring will fail
    and his well dry up.(RY)
His storehouse will be plundered(RZ)
    of all its treasures.
16 The people of Samaria(SA) must bear their guilt,(SB)
    because they have rebelled(SC) against their God.
They will fall by the sword;(SD)
    their little ones will be dashed(SE) to the ground,
    their pregnant women(SF) ripped open.”[ai]

Repentance to Bring Blessing

14 [aj]Return,(SG) Israel, to the Lord your God.
    Your sins(SH) have been your downfall!(SI)
Take words with you
    and return to the Lord.
Say to him:
    “Forgive(SJ) all our sins
and receive us graciously,(SK)
    that we may offer the fruit of our lips.[ak](SL)
Assyria cannot save us;(SM)
    we will not mount warhorses.(SN)
We will never again say ‘Our gods’(SO)
    to what our own hands have made,(SP)
    for in you the fatherless(SQ) find compassion.”

“I will heal(SR) their waywardness(SS)
    and love them freely,(ST)
    for my anger has turned away(SU) from them.
I will be like the dew(SV) to Israel;
    he will blossom like a lily.(SW)
Like a cedar of Lebanon(SX)
    he will send down his roots;(SY)
    his young shoots will grow.
His splendor will be like an olive tree,(SZ)
    his fragrance like a cedar of Lebanon.(TA)
People will dwell again in his shade;(TB)
    they will flourish like the grain,
they will blossom(TC) like the vine—
    Israel’s fame will be like the wine(TD) of Lebanon.(TE)
Ephraim, what more have I[al] to do with idols?(TF)
    I will answer him and care for him.
I am like a flourishing juniper;(TG)
    your fruitfulness comes from me.”

Who is wise?(TH) Let them realize these things.
    Who is discerning? Let them understand.(TI)
The ways of the Lord are right;(TJ)
    the righteous walk(TK) in them,
    but the rebellious stumble in them.

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 1:1 Hebrew Joash, a variant of Jehoash
  2. Hosea 1:9 Or your I am
  3. Hosea 1:11 In Hebrew texts 1:10,11 is numbered 2:1,2.
  4. Hosea 2:1 In Hebrew texts 2:1-23 is numbered 2:3-25.
  5. Hosea 2:15 Achor means trouble.
  6. Hosea 2:15 Or sing
  7. Hosea 2:16 Hebrew baal
  8. Hosea 2:19 Or with
  9. Hosea 2:19 Or with
  10. Hosea 2:20 Or with
  11. Hosea 2:22 Jezreel means God plants.
  12. Hosea 2:23 Hebrew Lo-Ruhamah (see 1:6)
  13. Hosea 2:23 Hebrew Lo-Ammi (see 1:9)
  14. Hosea 3:2 That is, about 6 ounces or about 170 grams
  15. Hosea 3:2 A homer and a lethek possibly weighed about 430 pounds or about 195 kilograms.
  16. Hosea 4:2 That is, to pronounce a curse on
  17. Hosea 4:7 Syriac (see also an ancient Hebrew scribal tradition); Masoretic Text me; / I will exchange their glory
  18. Hosea 4:15 Beth Aven means house of wickedness (a derogatory name for Bethel, which means house of God).
  19. Hosea 5:7 Or Now their New Moon feasts / will devour them and
  20. Hosea 5:8 Beth Aven means house of wickedness (a derogatory name for Bethel, which means house of God).
  21. Hosea 5:11 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  22. Hosea 6:5 The meaning of the Hebrew for this line is uncertain.
  23. Hosea 6:7 Or Like Adam; or Like human beings
  24. Hosea 7:14 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint; most Hebrew manuscripts They gather together
  25. Hosea 9:8 Or The prophet is the watchman over Ephraim, / the people of my God
  26. Hosea 10:5 Beth Aven means house of wickedness (a derogatory name for Bethel, which means house of God).
  27. Hosea 10:8 Hebrew aven, a reference to Beth Aven (a derogatory name for Bethel); see verse 5.
  28. Hosea 10:9 Or there a stand was taken
  29. Hosea 11:2 Septuagint; Hebrew them
  30. Hosea 11:12 In Hebrew texts this verse (11:12) is numbered 12:1.
  31. Hosea 12:1 In Hebrew texts 12:1-14 is numbered 12:2-15.
  32. Hosea 12:2 Jacob means he grasps the heel, a Hebrew idiom for he takes advantage of or he deceives.
  33. Hosea 12:12 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia
  34. Hosea 13:2 Or “Men who sacrifice / kiss
  35. Hosea 13:16 In Hebrew texts this verse (13:16) is numbered 14:1.
  36. Hosea 14:1 In Hebrew texts 14:1-9 is numbered 14:2-10.
  37. Hosea 14:2 Or offer our lips as sacrifices of bulls
  38. Hosea 14:8 Or Hebrew; Septuagint What more has Ephraim