Siege of Jerusalem Predicted

“Now you, son of man, (A)get yourself a brick, place it before you, and inscribe a city on it—Jerusalem. Then (B)lay siege against it, build a siege wall, pile up an assault ramp, set up camps, and place battering rams against it all around. Then get yourself an iron plate and set it up as an iron wall between yourself and the city, and direct your face toward it so that (C)it is under siege, and besiege it. This will be a (D)sign to the house of Israel.

“Then you are to lie down on your left side and put the wrongdoing of the house of Israel on it; you shall (E)bear their wrongdoing for the number of days that you lie on it. For I have assigned you a number of days corresponding to the years of their wrongdoing, 390 days; so (F)you shall bear the wrongdoing of the house of Israel. When you have completed these days, you shall lie down a second time, but on your right side, and bear the wrongdoing of the house of Judah; I have assigned it to you for forty days, a day for (G)each year. Then you shall direct your face toward the siege of Jerusalem with your arm bared, and (H)prophesy against it. Now behold, I will (I)put ropes [a]around you so that you cannot turn from your one side to your other until you have completed the days of your siege.

Defiled Bread

“But as for you, take wheat, barley, beans, lentils, millet, and (J)spelt, and put them in one vessel and make them into bread for yourself; you shall eat it according to the number of the days that you lie on your side, 390 days. 10 Your food which you eat shall be (K)twenty shekels a day by weight; you shall eat it from time to time. 11 The water you drink shall be a [b]sixth of a hin by measure; you shall drink it from time to time. 12 You shall eat it as a barley cake, having baked it in their sight over human (L)dung.” 13 Then the Lord said, “In this way the sons of Israel will eat their bread (M)unclean among the nations where I will scatter them.” 14 But I said, “(N)Oh, Lord [c]God! Behold, [d]I have (O)never been defiled; for from my youth until now I have never eaten what (P)died of itself or was torn by animals, nor has any (Q)unclean meat ever entered my mouth!” 15 Then He said to me, “See, I will give you cow’s dung in place of human dung, so that you may prepare your bread over it.” 16 Moreover, He said to me, “Son of man, behold, I am going to (R)break the staff of bread in Jerusalem, and they will eat bread by (S)weight and with anxiety, and drink water by (T)measure and in horror, 17 because bread and water will be scarce; and they will tremble with one another and (U)waste away in their guilt.

Jerusalem’s Desolation Foretold

“As for you, son of man, take a (V)sharp sword; take and [e]use it as a barber’s razor on your head and beard. Then take (W)scales for weighing and divide [f]the hair. A third you shall burn in the fire at the center of the city, when the (X)days of the siege are completed. Then you shall take a third and strike it with the sword all around [g]the city, and a third you shall scatter to the wind; for I will (Y)unsheathe a sword behind them. Take also a few hairs in number from [h]them and bind them in the hems of your robes. Take again some of them and throw them into the fire and burn them in the fire; from it a fire will [i]spread to all the house of Israel.

“This is what the Lord [j]God says: ‘This is (Z)Jerusalem; I have placed her at the (AA)center of the nations, with lands around her. But she has rebelled against My ordinances more wickedly than the nations, and against My statutes (AB)more than the lands which surround her; for they have (AC)rejected My ordinances and have not walked [k]in My statutes.’ Therefore, this is what the Lord God says: ‘Because you have (AD)more turmoil than the nations that surround you and have not walked in My statutes, nor executed My ordinances, nor acted in accordance with the ordinances of the nations around you,’ therefore, this is what the Lord God says: ‘Behold, I, even I, am (AE)against you, and I will (AF)execute judgments among you in the sight of the nations. And because of all your abominations I will do among you what I have (AG)not done, and the like of which I will never do again. 10 Therefore, (AH)fathers will eat their sons among you, and sons will eat their fathers; for I will execute judgments on you and (AI)scatter all your remnant to every wind. 11 Therefore as I live,’ declares the Lord God, ‘Because you have (AJ)defiled My sanctuary with all your (AK)detestable idols and with all your abominations, I definitely will also withdraw and My eye will have no pity, and I also will not spare. 12 A third of you will die by (AL)plague or perish by famine among you, a third will fall by the sword around you, and a third I will (AM)scatter to every wind, and I will (AN)unsheathe a sword behind them.

13 ‘Then My anger will be spent and I will satisfy My wrath on them, and I will be (AO)appeased; then they will know that I, the Lord, have (AP)spoken in My zeal, when I have spent My wrath upon them. 14 Moreover, I will make you a site of ruins and a (AQ)disgrace among the nations that surround you, in the sight of everyone who passes by. 15 So [l]it will be a disgrace, an object of abuse, a (AR)warning, and an object of horror to the nations that surround you when I (AS)execute judgments against you in anger, wrath, and raging reprimands. I, the Lord, have spoken. 16 When I send against them the [m]deadly arrows of famine which [n]were for the destruction of those whom I will send to destroy you, then I will also intensify the famine upon you and break off your [o]provision of bread. 17 (AT)I will send on you famine and vicious animals, and they will bereave you of children; (AU)plague and bloodshed also will pass through you, and I will bring the sword on you. I, the Lord, have spoken.’”

Idolatrous Worship Denounced

Now the word of the Lord came to me, saying, “Son of man, set your face toward the (AV)mountains of Israel, and prophesy against them and say, ‘Mountains of Israel, listen to the word of the Lord [p]God! This is what the Lord [q]God says to the mountains, the hills, the ravines, and the valleys: “Behold, I Myself am going to bring a sword against you, and (AW)I will destroy your high places. So your (AX)altars will become deserted and your incense altars will be smashed; and I will make your slain fall in front of your idols. I will also lay the dead bodies of the sons of Israel in front of their idols; and I will scatter your (AY)bones around your altars. [r]Everywhere you live, (AZ)cities will be in ruins and the high places will be deserted, so that your altars will be in ruins and [s]deserted, your (BA)idols will be broken and brought to an end, your incense altars will be cut down, and your works wiped out. The slain will fall among you, and you will know that I am the Lord.

“However, I will leave a (BB)remnant, in that you will have those who (BC)escaped the sword among the nations when you are scattered among the countries. Then those of you who escape will (BD)remember Me among the nations to which they will be taken captive, how I have [t](BE)been hurt by their adulterous hearts which turned away from Me, and by their eyes which committed infidelity with their idols; and they will (BF)loathe themselves in their own sight for the evils which they have committed, for all their abominations. 10 Then they will know that I am the Lord; I have not said in vain that I would inflict this disaster on them.”’

11 “This is what the Lord [u]God says: ‘Clap your hands, (BG)stamp your foot and say, “(BH)Woe, because of all the evil abominations of the house of Israel, which will fall by the (BI)sword, famine, and plague! 12 Anyone who is (BJ)far away will die by the plague, anyone who is near will fall by the sword, and anyone who remains and is spared from these will die by the famine. So I will (BK)expend My wrath on them. 13 Then you will know that I am the Lord, when their (BL)dead are among their idols around their altars, on (BM)every high hill, on all the tops of the mountains, under every leafy tree and under every massive oak with thick branches—the places where they offered a soothing aroma to all their idols. 14 So through all their dwelling places I will (BN)stretch out My hand against them and make the land more desolate and waste than the wilderness toward Diblah; so they will know that I am the Lord.”’”

Punishment for Wickedness Foretold

Moreover, the word of the Lord came to me, saying, “And you, son of man, this is what the Lord [v]God says to the land of Israel: ‘An (BO)end! The end is coming on the four corners of the land. Now the end is upon you, for I will send My anger against you; I will judge you according to your ways and [w]bring all your abominations upon you. And My eye will have no pity on you, nor will I spare you, but I will [x](BP)bring your ways upon you, and your abominations will be among you; then you will (BQ)know that I am the Lord!’

“This is what the Lord [y]God says: ‘A (BR)disaster, a unique disaster, behold, it is coming! An end [z]is coming; the end has come! It has (BS)awakened against you; behold, it has come! Your [aa]doom has come to you, you inhabitant of the land. The (BT)time has come, the (BU)day is near—panic rather than joyful shouting on the mountains. Now I will shortly (BV)pour out My wrath on you and expend My anger against you; I will (BW)judge you according to your ways and [ab]bring on you all your abominations. My eye will have no pity nor will I spare you. I will [ac]repay you according to your ways, while your abominations are in your midst; then you will know that I, the Lord, am striking.

10 ‘Behold, the day! Behold, it is coming! Your [ad]doom has gone forth; the (BX)rod has budded, arrogance has blossomed. 11 Violence [ae]has grown into a rod of (BY)wickedness. None of them shall remain, none of their [af]people, none of their (BZ)wealth, nor anything eminent among them. 12 The (CA)time has come, the day has arrived. Let neither the (CB)buyer rejoice nor the seller mourn; for (CC)wrath is against all their multitude. 13 Indeed, the seller will not [ag](CD)regain [ah]what he sold as long as [ai]they both live; for the vision regarding all their multitude will not [aj]be averted, nor will any of them maintain his life by his wrongdoing.

14 ‘They have (CE)blown the trumpet and made everything ready, but no one is going to the battle, for My wrath is against all [ak]their multitude. 15 The (CF)sword is outside the city and the plague and the famine are within. Anyone who is in the field will die by the sword, while famine and the plague will consume those in the city. 16 Even when their survivors (CG)escape, they will be on the mountains like (CH)doves of the valleys, all of them (CI)moaning, each over his own wrongdoing. 17 All (CJ)hands will hang limp, and all [al]knees will drip with water. 18 They will (CK)put on sackcloth and (CL)shuddering will overwhelm them; and shame will be on all faces, and a [am](CM)bald patch on all their heads. 19 They will (CN)fling their silver into the streets, and their gold will become an abhorrent thing; their (CO)silver and their gold will not be able to save them on the day of the wrath of the Lord. They cannot satisfy their [an]appetite, nor can they fill their stomachs, because their wrongdoing has become a cause of stumbling.

The Temple Profaned

20 Moreover, they transformed the splendor of His jewels into pride, and (CP)they made the images of their abominations and their detestable things with it; therefore I will make it an abhorrent thing to them. 21 And I will hand it over to the (CQ)foreigners as plunder, and to the wicked of the earth as spoils; and they will profane it. 22 I will also turn My (CR)face away from them, and they will profane My treasure; then robbers will enter and profane it.

23 (CS)Make the [ao]chain, for the land is full of [ap](CT)bloody crimes, and the city is (CU)full of violence. 24 Therefore, I will bring the worst of the (CV)nations, and they will take possession of their houses. I will also put an end to the (CW)pride of the strong ones, and their (CX)holy places will be profaned. 25 When anguish comes, they will seek (CY)peace, but there will be none. 26 (CZ)Disaster will come upon disaster and (DA)rumor will be added to rumor; then they will seek a (DB)vision from a prophet, but the (DC)Law will be lost from the priest, and (DD)counsel from the elders. 27 The king will mourn, the prince will be (DE)clothed in horror, and the hands of the people of the land will [aq]tremble. I will deal with them because of their conduct, and by their judgments I will judge them. And they will know that I am the Lord.’”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 4:8 Lit on
  2. Ezekiel 4:11 About 0.6 qt. or 0.6 liter
  3. Ezekiel 4:14 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  4. Ezekiel 4:14 Lit my soul has
  5. Ezekiel 5:1 Lit pass it over your head
  6. Ezekiel 5:1 Lit them
  7. Ezekiel 5:2 Lit it
  8. Ezekiel 5:3 Lit there
  9. Ezekiel 5:4 Lit go out
  10. Ezekiel 5:5 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord, and so throughout the ch
  11. Ezekiel 5:6 Lit in them, My statutes
  12. Ezekiel 5:15 Ancient versions you
  13. Ezekiel 5:16 Lit evil
  14. Ezekiel 5:16 Or are for destruction, which I will send
  15. Ezekiel 5:16 Lit staff
  16. Ezekiel 6:3 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  17. Ezekiel 6:3 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  18. Ezekiel 6:6 Lit In all your dwellings
  19. Ezekiel 6:6 As in some ancient versions; MT suffer for their guilt
  20. Ezekiel 6:9 Lit been broken; another reading is broken their (but unlikely)
  21. Ezekiel 6:11 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  22. Ezekiel 7:2 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  23. Ezekiel 7:3 Lit give
  24. Ezekiel 7:4 Lit give
  25. Ezekiel 7:5 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  26. Ezekiel 7:6 Or has come
  27. Ezekiel 7:7 Meaning uncertain
  28. Ezekiel 7:8 Lit give
  29. Ezekiel 7:9 Lit give
  30. Ezekiel 7:10 Meaning uncertain
  31. Ezekiel 7:11 Lit has risen
  32. Ezekiel 7:11 Or procession
  33. Ezekiel 7:13 Lit return to
  34. Ezekiel 7:13 Lit the thing sold; i.e., his inherited land
  35. Ezekiel 7:13 Lit their life among the living ones
  36. Ezekiel 7:13 Lit return
  37. Ezekiel 7:14 Lit her
  38. Ezekiel 7:17 Heb idiom meaning to wet oneself
  39. Ezekiel 7:18 I.e., shaved as a sign of mourning
  40. Ezekiel 7:19 Lit soul
  41. Ezekiel 7:23 I.e., used for imprisonment
  42. Ezekiel 7:23 Lit judgment of blood
  43. Ezekiel 7:27 Lit be horrified

Siege of Jerusalem Symbolized

“Now, son of man, take a block of clay, put it in front of you and draw the city of Jerusalem on it. Then lay siege to it: Erect siege works against it, build a ramp(A) up to it, set up camps against it and put battering rams around it.(B) Then take an iron pan,(C) place it as an iron wall between you and the city and turn your face toward(D) it. It will be under siege, and you shall besiege it. This will be a sign(E) to the people of Israel.(F)

“Then lie on your left side and put the sin of the people of Israel upon yourself.[a] You are to bear their sin for the number of days you lie on your side. I have assigned you the same number of days as the years of their sin. So for 390 days you will bear the sin of the people of Israel.

“After you have finished this, lie down again, this time on your right side, and bear the sin(G) of the people of Judah. I have assigned you 40 days, a day for each year.(H) Turn your face(I) toward the siege of Jerusalem and with bared arm prophesy against her. I will tie you up with ropes so that you cannot turn from one side to the other until you have finished the days of your siege.(J)

“Take wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt;(K) put them in a storage jar and use them to make bread for yourself. You are to eat it during the 390 days you lie on your side. 10 Weigh out twenty shekels[b](L) of food to eat each day and eat it at set times. 11 Also measure out a sixth of a hin[c] of water and drink it at set times.(M) 12 Eat the food as you would a loaf of barley bread; bake it in the sight of the people, using human excrement(N) for fuel.” 13 The Lord said, “In this way the people of Israel will eat defiled food among the nations where I will drive them.”(O)

14 Then I said, “Not so, Sovereign Lord!(P) I have never defiled myself. From my youth until now I have never eaten anything found dead(Q) or torn by wild animals. No impure meat has ever entered my mouth.(R)

15 “Very well,” he said, “I will let you bake your bread over cow dung instead of human excrement.”

16 He then said to me: “Son of man, I am about to cut off(S) the food supply in Jerusalem. The people will eat rationed food in anxiety and drink rationed water in despair,(T) 17 for food and water will be scarce.(U) They will be appalled at the sight of each other and will waste away because of[d] their sin.(V)

God’s Razor of Judgment

“Now, son of man, take a sharp sword and use it as a barber’s razor(W) to shave(X) your head and your beard.(Y) Then take a set of scales and divide up the hair. When the days of your siege come to an end, burn(Z) a third(AA) of the hair inside the city. Take a third and strike it with the sword all around the city. And scatter a third to the wind.(AB) For I will pursue them with drawn sword.(AC) But take a few hairs and tuck them away in the folds of your garment.(AD) Again, take a few of these and throw them into the fire(AE) and burn them up. A fire will spread from there to all Israel.

“This is what the Sovereign Lord says: This is Jerusalem, which I have set in the center of the nations, with countries all around her.(AF) Yet in her wickedness she has rebelled against my laws and decrees more than the nations and countries around her. She has rejected my laws and has not followed my decrees.(AG)

“Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: You have been more unruly than the nations around you and have not followed my decrees or kept my laws. You have not even[e] conformed to the standards of the nations around you.(AH)

“Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I myself am against you, Jerusalem, and I will inflict punishment on you in the sight of the nations.(AI) Because of all your detestable idols, I will do to you what I have never done before and will never do again.(AJ) 10 Therefore in your midst parents will eat their children, and children will eat their parents.(AK) I will inflict punishment on you and will scatter all your survivors to the winds.(AL) 11 Therefore as surely as I live,(AM) declares the Sovereign(AN) Lord, because you have defiled my sanctuary(AO) with all your vile images(AP) and detestable practices,(AQ) I myself will shave you; I will not look on you with pity or spare you.(AR) 12 A third of your people will die of the plague or perish by famine inside you; a third will fall by the sword outside your walls; and a third I will scatter to the winds(AS) and pursue with drawn sword.(AT)

13 “Then my anger will cease and my wrath(AU) against them will subside, and I will be avenged.(AV) And when I have spent my wrath on them, they will know that I the Lord have spoken in my zeal.(AW)

14 “I will make you a ruin and a reproach among the nations around you, in the sight of all who pass by.(AX) 15 You will be a reproach(AY) and a taunt, a warning(AZ) and an object of horror to the nations around you when I inflict punishment on you in anger and in wrath and with stinging rebuke.(BA) I the Lord have spoken.(BB) 16 When I shoot at you with my deadly and destructive arrows of famine, I will shoot to destroy you. I will bring more and more famine upon you and cut off your supply of food.(BC) 17 I will send famine and wild beasts(BD) against you, and they will leave you childless. Plague and bloodshed(BE) will sweep through you, and I will bring the sword against you. I the Lord have spoken.(BF)

Doom for the Mountains of Israel

The word of the Lord came to me: “Son of man, set your face(BG) against the mountains(BH) of Israel; prophesy against them(BI) and say: ‘You mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Sovereign Lord. This is what the Sovereign Lord says to the mountains and hills, to the ravines and valleys:(BJ) I am about to bring a sword against you, and I will destroy your high places.(BK) Your altars will be demolished and your incense altars(BL) will be smashed; and I will slay your people in front of your idols.(BM) I will lay the dead bodies of the Israelites in front of their idols, and I will scatter your bones(BN) around your altars.(BO) Wherever you live,(BP) the towns will be laid waste and the high places(BQ) demolished, so that your altars will be laid waste and devastated, your idols(BR) smashed and ruined, your incense altars(BS) broken down, and what you have made wiped out.(BT) Your people will fall slain(BU) among you, and you will know that I am the Lord.(BV)

“‘But I will spare some, for some of you will escape(BW) the sword when you are scattered among the lands and nations.(BX) Then in the nations where they have been carried captive, those who escape will remember(BY) me—how I have been grieved(BZ) by their adulterous hearts, which have turned away from me, and by their eyes, which have lusted after their idols.(CA) They will loathe themselves for the evil(CB) they have done and for all their detestable practices.(CC) 10 And they will know that I am the Lord;(CD) I did not threaten in vain to bring this calamity on them.(CE)

11 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: Strike your hands together and stamp your feet and cry out “Alas!” because of all the wicked and detestable practices of the people of Israel, for they will fall by the sword, famine and plague.(CF) 12 One who is far away will die of the plague, and one who is near will fall by the sword, and anyone who survives and is spared will die of famine. So will I pour out my wrath(CG) on them.(CH) 13 And they will know that I am the Lord, when their people lie slain among their idols(CI) around their altars, on every high hill and on all the mountaintops, under every spreading tree and every leafy oak(CJ)—places where they offered fragrant incense to all their idols.(CK) 14 And I will stretch out my hand(CL) against them and make the land a desolate waste from the desert to Diblah[f]—wherever they live. Then they will know that I am the Lord.(CM)’”

The End Has Come

The word of the Lord came to me: “Son of man, this is what the Sovereign Lord says to the land of Israel:

“‘The end!(CN) The end has come
    upon the four corners(CO) of the land!
The end is now upon you,
    and I will unleash my anger against you.
I will judge you according to your conduct(CP)
    and repay you for all your detestable practices.(CQ)
I will not look on you with pity;(CR)
    I will not spare you.
I will surely repay you for your conduct
    and for the detestable practices among you.

“‘Then you will know that I am the Lord.’(CS)

“This is what the Sovereign Lord says:

“‘Disaster!(CT) Unheard-of[g] disaster!
    See, it comes!
The end(CU) has come!
    The end has come!
It has roused itself against you.
    See, it comes!
Doom has come upon you,
    upon you who dwell in the land.
The time has come! The day(CV) is near!(CW)
    There is panic, not joy, on the mountains.
I am about to pour out my wrath(CX) on you
    and spend my anger against you.
I will judge you according to your conduct
    and repay you for all your detestable practices.(CY)
I will not look on you with pity;
    I will not spare you.(CZ)
I will repay you for your conduct
    and for the detestable practices among you.(DA)

“‘Then you will know that it is I the Lord who strikes you.(DB)

10 “‘See, the day!
    See, it comes!
Doom has burst forth,
    the rod(DC) has budded,
    arrogance has blossomed!
11 Violence(DD) has arisen,[h]
    a rod to punish the wicked.
None of the people will be left,
    none of that crowd—
none of their wealth,
    nothing of value.(DE)
12 The time has come!
    The day has arrived!
Let not the buyer(DF) rejoice
    nor the seller grieve,
    for my wrath is on the whole crowd.(DG)
13 The seller will not recover
    the property that was sold—
    as long as both buyer and seller live.
For the vision concerning the whole crowd
    will not be reversed.
Because of their sins, not one of them
    will preserve their life.(DH)

14 “‘They have blown the trumpet,(DI)
    they have made all things ready,
but no one will go into battle,
    for my wrath(DJ) is on the whole crowd.
15 Outside is the sword;
    inside are plague and famine.
Those in the country
    will die by the sword;
those in the city
    will be devoured by famine and plague.(DK)
16 The fugitives(DL) who escape
    will flee to the mountains.
Like doves(DM) of the valleys,
    they will all moan,
    each for their own sins.(DN)
17 Every hand will go limp;(DO)
    every leg will be wet with urine.(DP)
18 They will put on sackcloth(DQ)
    and be clothed with terror.(DR)
Every face will be covered with shame,
    and every head will be shaved.(DS)

19 “‘They will throw their silver into the streets,(DT)
    and their gold will be treated as a thing unclean.
Their silver and gold
    will not be able to deliver them
    in the day of the Lord’s wrath.(DU)
It will not satisfy(DV) their hunger
    or fill their stomachs,
    for it has caused them to stumble(DW) into sin.(DX)
20 They took pride in their beautiful jewelry
    and used it to make(DY) their detestable idols.
They made it into vile images;(DZ)
    therefore I will make it a thing unclean for them.(EA)
21 I will give their wealth as plunder(EB) to foreigners
    and as loot to the wicked of the earth,
    who will defile it.(EC)
22 I will turn my face(ED) away from the people,
    and robbers will desecrate the place I treasure.
They will enter it
    and will defile it.(EE)

23 “‘Prepare chains!
    For the land is full of bloodshed,(EF)
    and the city is full of violence.(EG)
24 I will bring the most wicked of nations
    to take possession of their houses.
I will put an end to the pride of the mighty,
    and their sanctuaries(EH) will be desecrated.(EI)
25 When terror comes,
    they will seek peace in vain.(EJ)
26 Calamity upon calamity(EK) will come,
    and rumor upon rumor.
They will go searching for a vision from the prophet,(EL)
    priestly instruction in the law will cease,
    the counsel of the elders will come to an end.(EM)
27 The king will mourn,
    the prince will be clothed with despair,(EN)
    and the hands of the people of the land will tremble.
I will deal with them according to their conduct,(EO)
    and by their own standards I will judge them.

“‘Then they will know that I am the Lord.(EP)’”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 4:4 Or upon your side
  2. Ezekiel 4:10 That is, about 8 ounces or about 230 grams
  3. Ezekiel 4:11 That is, about 2/3 quart or about 0.6 liter
  4. Ezekiel 4:17 Or away in
  5. Ezekiel 5:7 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac You have
  6. Ezekiel 6:14 Most Hebrew manuscripts; a few Hebrew manuscripts Riblah
  7. Ezekiel 7:5 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac Disaster after
  8. Ezekiel 7:11 Or The violent one has become