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The Descendants of Noah

10 After the flood Shem, Ham, and Japheth had many descendants.

The Descendants of Japheth

2-5 Japheth's descendants had their own languages, tribes, and land. They were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Gomer was the ancestor of Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.

Javan was the ancestor of Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim,[a] who settled along the coast.

The Descendants of Ham

6-20 Ham's descendants had their own languages, tribes, and land. They were Ethiopia,[b] Egypt, Put, and Canaan.

Cush[c] was the ancestor of Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca.

Raamah was the ancestor of Sheba and Dedan.

Cush was also the ancestor of Nimrod, a mighty warrior whose strength came from the Lord. This is why people say: “You hunt like Nimrod with the strength of the Lord!” Nimrod first ruled in Babylon, Erech, and Accad, all of[d] which were in Babylonia.[e] From there Nimrod went to Assyria and built the great city of Nineveh. He also built Rehoboth-Ir and Calah, as well as Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah.

Egypt was the ancestor of Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naphtuhim, Pathrusim, Casluhim, and Caphtorim, the ancestor of the Philistines.[f]

Canaan's sons were Sidon and Heth. Canaan was also the ancestor of the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites, the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites, the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites.

Later the Canaanites spread from the territory of Sidon and settled as far away as Gaza in the direction of Gerar. They also went as far as Lasha in the direction of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim.

The Descendants of Shem

21-31 Shem's descendants had their own languages, tribes, and land. He was the older brother of Japheth and the ancestor of the tribes of Eber.

Shem was the ancestor of Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.

Aram was the ancestor of Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

Arpachshad was the father of Shelah and the grandfather of Eber, whose first son was named Peleg,[g] because it was during his time that tribes divided up the earth. Eber's second son was Joktan.

Joktan was the ancestor of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. Their land reached from Mesha in the direction of Sephar, the hill country in the east.

32 This completes the list of Noah's descendants. After the flood their descendants became nations and spread all over the world.

The Tower of Babel

11 At first everyone spoke the same language, but after some of them moved from the east[h] and settled in Babylonia,[i] 3-4 they said:

Let's build a city with a tower that reaches to the sky! We'll use hard bricks and tar instead of stone and mortar. We'll become famous, and we won't be scattered all over the world.

But when the Lord came down to look at the city and the tower, he said:

These people are working together because they all speak the same language. This is just the beginning. Soon they will be able to do anything they want. Let's go down and confuse them! We'll make them speak different languages, and they won't be able to understand each other.

8-9 So the people had to stop building the city, because the Lord confused their language and scattered them all over the earth. That's how the city of Babel[j] got its name.

The Descendants of Shem

10-11 Two years after the flood, when Shem was 100, he had a son named Arpachshad. He had more children and died at the age of 600. This is a list of his descendants:

12 When Arpachshad was 35, he had a son named Shelah. 13 Arpachshad had more children and died at the age of 438.

14 When Shelah was 30, he had a son named Eber. 15 Shelah had more children and died at the age of 433.

16 When Eber was 34, he had a son named Peleg. 17 Eber had more children and died at the age of 464.

18 When Peleg was 30, he had a son named Reu. 19 Peleg had more children and died at the age of 239.

20 When Reu was 32 he had a son named Serug. 21 Reu had more children and died at the age of 239.

22 When Serug was 30, he had a son named Nahor. 23 Serug had more children and died at the age of 230.

24 When Nahor was 29, he had a son named Terah. 25 Nahor had more children and died at the age of 148.

The Descendants of Terah

26-28 After Terah was 70 years old, he had three sons: Abram, Nahor, and Haran, who became the father of Lot. Terah's sons were born in the city of Ur in Chaldea,[k] and Haran died there before the death of his father. The following is the story of Terah's descendants.

29-30 Abram married Sarai, but she was not able to have children. And Nahor married Milcah, who was the daughter of Haran and the sister of Iscah.

31 Terah decided to move from Ur to the land of Canaan. He took along Abram and Sarai and his grandson Lot, the son of Haran. But when they came to the city of Haran,[l] they settled there instead. 32 Terah lived to be 205 years old and died in Haran.

Footnotes

  1. 10.2-5 Dodanim: Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts and one ancient translation have “Rodanim.”
  2. 10.6-20 Ethiopia: See the note at 2.13.
  3. 10.6-20 Cush: See the note at 2.13.
  4. 10.6-20 and Accad, all of: Or “Accad, and Calneh.”
  5. 10.6-20 Babylonia: The Hebrew text has “Shinar,” another name for Babylonia.
  6. 10.6-20 Casluhim, and Caphtorim, the ancestor of the Philistines: Hebrew “Caphtorim, and Casluhim, the ancestor of the Philistines.” The Philistines were from Caphtor (see Jeremiah 47.4; Amos 9.7), better known as Crete.
  7. 10.21-31 Peleg: In Hebrew “Peleg” means “divided.”
  8. 11.2 from the east: Or “to the east.”
  9. 11.2 Babylonia: See the note at 10.6-20.
  10. 11.8,9 Babel: In Hebrew “Babel” sounds like “confused.”
  11. 11.26-28 Ur in Chaldea: Chaldea was a region at the head of the Persian Gulf. Ur was on the main trade routes from Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean Sea.
  12. 11.31 Haran: About 885 kilometers northwest of Ur.

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